1、Unit 4 Body languageUseful words and expressions选择性必修一1.Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up _$3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.2.The teacher told Gabriel that he had a good ear and suggested that Gabriel go into the music store-room to
2、see if any of the instruments there appealed _ him.3.They signed agreements_(ban)the use of chemical weapons.4.With few days of life left,he had to have his only son _(adopt).tobanningtoadopted5.We set out _(find)the truth behind the mystery.6.She was _(visible)in the dark room.7.A TV can be a real
3、_(bless)for old people.8.He was a quiet child who _(rare)cried.to findinvisibleblessingrarelyinteraction /ntrkn/n.C.&U.交流；相互影响交流；相互影响 social interaction 社会互动interaction with sb.与某人互动interact v.交流；相互影响归纳拓展词汇记忆佳句举例The more interactions the robot has with humans,the more it learns.(2015年天津卷)1.in our in
4、teractions with other people在我们与他人的相互交流在我们与他人的相互交流/影响中影响中p interaction with/between/among/ofpinteractive adj.相互交流、合作、影响的；互动的相互交流、合作、影响的；互动的 pinteractive leaching methods 互动教学方式互动教学方式1.Often the development groups have little _ common and no interaction _ one another.inwith2.Increased interaction _ d
5、ifferent police forces would improve the rate of solving crimes.3.Price is determined _ the interaction _ demand and supply.4.He is studying the way _ children interact _ each other at different ages.5.Dinnertime is a good time _ parents and children _(interact).betweenthroughof/betweenwithforto int
6、eract(that)2.the way people(that/in which)they hold their arms 人们握紧手臂的方式人们握紧手臂的方式3.vary from culture/person/area to culture/person/area 因文化、人、地区而异因文化、人、地区而异pvary (=differ)fromto 由由到到不同不同/变化变化pvary(=differ)in price/size/weight/color/shape 在在方面不同方面不同pvary with/according to/depending on(size/the season
7、/weather)伴随根据伴随根据而变化而变化vary vi.(varies,varied,varied,varying)pvary(widely/greatly/considerably/enormously/slightly)差异、变化很大、很小差异、变化很大、很小pa variety/diversity of.=varities of.各种各样的各种各样的pvarious/diverse adj.各种各样的各种各样的pvaried adj.各种各样的各种各样的(=many different kinds of,diverse);多变的多变的(=changeable)1.The land
8、varies _ height _ 700 metres above sea level _ over 2,000 meters and is home _ a great diversity of plants and animals.infromtoto2.Test scores _（各校不同）（各校不同）.3.The crucial thing is using body language in a way _ is appropriate to the culture you are in.4.He decided to change his job for _(vary)reason
9、s.vary from school to schoolthat/whichvariouspappropriately adv.合适地合适地,恰当地恰当地 pinappropriate adj.不合适的，不恰当的不合适的，不恰当的pbe appropriate to/for sb/sth 适合某人适合某人/某物某物 =be suitable for sb/sthpIt is appropriate(for sb)to do sth 做某事是合适的做某事是合适的pIt is appropriate that.是合适的是合适的pan appropriate time/place(for a pic
10、nic/to mention the matter)适合做某事的时间、地方适合做某事的时间、地方 =a suitable/right time/place(.)appropriate /prprit/adj.合适的；恰当的归纳拓展佳句举例be appropriate to/for 适合It is appropriate for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事是合适的appropriately adv.恰当的；合适的inappropriate adj.不恰当的；不合适的/for 适合His clothes were not appropriate for such a formal
