1、.十种词类和九种句子成分十种词类和九种句子成分词类:词类:名代数名代数 形动副形动副 冠介连冠介连 叹叹 成分:主谓宾成分:主谓宾 定状补定状补 表同位表同位 插入语插入语一一.名代数名代数1.I met my best friend Tom at the station.2.I find Tom a kind man.3.Tom is a worker4.Please give Tom a paper cup.代词代词 主语主语代词代词 定语定语名词名词 宾语宾语名词名词 同位语同位语名词名词 宾语宾语代词代词 主语主语名词名词 宾语宾语名词名词 补语补语名词名词 主语主语名词名词 表语表语
2、名词名词 宾语宾语名词名词 定语定语名词名词 宾语宾语二二.形容词形容词1.She is a beautiful girl.2.She is a beautiful girl.3.I find English easy to learn.4.He came back home,tired and hungry._表语表语_状语状语_补语补语定语定语三三.副词副词定义:修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句。定义:修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句。说明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念的说明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念的词叫副词。词叫副词。三三.副词副词1.It rained yesterday.2.He had
3、to stay there.3.You are quite right.4.Dont ride too fast.4.Indeed,youre mistaken.5.He walked strangely.6.The arrow hit the apple right in the middle._时间时间_地点地点修饰形容词修饰形容词修饰动词修饰动词修饰副词修饰副词修饰句子修饰句子修饰动词表示方式修饰动词表示方式修饰介词修饰介词作状语作状语三三.副词副词1.The light is still on.2.Class is over now3.He is abroad last year._
4、_作状语,修饰作状语,修饰on表语表语作状语,表示时间作状语,表示时间表语表语表语表语作状语,表示时间作状语,表示时间作表语作表语四四.冠词冠词 an hour a European countrya useful suggestion五五.介词介词介词不能单独使用,要和后面的词一介词不能单独使用,要和后面的词一起构成介词短语方可在句中使用。起构成介词短语方可在句中使用。五五.介词介词1.We took a trip at weekends.2.Can you write in English.3.Because of what you said,he got angry.4.He is in
5、 the room.5.He found himself in an unknown land.6.The girl under the tree is Mary._补语补语状语状语状语状语表语表语状语状语定语定语状语,表语,状语,表语,补语,定语补语,定语五种简单句基本句型五种简单句基本句型1.The teacher came.2.I dont know the boy.3.The idea sounds great.4.He told me a story.5.I found her very anxious.主语谓语主语谓语(s.+vi.)主语谓语主语谓语+宾语宾语(s.+vt.+o.)
6、主语系表语主语系表语(s.+link.v.+p)主语谓语间宾直宾主语谓语间宾直宾(s.+vt.+sb.+sth.)主语谓语宾语宾补主语谓语宾语宾补(s.+vt.+0.+o.c).句子结构句子结构比较下列句子:比较下列句子:1.I walked along the river.I met Tom.2.I walked along the river and I met Tom.3.When I walked along the river,I met Tom.4.(When)walking along the river,I met Tom.句子结构句子结构非谓语作状语非谓语作状语1.为了赶上早
7、班车,他起的很早。为了赶上早班车,他起的很早。2.正直向前走,你就会到达关林庙。正直向前走,你就会到达关林庙。3.被一群人跟着,他进来了。被一群人跟着,他进来了。4.她坐在那,陷入了沉思。她坐在那,陷入了沉思。In order to catch the early bus,he got up early.Going straight ahead,youll get to Guanlin Temple.Followed by a group of people,he came in.Shesat there,lost in thought.非谓语作状语非谓语作状语总结:总结:1.非谓语作状语,其
8、逻辑主语和主非谓语作状语,其逻辑主语和主句的主语一致句的主语一致.2.若表目的就用若表目的就用 to do其余的用的其余的用的-ing 或或-ed形式,依据和句子形式,依据和句子主语的关系而定,主动用主语的关系而定,主动用+ing 被动用被动用+edWith的复合结构的复合结构比较下面两组句子:比较下面两组句子:1.I walked along the river.I met Tom.Walking along the river,I met Tom.2.Time went by.He grew old.As time went by,he grew old.Going by,he grew old.()With time going by,he grew old.()思考:什么情况下才能使用的复合结构?思考:什么情况下才能使用的复合结构?当两句的主语不一致且没有连词出现时,才能使当两句的主语不一致且没有连词出现时,才能使用用with的复合结构。的复合结构。Exercise1._along the river,I met Tom.A.When I walking B.When walking C.Walking D.Walked E.I walked F.With walking G.With I waling H.When I walkedB C H