1、名词性从句Noun Clauses(名词性从句名词性从句)Subject Clause (主语从句主语从句)Appositive Clause（同位语从句）（同位语从句）Object Clause（宾语从句）（宾语从句）Predicative Clause（表语从句）（表语从句）Who will win the match is still unknown.I want to know what he has told you.The fact is that we have lost the game.The news that we won the game is exciting.主语从
2、句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句 名词性从句名词性从句的作用相当于名词，因此主语从的作用相当于名词，因此主语从句、表语从句句、表语从句 、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。同位语从句同位语从句Conjunctions of Noun ClausesConjunctions of Noun Clauses(引导名词性从句引导名词性从句的的引导词引导词):what,who,whom,whose,which,wh+everthat,whether,if ,as if/as thoughwhen,where,
3、how,why.主语从句主语从句1)That she left him hurts him so much.2)Whether it will please them is not easy to say.3)What we need is more practice.4)When we will begin the meeting is under discussion.*that 只起引导作用，不充当成分，但不能省略。只起引导作用，不充当成分，但不能省略。*whether 是否，在从句中不作成分，不能省略是否，在从句中不作成分，不能省略*what 在从句中作主语在从句中作主语*When 在
4、从句中作状语在从句中作状语 注意注意:由that 引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡,避免“头重脚轻”,常用 it 作形式主语,而把从句放在后面。1.That he will refuse this piece of advice is impossible.2.That they should like each other is natural.It is natural that they should like each other.It is impossible that he will refuse this piece of advice.常用句型常用句型:1)It is+n
5、.+从句 It is a pity/shame that.遗憾的是 It is a surprise that令人惊奇的是 It is a fact that 是事实 It is common knowledge that 是常识*_(很遗憾)we lost the match.*_(这是事实)he cheated in the exam.It is a pity thatIt is a fact that2)It is+adj.+从句 Its certain that 肯定 It is possible that.很可能 It is unlikely that.不可能 It is obvio
6、us that 很明显 It is necessary important natural.that*_(很可能)she will come back tomorrow.*_(很明显)this measure is effective.+(should)+doIt is possible thatIt is obvious that3)It+不及物动词+从句 It happened that.碰巧 It occurred to me that我突然想起*_(刚好)I came into the office at that time.*_(我突然想起)I forget to sent the
7、letter.It happened thatIt occurred to me that4)It+be+过去分词+从句 It is said that.据说 It is known to all that.众所周知 It is reported that.据报道 It is believed that.据信;人们相信 It is suggested that+(should）do.建议It must be admitted that必须承认 It cannot be denied that 不可否认 It must be pointed out that需指出的是*_(据报道)20 peop
8、le were killed in the accident.*_(建议)we should eat more vegetable and do more exercise.It is reported thatIt is suggested that1.I decided（that）I would go to the party.2.I dont know if/whether he will come back tomorrow.3.I want to know how it happened.4.He was listening to what the teacher said.宾语从句
9、宾语从句1.We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday.2.He has made it clear that he will not give in.注意：it常可以放在动词think,find,consider,believe,feel,make等后作为形式宾语,真正的宾语-that从句则放在句尾.*_(我们觉得很奇怪)she didnt go to school today.We think it strange that常见的系动词分为三种：常见的系动词分为三种：A表示特征和状态：be,look,sound,t
10、aste,smell,seem,appear等 B表示由一类状态转为另一类状态：get,become,grow,turn,fall,go,come,run等C表示某种状态的：remain,keep,prove,rest,continue,stay等三三.表语从句表语从句1.The trouble is(that)I have lost his address.2.The question is whether they will be able to help us.3.That is what he has done.4.The problem remains how to get some
11、 financial support.4.同位语从句同位语从句 同位语从句是对与其同位的名词作进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。大多数同位语从句由从属连词that(whether,how,when,where,why)引导（不能省略）,常跟以下抽象名词后,fact/news/idea/reason/hope/belief/truth/dream/problem/advice/suggestion/thought/order/doubt/answer/reply 1.They are familiar with the opinion that all matter consists of ato
12、ms.2.Where did you get the idea that I could not come.3.He often asks me this question when Tom will come back from American.1.The news that our team has won the game was true.*(同位语从句同位语从句,补充说明补充说明news到底是一个什么消息，到底是一个什么消息，that虽不作成分虽不作成分,但不能省略但不能省略)2.The news that he told me yesterday was true.*(定语从句定
13、语从句,起修饰作用，说明到底是哪一个消息，起修饰作用，说明到底是哪一个消息，that在从句中作在从句中作told的宾语的宾语,可以省略可以省略)注意：同位语从句与定语从句区别注意：同位语从句与定语从句区别注意注意1：that/what的辨用的辨用1._ he wants is a book.2._ he wants to go there is obvious.3.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.4.He told us _ he felt ill.5.The result is _ we won the game.6.Th
14、is is _ we want to know.7.I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.8.The fact_ she works hard is well known to us all.WhatThatwhatwhatwhat（that）（that）thatRules1.that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用连接作用2.what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。注意注意2：whether与与if
15、的辨用的辨用1.Whether it is true remains a problem.2.It remains a problem whether/if it is true.3.It depends on whether we have got enough money.4.I didnt know whether to laugh or to cry.5.I dont know whether/if it is right or not.Rules1.在前置的主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中，在前置的主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中，只能只能用用whether；2.在有形式主语在有形式
16、主语it，其后为真正的主语从句中，其后为真正的主语从句中，whether/if 都可以用；都可以用；3在在vt.后的宾语从句中，后的宾语从句中，whether/if 均可；均可；4.跟在跟在discuss后的宾语从句只用后的宾语从句只用whether 5.与与 or not 或或 to do连用时连用时，只用，只用whether 6.介词后面的宾语从句中只用介词后面的宾语从句中只用whether找出各句中的从句，指出是何种从句，并翻找出各句中的从句，指出是何种从句，并翻译成汉语译成汉语1.I dont know if I can do it.2.What he is doing seems v
17、ery difficult.3.The important thing is how we can improve our studies.4.Mr Li always thinks of how he can do more for the people.5.The news that she was pretending to be sick was whispered from one to another.6.Thats what you are going to do first.7.Itll be decided at the class meeting who is to be
18、the monitor of our class.8.When the sports meet is to be held is still under discussion.9.I was surprised at what he said.10.He gave me the news that some Americans will visit our school tomorrow.Practice timeif/whether1.I asked her _ she had a bike.2.I dont know _ he is well or not.3._ we will hold
19、 a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.4.It hasnt been decided_ we shall attend the meeting.5.Were worried about _ he is safe.6.The question is _ he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8.I dont know _ to go or to stay at home.whe
20、ther/if whetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether/ifTranslate these sentences into English using noun clauses.1.这是我们所想要的东西。This is what we want.2.我认为你是对的。I think you are right.3.我想知道他是否能帮助我。Id like to know whether he can help me or not.4.天气不是昨天那样了。The weather is not what it was yesterday.5.问题是我们怎么能完成任务。The problem is how we can finish the task.