11、occasion.The movies _(适合的适合的)all ages/young children.There may come a time when _ is appropriate to cut jobs.The government has been accused of not responding _(appropriate)to the needs of the homeless.Now that the problem has _(identify),appropriate action can _(take)._(是是完全适合的完全适合的)his music shoul
12、d be played at this festival.is appropriate for/toitappropriatelybeen identifiedIt is entirely appropriate thatbe taken5.For example,making eye contactlooking into someones eyesin some countries is a way to display interest.1)make/avoid/maitain eye contact(with sb)（与某人）进行、避免、保持（与某人）进行、避免、保持眼神交流眼神交流p
13、make/lose/keep in contact with sbp=get in/lose/keep in/stay in touch with sb 与某人取得、失去、保持联系与某人取得、失去、保持联系2)look into someones eyes 看着别人的眼睛看着别人的眼睛3)be a way to display interest 表现兴趣的一种方式表现兴趣的一种方式pdisplay vt.展示，陈列展示，陈列(to sb)(show,exhibit,showcase)显示，显露（情绪显示，显露（情绪,特性特性）(show)；显示（信息）显示（信息）(show)C 展览，展示展览
14、，展示,陈列（品）陈列（品）(exhibiton,exhibit)；表演；表演；（情绪，（情绪，特性）流露特性）流露(show,display,exhibition)p(be/sth)on display/show 正正在（被）展览（的）（表状在（被）展览（的）（表状态）态）pgo on display/show（开始）被展览（开始）被展览（表非延续性动作）（表非延续性动作）pput/place sth.on display/show（开始）展览（开始）展览/展出某物展出某物=(begin to)show(case)/display/exhibit sth（表非延续性动（表非延续性动作）作）p
15、put on a(super)firework(s)display 举行举行（精彩的）烟花表演（精彩的）烟花表演pbe treated to a(unique/impressive/fine.)display/exhibition of tennis/art 被邀请观看网球被邀请观看网球/艺术表演，大饱眼福艺术表演，大饱眼福pa display of affection/strength/wealth 爱爱/力量力量/财富的流露财富的流露/展示展示 The exhibition gives local artists an opportunity _(display)their work/ar
16、t talent.We _（对对.表现出极表现出极大兴趣）大兴趣）the exhibition when visiting the museum.We were treated to a _（精彩展示）（精彩展示）the footballers speed and skill.They always_(put on/go on)a huge public firework display _ National Day.Its the first time the paintings _ local young artists _(display)to the public.to display
17、displayed/showed great interest in super/fine display/exhibition ofbyhave been displayedput onon6.In other countries,by contrast,eye contact is not always approved of.相反，截然不同，形成反差相反，截然不同，形成反差/对照对照,.By comparison,in Bulgaria and southern Albania,the gestures have the opposite meaning.(Para.4,L3)比较而言比
18、较而言/起来起来.1)by/in contrast(to/with sb/sth.)（与（与.）形成反差）形成反差/对照对照,相反相反（作状语，句首、中、尾）（作状语，句首、中、尾）pby comparison(with sb/sth/)(与与)相比较相比较/比较起来比较起来（比较、相对而言）（比较、相对而言）=in comparison(with/to sb/sth)=(when/as)compared to/with 和和比比pbe beyond/without comparsion 与无伦比与无伦比 The coastal areas have mild winters,but _ th
19、e central plains become extremely cold._ the coastal area which/that have mild winters,the central plains become extremely cold._ London,Paris is small.My last job was so boring that this one seems great _.The birth rate for older women has declined,but _,births to teenage mothers have increased.By/
