1、知识点 what 引导的名词性从句及相关辨析 what 引导的名词性从句及相关辨析【知识点解析】what常用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：一是它在相应的名词性从句中一定做成分，而且常做主语，宾语或表语。二是它在相应的名词性从句中一定有含义，常表示“什么”，“所的”，“的样子”等。what 引导的名词性从句及相关辨析【知识点解析】一.what引导主语从句 1)What we need is more time.我们需要的是更多的时间。2)What really matters is that she wore a pai
2、r of white shoes.真正有麻烦的是，她穿了一双白鞋子。3)What he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.他今天在会上说的震惊了在场的每一个人。4)What is most important in life isnt money.生命中最重要的不是钱。what 引导的名词性从句及相关辨析【知识点解析】二.what引导宾语从句 1)People were perhaps more honest a long time ago when life was very different from what it is
3、today.在和现在生活不一样的很久以前，人们或许更诚实。(what做介词from的宾语)2)People have heard what the President has said;they are waiting to see what he will do.(what 分别做动词heard和see的宾语)what 引导的名词性从句及相关辨析【知识点解析】三.what引导表语从句 1)Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just what worries the public.能否找到方法组织污染正是公众所担忧的。
4、2)That is what I want to tell you.这就是我想要告诉你的。3)The little girl is no longer what she used to be.这个女孩再也不是过去的她了。what 引导的名词性从句及相关辨析【知识点解析】四.what引导同位语从句 1)They have no idea at all what he is working on.他们根本不知道他在做什么。2)You have no idea what I suffered.你不根本知道我所遭受的痛苦 关于what 引导名词性从句的五种用法：1.表示“”的东西或事情：Theyve
5、done what they can to help her.他们已经尽力帮助了她。what 引导的名词性从句及相关辨析【知识点解析】2.表示“”的人或的样子：1)He is no longer what he was.他已经不是以前的那个样子。2)He is what is generally called a traitor.他就是人们通常所说的叛徒。3)Who is it that has made Fred what he is now?是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这个样子的？what 引导的名词性从句及相关辨析【知识点解析】3.表示“”的数量或数目：1)Our income is now
6、double what it was ten years ago.我们现在的收入是10年前的两倍。2)The number of the students in our school is ten times what it was before liberation.我们学校现在的学生数量是解放前的10倍。4.表示“”的时间：1)After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile.似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。2)The young girl was too frightened to speak,standing th
7、ere for what seemed like hours.小女孩吓得不敢说话，在那儿好像站了几个小时。what 引导的名词性从句及相关辨析【知识点解析】5.表示“”的地方：1)This is what they call Salt Lake City.这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。2)In 1492,Columbus reached what is now called America.1492年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。what 引导的名词性从句及相关辨析【知识点解析】that 引导的名词性从句：当that用作连接词，引导名词性从句时，可引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句，
8、与what 不同的是that在从句中既不充当任何成分，也无实际意义，仅起着连接句子的作用。一般不可省略（宾语从句除外）。若从句置于句子后面，必须用代词it作形式主语。例如：what 引导的名词性从句及相关辨析【知识点解析】1)It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey.她逐渐灰白的头发使她很担忧。(that引导主语从句)2)It is a fact that The Diaoyu Islands are sacred Chinese territory.钓鱼岛是中国神圣不可侵犯的领土是个事实。(that引导主语从句)3)Can you
9、 believe(that)in such a rich country there should be so many poor people?你能相信这个富裕的国家竟然有这么多穷人吗？(that引导宾语从句)4)Tom felt that he knew everybodys business better than they knew it themselves.汤姆觉得他比别人自己还要了解别人的事。(that引导宾语从句)what 引导的名词性从句及相关辨析【知识点解析】5)We heard the news that our team had won.我们听说我们队赢了。(that引
10、导同位语从句)6)Another problem is that good soil is gradually lost.另一个问题是我们的好油正在逐渐减少。(that引导表语从句)7)But the truth is that everyone should take care of disabled people,not just the government.但是事实是，不仅是政府，我们每一个人都应该关心残疾人。what 引导的名词性从句及相关辨析【知识点解析】辨析that与what引导名词性从句：that引导名词性从句只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，无意义，在宾语从句通常省略，但在
