1、【 精品教育资源文库 】 Unit 2 Cloning .阅读理解 (20179 月浙江宁波十校联考 ) What is the nature of the scientific attitude,the attitude of the man or woman who studies and applies physics,biology,chemistry,geology,engineering,medicine or any other science? We all know that science plays an important role in our societies.
2、However,many people believe that our progress depends on two different aspects of science.The first aspect is the application of the machines,products and systems of knowledge that scientists and technologists develop.The second is the application of the special methods of thought and action that sc
3、ientists use in their work. What are these special methods of thinking and acting?First of all,it seems that a successful scientist is curious he wants to find out how and why the universe works.He usually pays attention to problems which he notices have no satisfying explanation,and looks for relat
4、ionships even if the data available seem to be unconnected.Moreover,he thinks he can improve the existing conditions and enjoys trying to solve the problems which this involves. He is a good observer,accurate,patient and objective and uses the facts he observes to the fullest.For example,trained obs
5、ervers obtain a very large amount of information about a star mainly from the accurate analysis of the simple lines that appear in a spectrum(光谱 ). He does not accept statements which are not based on the most complete evidence available.He rejects authority as the only basis for truth.Scientists al
6、ways check statements and make experiments carefully and objectively. Furthermore,he does not readily accept his own idea,since he knows that man is the least reliable of scientific instruments and that a number of factors tend to disturb objective investigation. Lastly,he is full of imagination sin
7、ce he often has to look for relationships in data which are not only complex but also frequently incomplete.Furthermore,he needs imagination if he wants to guess how processes work and how events take place. These seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scientist or technologist thinks and
8、 acts. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。社会的进步依赖于科技的进步和应用 ,科技的应用涉及两方面 ,一是科学家所研发的机器、产品和知识体系 ,二是科学家在研究中特别的思考和行为模式。本文主要介绍了科学家在科学研究中的思考和行为模式。 1.Which of the following statements about a curious scientist is WRONG? 【 精品教育资源文库 】 A.He focuses on the problems that have no reasonable explanations. B.He makes efforts to invest
9、igate potential connections. C.He is interested in condition-improving and problem-solving. D.He rejects authority as he believes himself to be the only reliable one. 答案 D 解析 细节理解题 。根据文章第三段可知 ,A、 B、 C 三项均为正确选项。根据第五、六段可知 ,科学家拒绝把权威作为事实的依据 ,而是以客观和公正的事实依据为基础 ,故 D 项错误。 2.According to the passage,a succes
10、sful scientist would . A.easily appreciate others research work B.easily believe in unchecked statements C.always accept authority as the only basis for truth D.always use evidence from observation to the fullest 答案 D 解析 细节理解题。根据第四段 “He is a good observer,accurate,patient and objective and uses the
11、facts he observes to the fullest.” 可知 ,D 项正确。 3.Which word can be used to describe the authors attitud e that a good scientist holds towards the scientific research? A.Objective and careful. B.Curious and casual. C.Cautious and arrogant. D.Subjective and down-to-earth. 答案 A 解析 细节理解题。根据第五段 “He reject
12、s authority as the only basis for truth.Scientists always check statements and make experiments carefully and objectively.” 可知 ,一名优秀科学家的态度是非常严谨和客观的 ,故选 A 项。 4.What does the passage mainly discuss? A.Key to a successful scientist. B.Scientists ways of thinking and acting. C.Progress in modern science
