1、选修性必修2Extended ReadingSports IdiomsEvery language has its idioms,which are groups of words with meanings different from the meanings of the individual words.Idioms make language more colourful and expressive.Since sport is an inseparable part of day-to-day life,there are lots of sports idioms that h
2、ave found their way into everyday language.Let s take a look at some of them!每一种语言都有习语，习语由词组构成，其蕴含的意义往往不能从词组中单个词的意思推测而得。习语使语言更加丰富多彩，富有表现力。由于体育是全球文化的重要组成部分，日常用语中已经出现了许多体育习语。让我们来看看其中的一些体育习语吧！find ones way into偶然来到,无意中处于【词块积累】make ones way to朝走去,想方设法进入fight ones way奋勇前进feel ones way摸索前进wind ones way蜿蜒前
3、行lose ones way迷路push ones way挤着前进lead ones way带头,领先Most of his plans _the wastepaper basket.他的大多数计划(最后)都到废纸篓里去了。In his opinion,this animal _other parts of the world and continues to survive even today.他认为这种动物迁徙到了世界上的其他地区,并一直存活至今。California,it should be noted,isnt _here.应该指出的是,加州在这方面并没有领先。found their
4、 way intomade its way toleading the wayIdioms make language more colourful and expressive.习语使语言更加丰富多彩,富有表现力。【句式解构】句中为make+宾语+宾语补足语结构,在此结构中可用作宾语补足语的有名词、代词、形容词、不带to的动词不定式、过去分词、介词短语等。(2020江苏高考)Studies show that a good sense of humor even _smarter.研究表明,良好的幽默感甚至会让你看起来更聪明。makes you seem在此结构中,make变为被动语态时,不
5、定式作主语的补足语要带to。(2020天津高考)My legs just werent made to run like his.我的腿就是不像他那样能跑。(2020全国卷)And thats what _.这就是为什么重读的行为如此丰富和具有变革性。(2020全国卷)Its this strange form that _such an attractive activity.正是这种奇怪的形式让竞走成为一项如此吸引人的活动。makes the act of rereading so rich and transformativemakes race walkingFootball 足球Fo
6、otball（or soccer,as it is called in the USA）is one of the most popular sports in the world and many countries have their own football leagues.The English language is full of idioms which are thought to have come from football.足球（football,美国称为soccer）是世界上最受欢迎的运动之一，许多国家都有自己的足球联赛。英语中有很多习语都被认为是源于足球。As yo
7、u know,in a football match,players try to kick or head the ball into the opposing team s goal,which is the net between two big goalposts fixed to the ground.Can you imagine that every time you have a chance to score,the goalposts are moved?That would be not only difficult,but also upsetting.你可能知道，在足
8、球比赛中，球员试图将球赐进对方的球门，球门是固定在地上的两个大 门柱之间的。你能想象，每当你有机会进球时，球门柱就被移动吗?这不仅很难做到，而且也是令人不快的。opposing adj.对抗的,相反的(教材原句)As you know,in a football match,players try to kick or head the ball into the opposing teams goal,which is the net between two big goalposts fixed to the ground.如你所知,在一场足球比赛中,球员们试图将球踢进或用头将球顶进对方的
9、球门。也就是固定在地上的两根粗大门柱之间的那张球门网。【词块积累】(1)oppose vt.反对;与对抗 oppose doing sth.反对做某事“反对做某事”还可以表达为:object to doing sth.;be against doing sth.等。(2)opposed adj.反对的;相反的 be opposed to(doing)sth.反对(做)某事(3)opposite prep.在对面adj.对面的;相反的;对立的adv.在对面n.对立面;对立的人be opposite to与相反;在对面 just the opposite恰恰相反Chinese Dictionary
10、 has included 239 of English words,leaving the public divided into two _groups:“For”and“Against”.汉语词典收录了239个英语词汇,这导致公众分成了两个对立的群体:“赞成”和“反对”。The majority of the residents would _the law.大多数居民反对修改这项法规。Dr.Muffett stressed that he _bullying in schools and that action would be taken to stamp it out.马费特博士强
11、调他反对学校里恃强凌弱的行为,并说将采取行动杜绝该现象。In China,people believe in the saying“out of debt,out of pressure”;however,in the West,it is just _.在中国,人们相信“无债一身轻”这句谚语;然而,在西方国家却正好相反。opposingoppose changingwas opposed tothe oppositeIf someone“moves the goalposts“in everyday life,it means they unfairly change the rules o
12、r requirements for something.An insurance salesman who is about to reach his annual sales target,only for the company to make the target higher,could rightly complain about the company moving the goalposts.如果有人在日常生活中“移动门柱，这意味着他们不公平地改变了某个过程的 规则或要求。一位保推铺员即将达到他的年度销售目标，但公司却把目标定得更高，那他就可以理由充分地抱怨公司是在“移动球门柱
