1、Book 1 Unit 3 Discover useful structuresThe-ing form as the subject单 击 此 处 添 加 标 题In this class,you will1.recognize and summarize the function and meaning of the-ing form as the subject;2.use the-ing form as the subject to describe a place in writing.D i s c o v e r y单 击 此 处 添 加 标 题Lead-inHave you e
2、ver seen these signs?Smoking/Littering/Spitting is prohibited/banned.动词-ging作主语单 击 此 处 添 加 标 题Activity1 Identify the function of-ing formIdentify the function of the-ing form in the sentence below.1.Getting here is quite difficult.2.Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to b
3、e alive.作主语作主语作主语作主语1、概念动词ing是动词的一种非谓语形式，包括现在分词和动名词两种。.动名词的特点(1)动名词是从动词变化而来的,所以它保留了动词的某些特征,动名词不能单独作谓语,没有人称和数的变化,但可以有自己的宾语和状语,还有时态和语态的变化。(2)动名词最大的特点是它相当于一个名词,因此,动名词可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。语态语态时态时态主动主动被动被动肯定否定肯定否定一般式一般式doingnot doingbeing donenot being done完成时完成时having donenot having donehaving been donenot h
4、aving been done2、动名词的时态和语态Observe and discover 1Travelling is a good way to relax.Playing basketball makes our body strong.Listening,speaking,reading and writing _(be)basic skills of a language.are单 击 此 处 添 加 标 题1.I wake up to the sound of the wind buffeting the cloth of my tent.2.Even though the su
5、n is brightly shining,telling whether it is morning or night is impossible.3.This ice melted,leaving behind about 100 glaciers.4.Spreading out before me,branches of the Rapa River flow through the valley below.Find more sentences with the ing formActivity2 定语定语 主语主语 状语状语 状语状语单 击 此 处 添 加 标 题5.Getting
6、 here is quite difficult,so apart from the Sami very few people have ever seen Sarek.6.For hundreds of years,looking after reindeer was a way of life for the Sami.7.But every spring,a small number of Sami still follow their reindeer into the valleys of Sarek,living in tents or old cottages and enjoy
7、ing their traditions.主语主语 主语主语 状语状语单 击 此 处 添 加 标 题8.For example,this morning my breakfast is flat bread warmed over a fire,dried reindeer meat,and some sweet and sour berries that I found growing near my tent.9.Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive.10.Here I am,a
8、lone under this broad sky,breathing the fresh air,and enjoying this great adventure.状语状语 补语补语主语主语单 击 此 处 添 加 标 题 Activity 3 Summary:-ing form as subject1.1.直接放在句首，直接放在句首，表示经常的、习惯性表示经常的、习惯性的动作或状态，谓语动词用的动作或状态，谓语动词用单数单数。例句：例句：1)Walking is a good form of exercise for both the young and the old.散步对年轻人和老年
9、人都是一种很好的锻炼方式。散步对年轻人和老年人都是一种很好的锻炼方式。2)Watching news on TV has become a routine for me.3)Going to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours.4)Asking a womans age is impolite in our country.Observe and discover 3Playing video gamesa waste of time.isItisa waste of timeplaying video games.2.it在句首作形式主语，动词在句首
10、作形式主语，动词-ing形式后置作真正的主语，用形容词或名词作表语。形式后置作真正的主语，用形容词或名词作表语。It+be+a waste of time doing 做做是浪费时间的是浪费时间的 It is/was no good/use doing 做做是没用处的是没用处的 It is/was worthwhile doing 做做是值得的是值得的 There is no doing.无法无法;不允许不允许常常用用it作形式主语，作形式主语，v-ing形式形式作作真正真正主主语的句语的句型：型：1.说服他加入我们就是在浪费时间说服他加入我们就是在浪费时间。2.在这儿等是没用的在这儿等是没用
11、的,我们走吧。我们走吧。3.在教育上花钱是值得的。在教育上花钱是值得的。4.和不诚实的人交朋友是没有好处的。和不诚实的人交朋友是没有好处的。Its a waste of time persuading him to join us.Its no use waiting here.Lets go.It is worthwhile spending money on education.There is no good making friends with the dishonest men.动词动词-ing形式的否定形式通常是在其前加形式的否定形式通常是在其前加not1)Not knowing
12、 how to use a computer makes it more difficult for him to do his academic research.不知道如何使用电脑使他更难进行学术研究。不知道如何使用电脑使他更难进行学术研究。2)Not passing the exam made him disturbed.未通过考试使他烦恼。未通过考试使他烦恼。P r a c t i c e Practice2 Rewrite each of the following sentences using the-ing form as the subject.Example It is c
13、hallenging yet really fascinating to hike through the mountains in the pathless Sarek.To hike through the mountains in the pathless Sarek is challenging yet really fascinating.Hiking through the mountains in the pathless Sarek is challenging yet really fascinating.动名词与不定式作主语的区别动名词与不定式作主语的区别动名词作主语，表示
14、经常性，习惯性的行为，不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作。Practice2 Rewrite each of the following sentences using the-ing form as the subject.1)It is both challenging and rewarding to study abroad.To study abroad is both challenging and rewarding.Studying abroad is both challenging and rewarding.Practice 2)It would hardly be p
15、ossible to go on a hiking tour in Sarek in winter due to the extreme cold.To go on a hiking tour in Sarek in winter would hardly be possible due to the extreme cold.Going on a hiking tour in Sarek in winter would hardly be possible due to the extreme cold.Practice 3)Honestly,it can be both exciting
16、and terrifying to explore a vast unknown land.Honestly,to explore a vast unknown land can be both exciting and terrifying.Honestly,exploring a vast unknown land can be both exciting and terrifying.Practice 4)It is good to adopt a positive attitude,even when things are difficult.To dopt a positive at
17、titude is good,even when things are difficult.Adopting a positive attitude is good,even when things are difficult.5.It is strongly advised to hire local guides,because they can offer accurate knowledge of Sarek culture and history.Hiring local guides is strongly advised,because they can offer accura
18、te knowledge of Sarek culture and history.Page 29,Activity 2Summary it 作形式主语与动词ing形式作主语的区别？it 做形式主语、不定式后置时，句子侧重表语部分，强调行为的特征、状态和给人的感受；动词ing形式作主语时句子侧重于主语，强调行为本身的具体内容，使句子更加生动。3.Fill in each blank using the-ing form of a verb from the box and state its function.One word will be used bine/cover/grow/take
19、/limit/walk/experienceXixi National Wetland Park,_10 square kilometres in western Hangzhou,is the first national wetland park in China._ city life,nature,and wetlands makes the park a popular destination both for tourists and local residents.At Xixi,_a boat tour,_ along paths,and _ local customs and
20、 traditions of the villages in this park are at the top of the list of peoples favourite activities.With trees,bushes,and colourful flowers _ along the coveringCombiningtakingwalkingexperiencinggrowingbeauty in different seasons.In order to better develop as well as preserve this place,_ human impac
21、t on Xixi Wetland was considered by the park designers.All the new buildings were designed in a traditional way to fit into the natural environment.This green,watery world is home to many birds and fishes.With trees _in the shallows,the wetland is a natural system for providing clean water and produ
22、cing oxygen,which makes it the“green lungs of Hangzhou.limitinggrowing1.Combining city life,nature,and wetlands makes the park a popular destination both for tourists and local residents.2.At Xixi,taking a boat tour,walking along paths,and experiencing local customs and traditions of the villages in this park are at the top of the list of peoples favourite activities.3.In order to better develop as well as preserve this place,limiting human impact on Xixi Wetland was considered by the park designers.Find the sentences with the-ing form as the subject.