20、In contrast to/with by/in contrastby/in contrastBy/In comparison with by/in comparison 1.We would be pleased if you would approve our proposal.2.I approve of you trying to climb this mountain once again,but please be careful.approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过approve of 赞成；同意 approve of sb./sb.s doing sth.同意某
21、人做某事 approving adj.赞成的 approval n.认可；赞成；同意disapproving adj.不赞成的 disapproval n.不赞成；反对归纳拓展词汇记忆佳句举例 Her parents now _ her marriage I dont _ (his/him)smoking in bed.people who smoke in bed.people(s)smoking in bed.The professor made no comment about the speech,but gave an _ nod.nodded in _.nodeded at me
22、_.approve of approve of approving approval approvingly 7.are not socially permitted/allowed to make eye contact(with each other)（男女）社交上是不允许彼此目光交流的（男女）社交上是不允许彼此目光交流的8.In Japan,_ may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person.简单句，句中简单句，句中it为为_语，语，斜体字部分为动词不定式斜体字部分为动词不定式短语作短语作_语语,其
23、中其中when talking.为现在分词短语作为现在分词短语作to look down 的的时间状语时间状语pdemonstrate vt.展示展示/表现表现/表达表达/表露出表露出（能力（能力/品质品质/感情）感情）(an/ones ability/talent/commitment)(sth./wh-从句从句)(display,show)it 真正主真正主 形式主形式主 The contest gave her a chance to demonstrate her ability to win.9.In Japan,someone who witnesses another perso
24、n employing the gesture might think it means money.1)witness vt.亲眼看见（目睹，目击）亲眼看见（目睹，目击）(a crime/accident/)vt.经历经历,见证见证;是（某事）发生的时间、地点是（某事）发生的时间、地点 C目击者目击者 witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证 n.目击者；证人归纳拓展练习巩固be(a)witness to 是的目击者/见证人give witness(to sth.)为作证；证明1.He took the stand as the first _.2.I _(witness)how the
25、young couple got through the most difficult times in their life.3.The new Peoples Republic of China saw/witnessed Dr Lin Qiaozhi _(play)a key role.witness词汇记忆witnessedplayingemploy vt.使用；应用；雇用 归纳拓展employ sb.as/to do sth.雇某人当/做某事be employed in doing sth.忙于做某事employ oneself in(doing)sth.忙于做某事反义词：fire/
26、dismiss 解雇employment n.雇用，使用，工作，职业in employment out of employmentunemployment n.失业employer n.雇主employee n.雇员unemployed adj.失业的；没有工作的练习巩固1.The _(employ)warned the _(employ)to work hard or they would be fired.2._(employ)in an important conference,he has no time to go back home.employer词汇记忆employeesEmp
27、loyed 3)gesture C&U（手（手/头头/脸）姿势，脸）姿势，手势；手势；示意动作示意动作 v.打手势打手势 pmake a gesture/sign at sb(with a finger)对某人做个手势对某人做个手势p(shake ones head)in/with a guesture of(impatience)用（不耐烦的）姿势用（不耐烦的）姿势pgesture for/to sb to do sth 示意某人做某事示意某人做某事p=sign/signal to/for sb to do sthpgesture at/to/toward sb/sth 示意某人；示意某人；
28、指着某人、物指着某人、物pcommunicate by gesture 通过手势交流通过手势交流10.In France,a person encountering an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero.1)identical adj.相同的相同的pbe identical to/with sb/sth 与与.完全一样、相同完全一样、相同 =be the same as.pbe identical in sth.在某方面完全一样、相同在某方面完全一样、相同pthe identical(+n.)=exactly the sam
29、e.同一的同一的pidentically adv.相同地相同地1.This house is almost identical _ the one where I lived as a child.=This is _ identical house where I lived as child.2.The sisters were identical _ appearance and character.to/with in the identity n.身份，个性，特性，同一性，一致性identify v.认出，识别，发现，查明，确认，理解，认同，与.一致identification n.