13、. D.Application of modern technology. 答案 B 解析 主旨大意题。根据最后一段 “These seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scientist or technologist thinks and acts.” 可知 ,文章主要谈了科学家的思考和行为模式 ,故选 B 项。 ? 导学号 29402157? .完形填空 Due to a car crash,Tony Smith,a 14-year-old boy became disabled.Doctors told him he had
14、 a 20 percent chance of 1 high school.Yet eight years later,Tony achieved the nearly 2 with the help of a man,50 years older than Tony. 【 精品教育资源文库 】 The families were not 3 the Greens had moved to the area just nine months earlier.But when Ernest Green,a(n) 4 worker,heard about Tonys accident and t
15、he fact 5 his parents would not be able to care full-time for their son,he offered to 6 the boy while they were at work.The Smiths 7 accepted.Tony,now 23,says it was hard for him to 8 then “how so meone I didnt know would drop everything to help me”. Ernest sought training to care for Tony and then
16、began arriving at the Smiths home early on 9 mornings.At first,the age difference was a challenge one like rap, 10 didnt.But they learned to 11 .“Older folks are just older versions of you,”says Tony. Some days were better than others.“He cant do for himself,so he can be 12 ,”says Ernest.But he admi
17、ts that Tonys strong will got him through 13 time. Tony graduated from high school with the rest of his class and was 14 to nearby High Point University.Ernest 15 him to every class.“The first year was interesting,”Ernest 16 .“Tony didnt want to stand out.”Ernest,on the other hand,says he took full
18、17 of the opportunity,taking notes and often 18 in class. On graduation day,Ernest received an honorary 19 in humanities(人文学科 ).“I was surprised,”he says. Tony wasnt 20 .“Ernest is a godly example of the way a man should live calm,and modest,”he says. Today the two friends dont see as muc h of each
19、other.But they will always have a relationship. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。 14 岁的 Tony 在一次车祸后成了残疾人 ,一位已经退休的邻居主动帮忙照顾 Tony,直到其大学毕业。两人不仅克服困难 ,迎接挑战 ,还成了彼此欣赏的好朋友。 1.A.choosing B.finishing C.joining D.leaving 答案 B 解析 根据文章开头可知 ,由于车祸 ,14 岁的 Tony 成了残疾人。根据下句中转折连词 “Yet” 可以推测 ,当时医生告诉他他只有 20%的可能性能完成高中学业。故选 B 项。 2.A.impossib
20、le B.possible C.useful D.useless 答案 A 解析 根据第五段第一句中的 “Tony graduated from high school with the rest of his class” 可推知 ,残疾后的 Tony 完成了几乎不可能的事 ,即完成高中学业。故选 A 项。 3.A.known B.prepared C.acquainted D.selected 【 精品教育资源文库 】 答案 C 解析 根据下文中的 “the Greens had move d to the area just nine months earlier” 可知 ,这两家并不
21、是很熟悉。 acquainted 意为 “ 熟悉的 ”, 符合语境。故选 C 项。 4.A.retired B.experienced C.appointed D.relaxed 答案 A 解析 上文提到 ,Tony 是在一个比他大 50 岁的人的帮助下做成了不可能做成的事 ,下文提到 ,Tony 的父母去上班时 Tony 由 Ernest 照顾 ;由此可推知 ,Ernest 是一位退休工人。故选 A 项。 5.A.what B.how C.that D.which 答案 C 解析 “the fact” 和后面的从句 “ 他的父母不能把全部时间都用来照顾他们的儿子 ” 之间是同位关系 ,从句成
22、分、意义均完整 ,因此用 that 引导这个同位语从句。故选 C 项。 6.A.look through B.look after C.look into D.look up 答案 B 解析 上文提到 ,Tony 的父母不能把全部时间都用来照顾他们的儿子 ,因此 Ernest 主动提出照顾这个男孩。故选 B 项。 7.A.generously B.curiously C.naturally D.gratefully 答案 D 解析 Ernest 主动提出帮忙照顾 Tony,因此 Smith 夫妇应该是很感激地接受。故选 D 项。 8.A.wonder B.understand C.realiz
23、e D.notice 答案 B 解析 此处是指现在 23 岁的 Tony 说 ,对于 14 岁的他来说很难理解为什么一位素不相识的人会放下自己的一切来帮助他。 understand 意为 “ 理解 ”, 符合语境。故选 B 项。 9.A.spring B.winter C.weekend D.weekday 答案 D 解析 根据第二段中的 “he offered to the boy while they were at work” 可知 ,Ernest 是在 Tony 的父母去上班时照顾他 ,也就是工作日。故选 D 项。 10.A.the other B.other C.another D.others 答案 A