13、”.【知识延伸】complain vi.&vt.抱怨,投诉(教材原句)An insurance salesman who is about to reach his annual sales target,only for the company to make the target higher,could rightly complain about the company moving the goalposts.如果一个保险销售员就快达到年度销售目标了,而公司却在这时提高了销售目标,那么他就可以正当地抱怨公司改变了规则。【词块积累】(1)complain that.抱怨 complai
14、n(to sb.)about/of sth.(向某人)抱怨某事(2)complaint n.抱怨;投诉 make a complaint against/about.对投诉The students began _about/of how the difficult task would be.学生们开始抱怨这项困难的任务。Funny _can wear people out.可笑的投诉会让人筋疲力尽。Id like to _the noise upstairs.我要就楼上的噪音问题提出投诉。complainingcomplaintsmake a complaint aboutThankfull
15、y,goalposts do not really movebut when a player scores an own goal,he or she might wish they did.Scoring an own goal”in football means accidentally kicking or heading the ball into one s own net,and it is one of the worst things that can happen to a football player.谢天谢地，足门柱并不会真正移动但当一名球员把球踢进自家的球门时，他/
16、她可能会希 望球门会移动就好了。在足球运动中，进乌龙球的意思是不小心把球踢进了自己方的球门，对足球运动员来说，这是最糟糕的事情之一。If someone makes a bad mistake which unintentionally harms their own interests,they are said to have scored an own goal.You might see this expression in the newspapers when the local council makes a decision which backfires terribly!如
17、果有人犯了一个严重的错 误，无意中损害了自己的利益，就被说成是“进乌龙球。如果地方议会做出了一个完全适得其反的决定时，你可能会在报纸上看到这种说法！unintentionally adv.无意地,非故意地【词块积累】(1)intention n.意图,目的,打算intentional adj.故意的;蓄意的;策划的intentionally adv.故意地,有意地(2)intend v.打算,想要,计划intend to do sth.打算做某事 had intended to do sth.本打算做某事be intended to do sth.目的是做某事be intended for为打
18、算或设计的Perhaps I misled you,but it was quite _(=I did not mean to).也许我误导了你,但那绝不是有意的。(2020全国卷)Using emojis can add humor and feeling,keeping _clear.使用表情符号可以增加幽默和感觉,保持意图清晰。Tom is in China and _his education here.汤姆在中国,并打算继续在这里接受教育。unintentionalintentionintends to continueBaseballBaseball is an old and p
19、opular sport that has given the English language many different idioms.You might have heard expressions like“in the ballpark or“a ballpark estimaten.The venue where a baseball game is played is called a ballpark.So,even if we do not know exactly where the ball is during the game,we can assume that i
20、t is somewhere in the ballpark.For this reason,people use the expression“in the ballpark or a ballpark estimate to talk about rough estimates.棒球棒球是一项古老而流行的运动，它给英语带来了许多不同的习语。你可能听过in the ballpark(在棒球场里)”或“a ballpark estimate（一个棒球场的估计）这样的表达。举行棒球比赛的场地叫作（ballpark）。所以，即使我们不知道球在比赛中的确切位置，我们也可以假设它在球场里的某个地方。因
21、此，商业人士使用短语“in the ballpark”或a ballpark estimate来谈论粗略的估计。Another common baseball expression is“throwing someone a curveball.Curveballs are balls that suddenly turn in the air;and these are of course difficult for the other team to handle.We use this expression to describe things that are unexpected a
22、nd difficult to respond to.Three strikes and you are out is another idiom that comes from baseball.还有一个常见的与棒球有关的短语是throwing someone a curve ball（给某人扔一个曲线球）。Curve balls（曲线球）是指在空中突然转向的球，这对敌队来说当然很难应对。我们用这个表达来描述出乎意料和难以回应的事情。“Three strikes and you are out（三振出局）是另一个来自棒球的习语。handle vt.处理,应付;控制,操纵 n.把手,拉手;柄(
23、经典例句)Being confident means knowing that you can handle the emotional outcome of whatever youll face.自信意味着知道你能处理好你将要面对的任何情绪后果。【词块积累】(1)handle oneself控制自己(的行为)handle well/badly容易/不容易操纵handle it=manage it 应付得了(2)get/have a handle on sb./sth.弄懂,理解,搞明白give sb.a handle(on sth.)弄懂,明白,理解fly off the handle冒火
24、;勃然大怒表示“处理”的表达cope with,deal with,do withMost customers were satisfied with the way their complaints _.大多数客人对自己投诉的受理方式感到满意。You have to know how to _in this business(=know the right way to behave).你必须知道在这件事上如何把握自己。Ive got to go.I cant _any more.我得走了。我已无计可施。What happened?Your boss seems to _.Didnt you
25、 know his secretary leaked the secret report to the press?发生什么了?你老板看起来勃然大怒。你难道不知道他的秘书把秘密报告泄露给新闻界了吗?were handledhandle yourselfhandle itfly off the handle【补偿训练】根据语境写出handle的意义The finance department handles all the accounts.()Some customers are quite difficult to handle.()We teach the children to hand
