1、 Discovering useful structuresThe Predicative ClausesUnit 1 Science and Scientists Subject Clause(主语从句)Object Clause(宾语从句)Predicative Clause(表语从句)Appositive Clause(同位语从句)Noun clause Who will win the match is still unknown.I want to know what he has told you.The fact is that we have lost the game.The
2、 news that we won the game is exciting.主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句 名词性从句的分类名词性从句:名词性从句在功能上相当于名词表语This is his job.This is what he does every day.宾语I dont like his job.I dont like what he does every day.表语从句的定义PART01表语从句的定义The definition of predicative clauseThe question is who will do it.The question is diffic
3、ult.在主从复合句充当表语的从句叫表语从句表语从句的判断The judgment of the predicative clause1.What I want to say is that I am tired2.She doesnt know whether she likes him or not.3.He was sent to the hospital.Thats because he was ill.4.It sounds as if somebody was knocking at the door.5.The reason why he was late was that he
4、 missed the train this morning 表语从句的判断The judgment of the predicative clause系动词后的成分为表语。系动词后的从句为表语从句系动词主要是be动词（am,is,are,was,were)，意为“是”连系动词连系动词状态类状态类:be动词动词,seem,appear,keep,remain,stay 变化类变化类:become,get,turn,grow,fall,come,go 感官类感官类:look,smell,taste,sound,feel 表语从句的引导词PART02表语表语从句的引导词从句的引导词连接词连接词连词
5、连词在从句中不作成分在从句中不作成分that,whether,as if,as though,because 连接代词连接代词在从句中作主语、在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语宾语、表语、定语what,who,whom,whose,which,whatever,whoever,whichever 连接副词连接副词在从句中作状语在从句中作状语when,where,how,why 即学即练learning and practice1.This is _I want.2.My English is limited.This is _I hate reading English books.3.The
6、village is _ I used to spend my holiday.4.It is _ I really love the way he behaves.5.The trouble is _ we are short of funds.6.My problem is _ coat is suitable for me.7.I d like to start my own businessthats _ I want to do if I had the money.8.What I want to know is _will support me.whatwherewhybecau
7、sethatwhichwhatwho表语从句的语法规则PART03表语从句的语法规则The grammar rulers of the predicative clauseThe question is how can I make you understand the knowledge.The question is how I can make you understand the knowledge.Rule 1:表语从句和宾语从句、主语从句一样，要用陈述语序：主语+谓语。表语从句的语法规则The grammar rulers of the predicative clauseRule
8、 2:表语从句的引导词没有if!The question is if it is worthwhile to do it.The question is whether it is worthwhile to do it.只用whether,不用if的情况 Whether to do Whetheror not 介词后的宾语从句 从句：句首的主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句表语从句的语法规则The grammar rulers of the predicative clauseRule 3:表语从句的虚拟语气 My proposal is that we(should)start early t
9、omorrow.I propose that we(should)start early tomorrow.It is proposed that we(should)start early tomorrow.在表示“建议，劝说，命令”的名词 idea,advice,suggestion,request,proposal 等后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可省略表语从句的语法规则The grammar rulers of the predicative clauseRule 3:as if/as though 引导的表语从句常跟在look,seem,soun
10、d,feel等后面语气：若表示真实情况：用陈述语气 若表示非真实情况：用虚拟语气 Dark clouds are gathering.It looks as if its going to rain.It seemed as if the night would never end.表语从句的语法规则The grammar rulers of the predicative clauseRule 3:as if/as though 引导的表语从句的虚拟语气：若跟现在事实不符：过去式（be动词用were）若跟过去事实不符：had done 若跟将来事实不符：would/could+动词原形 Th
11、e little boy talks as if he knew everything in the world.He felt as if he had met this young lady for a long somewhere.即学即练learning and practice1.My suggestion is that we _(go)to hospital at once.2.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it _(be)broken.3.My idea is that we _(get)m
12、ore people to attend the conference.4.The little girl talked as if she _(be)a grown-up.5.She looks as if she _(be)ten years younger.should gowereshould gethad beenwere表语从句的语法规则The grammar rulers of the predicative clauseRule 4:because引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/It is because”结构中。I do so many things for yo
13、u.It is because I love you.I am late this morning.That is because I left my bag on the subway.Your speech is excellent.This is because you prepared it a lot.表语从句的语法规则The grammar rulers of the predicative clauseRule 5:当从句描述原因时：主语为reason 时，引导词用that It,This,That 开头做主语，引导词用because She was late this morn
14、ing.That was because she missed the early bus.The reason why he was late was that he missed the early bus.表语从句的语法规则The grammar rulers of the predicative clauseRule 6:引导词that,because,why的区别：描述原因用that或because.描述结果用why The reason was that you dont trust her.He was sent to the hospital.Thats because he
15、was ill.He was ill.Thats why he was sent to the hospital.即学即练learning and practice1.He is careless and irresponsible.That was _ he was fired.2.He was fired.That was _ he is careless and irresponsible.3.The reason _ he was fired was _ he was careless and irresponsible.whybecausewhythatAttention:1.表语从
16、句中的时态不受主句的限制.2.表语从句是不用 if 引导的,要用whether.3.主语是reason时，表语从句常用that，不用because.The reason for his absence was that he was ill.一句多译(替换because):她越来越胖的原因是吃太多的垃圾食品。She is becoming fatter and fatter.This is _ she eats too much junk food.She eats too much junk food.Thats _ she is becoming fatter and fatter._ s
17、he eats too much junk food.becausewhyThe reason why she is becoming fatter and fatter is that 作文中替换because的句式:The reason why.is/was that.的原因是This is why.这就是的原因(强调结果)This is because.这是因为(强调原因)我们要做运动的原因是因为它能强壮我们的身体。The reason why we should do exercise is that it can build up our body.The reason why.is
18、 that.The reason for.is that.的原因是.做运动很重要，那是因为它能增强我们的体质。Doing exercise plays an important role in our life.That is because it can build up our body.This/That is because.这/那是因为.表语从句要点归纳表语从句要点归纳1.表语从句一定要用陈述语序。表语从句一定要用陈述语序。e.g.One advantage of playing the guitar is that it can give you a great deal of p
19、leasure.2.that引导表语从句引导表语从句时时,在在句中只起连接句中只起连接作用作用,不不充当充当句子成分句子成分,无无实际实际意义意义,一般一般不能省略。不能省略。e.g.The trouble is that I have lost his address.3.whether引导表语从句时，起连接作用，意为引导表语从句时，起连接作用，意为“是否，是否，空间，到底空间，到底”，在句中不作任何成分，在句中不作任何成分。if不能引导表语从句。不能引导表语从句。e.g.The question is whether your uncle will offer help to us.1.-
20、I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that _ you had a few days off?A.why B.what C.when D.where 2._ she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A.What;why B.That;why C.What;because D.Why;that 3.Go and get your coatIts _ you left it A.where B.there C.here where D.where there 4.The problem is_ he has enough time.A.if B.whether C./D.that
