1、 所谓非谓语动词,是指动词不定式、动名词和分词,在句中不能作谓语。考点一:动词不定式考点一:动词不定式考点二:动名词考点二:动名词考点三:分词考点三:分词考点四:辨析考点四:辨析1.动词不定式的构成:肯定:to+动词原形 否定:not to+动词原形2.常见的后面接不定式作宾语的及物动词有:want,like,love,hate,decide,hope,wish,need,agree,begin,learn,forget,help,manage,plan,prefer,pretend,try,wait,afford,start,would like 如:I want to go abroad
2、for further study.We all agree to put off the basketball match.The little boy pretended to be sleeping when his mother came in.3.某些动词在其宾语之后还可以接不定式构成宾语补足语。这些动词包括:want,like,wish,ask,tell,get,teach,invite,warn,allow,encourage 如:I wish you to enjoy a happy life.They invited us to attend their wedding.My
3、 teacher encouraged me to realize my dream.注意:注意:“hope sb.to do sth.”是错误的表达,“hope that+句子”和“hope to do sth.”才是正确的表达。4.一些使役动词(如make,have,let)以及表示感官的动词(如see,watch,notice,look at,hear,listen to)后面接不带to 的不定式构成宾语补足语。如:My mother made me learn another foreign language.I heard them sing in the next room.注意:
4、注意:当这些动词变成被动语态时就要用带to 的不定式。除此之外,初中阶段所学的后面接不带to 的不定式的习惯用法还有had better do,why not do,“would rather do sth.than do sth.”,“would you please do ”,help 后面接的不定式可带to,也可不带to。5.动词不定式作主语或宾语时经常用it作形式主语或形式宾语,常见的句型有:(1)Its+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.如:Its difficult for me to read your writing.(2)Its+adj.+of sb.+to do
5、 sth.如:Its kind of you to invite me.(3)think /find it+adj.+to do sth.如:I find it boring to read the same book several times.(4)It takes sb.+some time /some money+to do sth.如:It took me two days to finish reading this book.(5)Its too+adj.+to do sth.如:Its too difficult to travel alone.(6)Its+adj./adv.
6、enough+to do sth.如:Its exciting enough to travel alone.(7)疑问词+to do sth.what to do/how to do sth./when to do sth./where to do sth./why to do sth.如:Do you know how to make a card?Ive no idea when and where to meet.1.动名词作主语。如:Reading aloud is very helpful.Collecting stamps is interesting.注意:注意:当动名词短语作
7、主语时常用it作形式主语。如:Its no use quarrelling.2.动名词作表语。如:In the ant city,the queens job is laying eggs.3.有些动词及短语后面常接动名词作宾语。这样的词有:enjoy,finish,suggest,avoid,excuse,imagine,keep,miss,consider,admit,deny,mind,practise,be busy,be worth,feel like,cant help,think of,dream of,be interested in,prevent from,keep fro
8、m,stop from,protect from,spend (in),succeed in,be good at,do well in,give up,be used to,look forward to,pay attention to,feel like 如:I dont mind being alone at home at weekends.Nobody can avoid making mistakes.4.动名词作定语。如:He cant walk without a walking stick.Is there a swimming pool in your school?分词
9、在句中可以作定语、状语、表语和补语。1.过去分词通常指“感觉”,现在分词通常指“令人”。这样的词有:interested/interesting,excited/exciting,surprised/surprising,bored/boring,amazed/amazing,amused/amusing,developed/developing如:The film is so exciting that I feel excited.I am interested in the interesting book.现在分词和过去分词作定语时在时间上的差别,现在分词表示正在进行的动作,过去分词表
10、示已经完成的动作。如:developing country the developed country the falling leaves the fallen leaves 3.表示知觉的动词(如see,watch,notice,hear,feel)的后面也可以接现在分词作补语,表示动作正在进行着,试比较以下句子:I saw the little boy cross the street.I saw the little boy crossing the street.I heard them sing next door.I heard them singing next door.有些
11、词后面既可以接动词不定式又可以接动名词,但意义有区别。这样的词有:remember doing sth.记住做了某事 remember to do sth.记得去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做了某事 forget to do sth.忘记去做某事 stop doing sth.停止做某事 stop to do sth.停下来去做某事 go on doing sth.继续做某事 go on to do sth.继续去做另外一件事 如:Tom looked quite tired.His teacher asked him to stop running.So he stopped to drink some water.巩固训练内容,请点击此链接巩固训练内容,请点击此链接