26、le the animals gently.()I didnt know if Id be able to handle such a large vehicle.()Then he turned the handle and went in.()处理应付抚摸驾驶;操纵把手6.respond to响应;回答;对做出反应*(2019天津高考)This one stranger responded beautifully to my small crisis,but she actually wasnt the only one.这个陌生人对我的小危机做出了漂亮的反应,但她其实不是唯一一个。*(2
27、020全国卷)Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better,why not offer yourself a compassionate response?与其纠结于你本可以做得更好,为什么不给自己一个同情的回应呢?【词块积累】(1)respond vi.回答;响应;做出反应(2)response n.回答;反应in response to 对做出反应make(a)response to 回答/响应;对做出反应Up to now,many participants _the appeals for funds.到
28、目前为止,许多参与者对筹集资金的呼吁做出了慷慨的响应。【语法填空】In _(respond),the mom kneels down to show how happy and thankful she feels.We were quite aware how you would respond _our request.We swung from side to side in response _the drivers sharp twists of the wheel.have made generous response toresponsetotoAs it suggests,in
29、 baseball this means that a batter（the person with the baseball bat in his or her hands）is out after making three unsuccessful attempts to hit the ball.This idiom is often us ed to talk about situations where people fail after wasting three chances.如其字面意思所示，三振出局是指在棒球运动中，击球手（手里拿着棒球球棒的人）连续三次都未击中球，就出局了
30、。这个习语经常用来形容你错失了三次机会的情况。BoxingEnglish also has a large number of idioms connected with boxing,which has been a popular sport for thousands of years.A boxer is not allowed to use his or her fists to hit the opponent below the waist.Hence comes the idiom“below the belt.In day-to-day life,if someone mak
31、es an unfair and cruel remark,we can describe it as“below the belt.拳击拳击是一项流行了几千年的运动，英语中也有很多与其有关的习语。拳击手不允许用拳头击打对手腰部以下的部位。因此就有了below the belt（做不公正、伤人的事）这一习语。在日常生活中，如果有人言论有失公平，过于残忍，我们可以用below the belt 来形容。cruel adj.刻毒伤人的;残酷的(2019全国卷)Matildas battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress,Mis
32、s Trunchbull,are equally funny and frightening,but theyre also aspirational.玛蒂尔达与她残忍的父母和专横的校长特伦奇布尔小姐的斗争同样有趣和可怕,但他们也有抱负。【词块积累】(1)be cruel to对残酷a cruel blow一大打击(2)cruelly adv.残酷地;非常cruelty n.残酷;残忍;残酷的行为I cant stand people who _animals.我无法容忍虐待动物的人。How can you stand by and see such _?你怎能对这样残酷的行为袖手旁观呢?Sh
33、e cant endure seeing animals _treated.她不能容忍看到动物受虐待。are cruel tocrueltycruelly8.remark n.谈论,言论vi.&vt.说起,评论(教材原句)In day-to-day life,if someone makes an unfair and cruel remark,we can describe it as“below the belt”.在日常生活中,如果有人发表了有失公允的刻薄评论,我们可以形容这种评论是“below the belt”。【词块积累】(1)remark on/upon谈论,评论,就发表意见re
34、mark that.谈起,说起(2)make a remark/remarks on/about.就发表评论(3)remarkable adj.显著的,非凡的,值得注意的be remarkable for以著称/引人瞩目Mr Millss encouraging _gave Vinnie confidence to make her request of President Lincoln.米尔斯先生鼓舞人心的话给了维尼向林肯总统提出请求的信心。People who own dogs often _what good company they are and what fun they hav
35、e together.拥有狗的那些人经常评论说狗是多么好的朋友,和它们一起有很多乐趣。(2021浙江高考)He showed us that even a single desire,never given up on,can make for a _life.他向我们展示了,即使是一个简单的愿望从不被放弃,也可以成就一个非凡的人生。remarkremark onremarkable“Throwing in the towel is another common idiom that comes from boxing.When a boxer is losing badly and is t
36、oo tired or confused to give up on his or her own,the coach will literally throw a towel into the ring to end the fight.In everyday life,this idiom simply means admitting defeat and giving up.Throw in the towelf 扔毛巾是另一个来自拳击的常见习语。如果一名拳击手输得很惨，并因为太累或神志不清而无法自己认输时，教练就会形式意义上往台上扔一条毛中来结束比赛。在日常生活中，这个习语就是指认输并
37、投降。Sport is challenging and so is life.However,when you are thrown a curveball,do not throw in the towel一work hard,be careful not to score an own goal,and you are sure to make it!运动是具有挑战性的，生活也一样。但是，当你接到一个曲线球时（遇到出人意料的事情(be thrown a curve ball)），不要认输(throw in the towel),努力，小心别闹乌龙(score an own goal),你一定能获得成功！