11、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中均不能省略；what除引导从句外，还在从句中作成分，意为“所的(东西)”，在含义上等于“名词+that”。请看例句：what 引导的名词性从句及相关辨析【知识点解析】1.用that的例子 That she lacks experience is obvious.她缺少经验，这是显然的。The police learned that he wasnt there at that time.警察获知他那时不在场。He realized that she too was exhausted.他意识到她也筋疲力尽。My idea is that you shouldnt
12、 have left the country.我的意见是你不应该离开那个国家。what 引导的名词性从句及相关辨析【知识点解析】Bob has the mistaken idea that tomorrow is a holiday.鲍勃错误地认为明天是一个假日。It was quite plain that he didnt want to come.很明显他不想来。It is natural that they should have different views.他们看法不同是很自然的。what 引导的名词性从句及相关辨析【知识点解析】2.用what的例子 What(=the thin
13、g that)he said was true.他所讲的是事实。What he had hoped at last came true.他希望的事终于成为现实。What he said is beneath contempt.他说的话不值一理。What he says is true,possibly.或许他说的是对的。What she saw gave her a fright.她看到的情况吓了她一跳。what 引导的名词性从句及相关辨析【知识点解析】What I want to say is this.我想说的是这一点。Im sorry for what I have said.我为我说的
14、话表示歉意。Thats what I want to know.这是我想知道的。You had better hear what I had said.你最好听听我的意见。I managed to get what I wanted.我设法得到了我要的东西。It was what he meant rather than what he said.这是他的原意而不是他的原话。what 引导的名词性从句及相关辨析【知识点解析】Theres something in what he says.他的话有些道理。Her interest was roused by what he said.他的话引起
15、了她的兴趣。He was always conscious of the fact that she did not approve of what he was doing.他一向清楚她不太赞成他的做法。what 引导的名词性从句及相关辨析【典型例题】1.After_ seemed a very long time,I opened my eyes and found myself in bed!A.what B.when C.that D.which 答案：A 解析：本题的名词性从句缺少一个主语，而选项中能引导主语从句且能在从句中作主语的只有 what,that 虽然能引导主语从句，却不能
16、充当任何成分，故此题选A.what 引导的名词性从句及相关辨析【典型例题】2.The tobacco which is used to make cigarettes was first grown in _ is now part of the United States.A.which B.that C.all D.what 答案：B 解析：本题考察宾语从句。所填的词要引导宾语从句，且能在宾语从句中作主语，故此题选B.what 引导的名词性从句及相关辨析【典型例题】3.No longer_ Tom the man _ he used to be.A.will;what B.was;what
17、 C.will;that D.is;that 答案：B 解析：本题考察表语从句和倒装。正确的语序应为：Tom no longer the man he used to be.根据语境可知时态应为一般过去时，故第一个空填was.第二个所填的词不仅要引导表语从句，还要在从句中作表语，故第二个空应填what,故此题选B.what 引导的名词性从句及相关辨析【典型例题】4.What has made China _ she is today?A.that B.what C.as D.which 答案：B 解析：本题考察表语从句。句意：是什么成就了中国的今天？所填的词应能引导跟在 made后的表语从句，
18、还要在从句中作表语，故此题选 B.what 引导的名词性从句及相关辨析【典型例题】5.The number of the students of the college has reached 8,000,twice _ it was when the college was opened ten years ago.A.what B.as much C.which D.that 答案：A 解析：本题考察表语从句。句意：这所学校的学生数已经达到了8000，是10年前建立得到俩倍。所填的词应能引导跟在twice后的表语从句，还要在从句中作表语，故此题选A.what 引导的名词性从句及相关辨析【典
19、型例题】6._ she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A.What;why B.That;what C.What;because D.Why;that 答案：A 解析：本题考察主语从句和表语从句。句意：她不能明白的是为什么越来越少的学生对她的课感兴趣。第一空所填的词应能引导主语从句，并在从句中作understand的宾语，应填what，第二个空所填的词应能引导表语从句，且有“为什么”的意思，应填why.故此题选A.what 引导的名词性从句及相关辨析【典型例题】7
20、.-“Is Mary from New York City?”-“I dont know _.”A.from what city does she come from B.from what city she come C.what city does she come from D.what city she comes from 答案：D 解析：本题考察宾语从句。句意：-玛丽是从纽约来的吗？-我不知道玛丽是从哪来的。所填的词应能引导跟在know后的宾语从句，并在从句中作come from的宾语，故此题选D.what 引导的名词性从句及相关辨析【典型例题】8.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.A.what B.that C.if D.for 答案：B 解析：本题考察同位语从句。句意：逐渐花白的头发使她很担忧。C.D.俩项不能引导同位语从句，故排除。What引导同位从句不需要借助it作形式主语，故排除A.故此题选B.