30、辨认，确认，鉴定2)interpret.as.把把理解、解释、领会为理解、解释、领会为.p interpret for sb.替某人口头翻译，为某人解释替某人口头翻译，为某人解释p right to interpret 解释权解释权p put an(accurate)interpretation on sth.(精确的精确的)解释解释.=explain(the meaning of.)(accurately)p interpreter C 口译工作者；口译译员口译工作者；口译译员 His refusal _(work)late _（被理解为）（被理解为）a lack of commitment
31、 _ the company.11.However,you should avoid making this guesture in Brazil and Germany,as it is not considered polite.p avoid sb/sp/sth/doing sth 躲避躲避（某人）（某人），避开（某地、避开（某地、事、物）；避免，防止某事、做某事事、物）；避免，防止某事、做某事to work was/is interpreted as to pnarrowly avoid defeat/an accident/hitting the deer 险些被击败、出事、撞着那头
32、鹿险些被击败、出事、撞着那头鹿pavoid(speaking to)a stranger/(driving in)the centre of town/the rush hour 避开（跟）陌生人（说话）；避开（跟）陌生人（说话）；避避开城市中心开城市中心/高峰期高峰期（开车）（开车）He managed to avoid _(hit)by the other car._ _ _(avoid，miss)the last train,please check the last train times _(post/display)in stations.Neighbors should do a
33、ll they can _ _ _(avoid，disturb)other people.being hit To avoid missing posted/displayed to avoid disturbing 12.Even the gestures we use for“yes”and“no”differ around the world.pdiffer(widely/greatly/significantly)vi.（很大）不同（很大）不同/不不一样，有一样，有（很大）（很大）区别区别=be(very/significantly)differentpdiffer from.=be
34、different from.和和不同不同pdiffer in.=be different in.在在方面不同方面不同pdiffer between A and B 在在A和和B之间之间不同不同pdiffer/disagree with sb（on/about/over sth）在某事上和某人有分歧在某事上和某人有分歧/异议异议 I beg to differ.我不敢苟同我不敢苟同pmake a difference to sb/sth 对对有影响有影响/起作用起作用pdifferently adv.不同地不同地 Laws on pollution differ widely _ one co
35、untry to _/_ country _ country/_ the two countries.Humans differ _ other mammals(哺乳动物哺乳动物)_ their ability to speak.Since his retirement,Crowe has differed _ the President _ several issues.The twin brothers are alike/identical _ appearance but differ greatly _ character.from another from to from with
36、 on/about/over/as to in in in between 13.There are also differences _ _ we touch each other,_ close we stand to someone we are talking to,and _ we act when we meet or part.复合句，含有三个连接副词复合句，含有三个连接副词how引导的宾语从句。引导的宾语从句。However,on TV and the radio you will hear differences _ the way people speak.ppart (f
37、rom sb)离开（某人）离开（某人）,（与某人）分别（与某人）分别,分手分手,分居分居ppart sb(from sb)vt.把某人（与某人）分开，分离把某人（与某人）分开，分离pbe parted(from sb)（与某人）分开，分离（与某人）分开，分离（表示被动动（表示被动动作或状态）作或状态）in how how how in how=the way favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n.帮助；恩惠；赞同 归纳拓展ask/do sb.a favour=ask/do a favour of sb.帮某人的忙in favour of 支持；赞同in ones favour 对某人有
38、利owe ones a favour 欠某人的情show favour to sb 偏爱favourable adj.给人好印象的；赞同的；有利的favourite adj.最喜欢的 n.特别喜爱的人或事物 Of the two possible plans I favor the first.In some countries people favor staying together even though there is much more space.A mother mustnt favor one of her children more than the others.Hot
39、climate and plentiful rainfall favor the growth of plants.Could you do me a(n)(honor/favor)and turn off the light?Im all in favor of equal pay for equal work.He agrued in favour of a strike.=prefer =prefer =show favor to 偏爱偏爱 =are favourable to/for =completely support 完全支持完全支持 anger n.愤怒；怒气 vt.使生气；激
40、怒归纳拓展归纳拓展练习巩固练习巩固anger at sb./sth.因某人/某事而生气in anger 愤怒地anger sb.激怒某人angry adj.生气的；愤怒地be angry at/with sb.(about/for sth.)（因某事）对某人生气angrily adv.生气地；愤怒地angry1.He was _(anger)with her for breaking her promise.2.She just managed to hold back her _(angry).angerreliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的 归纳拓展a reliable product
41、 质量可靠的产品rely v.依靠；依赖rely on/upon=depend on/upon 依靠；依赖rely on/upon sb.to do sth.指望某人做某事rely on/upon it that 从句 指望/相信reliability n.可靠（性）reliably adv.可靠地；可信地reliable/rlabl/adj.可靠的；可信赖的词汇记忆练习巩固1.Tom is clever while Jack is honest and _(rely).2.You may rely on _ that she is sure to attend the meeting.3.I
42、 can always rely on you _(cheer)me up.reliableitto cheerbreak down 消除；分解；打破；（机器等）出故障；（谈判）失败归纳拓展break 用法n.破裂；间歇；休息；暂停；天亮；拂晓have/take a break 休息片刻at the break of day 拂晓时分without a break 不间断地v.(break-broke-broken)（使）破碎；违背；暂停；打断break the vase 打碎花瓶break ones promise 违背诺言break the silence 打破沉默break down 消
43、除；分解；打破；（机器等）出故障；（谈判）失败 归纳拓展break 常见短语break away from 逃脱break in 打断；插嘴；破门而入break into 破门而入；突然开始（笑、唱等）break off 折断；拒绝break out（火灾、战争等）突然爆发break through 突破；冲破break up（使）破碎；分解；驱散break down 消除；分解；打破；（机器等）出故障；（谈判）失败 练习巩固Write down the Chinese meanings of“break down”.1.Her health broke down under the pres
44、sure of work._2.Talks between the two sides have broken down._3.She made numerous efforts to break down color lines in public places._4.It takes a long time to break down prejudices,but we have to keep trying._5.Decomposers(分解物)break down dead animal and vegetable matter into nutrients._（身体）垮掉（谈判）失败
45、打破消除分解call on（短暂地）访问；要求（某人讲话等）；正式邀请归纳拓展call 用法n.叫喊声；通话；要求；号召；呼吁a call for help 呼喊声give a call/make a call 打电话v.（给打电话）召唤；大声叫喊；命名；召集call a meeting 召开会议call for help 大声呼救call on（短暂地）访问；要求（某人讲话等）；正式邀请 归纳拓展call back 回电话；再打电话call for 需要；需求；去（某处）接某人call off 取消；停止进行call up 打电话给；使人想起练习巩固1.I will take a walk
46、and then call _ some friends.2.If you need any help,call me _.3.She wants you to call her _ as soon as you come back.4.Sometimes situations call _ us to act strong and brave.onupbackforoccupy vt.占据；占用occupy sb.with doing sth./in doing sth.使某人忙于做某事occupation n.职业；占用occupied adj.忙于的；被占领的be occupied wi
47、th=be busy with 忙于做某事be occupied(in)doing sth.=be busy in doing sth.忙于做某事归纳拓展练习巩固1.The city _(occupy)by the enemy for three years.2.Please write down your name,age and _(occupy)on the application form.3.She occupied herself _ daily routine office task.has been occupiedoccupationwithstare vi.盯着看；凝视 n
48、.凝视With their chins on their hands,they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling.(P44)他们双手托着下巴，盯着窗外或抬头看天花板。原句复现佳句举例词义辨析We stare at our phones when we want to avoid eye contact.当我们想要避免眼神接触时，我们就会盯着自己的手机。stare at“盯着看”，指出于好奇、惊讶等原因长时间直视，常含粗鲁无礼之意。glare at“怒目而视”，指出于气愤或敌意而瞪着看。glan
49、ce at“一瞥”，意为匆忙中迅速看一眼。distinguish vt.&vi.区分；辨别distinguish(between)A and B 区分A和Bdistinguish A from B 把A和B区分开来distinguish between good and evil 分清善恶distinguish oneself as 作为出名/受人青睐distinguished adj.卓越的；显著的；杰出的归纳拓展distinguish vt.&vi.区分；辨别原句复现While it is easy to perceive when students are interested,bore
50、d,or distracted,it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.(P44)尽管学生们何时（对讲课）感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的，但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。佳句举例It was hard to distinguish one twin from the other.很难分辨出一对孪生儿谁是谁。perceive v.认为，理解，察觉，注意到，感知到ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧归纳拓展练习巩固1.He was _(shame)of cheating in the
