1、Unit 4Space ExplorationReading and Thinking.根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词1.take _(宇航员宇航员)farther into space2.the selection _(步骤步骤)3._(精神的精神的)and physical training4.be _(聪明的聪明的)enough to get a college degree5.escape Earths _(重力重力)astronautprocedurementalintelligentgravity6.make _(工具工具)to carry peo
2、ple7._(决定决定)to be a explorer8.many other _(卫星卫星)made by man9._(发射发射)the satellite10._(沿轨道运行沿轨道运行)around the Earth11.Americas NASA space _(专属机构专属机构)vehiclesdeterminesatelliteslaunchorbitagency12.transmit _(数据数据)13.make everyone _(失望的失望的)14.the _(欲望欲望)to explore the universe15.offer some true _(独立的独立的
3、)advice16._(标志着标志着)the progress of mankinddatadisappointeddesireindependentsignal.选词填空选词填空focus on,carry on,in the hope of,be determined to,dock with,lead to,on board,make progress1.People believe in the importance of _space exploration.2.There are lots of astronauts from different countries _.carry
4、ing onon board3.Mankind is exploring the space _finding out more about the universe.4.It can _ an accident that kills everyone on the large aircraft.5.However,some scientists _ help humans realize their dream.in the hope oflead toare determined to6.China launched the Tiangong 2 space lab into space
5、and Tianzhou 1 to _it.7.Chinas space programme started late,but it has _in a short time.8.At that time the USSR _sending people into space.dock withmade progressfocused on.文本整体理解文本整体理解:理清文章架构理清文章架构.文本细节理解文本细节理解:探寻语篇细节信息探寻语篇细节信息1.Which satellite was launched by the USSR in 1957?A.Shenzhou 5.B.the Spu
6、tnik 1.C.Voyager 1.D.the USSRs Soyuz 11.2.Who was the first person in the world to go into space?A.Yang Liwei.B.Neil Armstrong.C.Yuri Gagarin.D.Liu Yang.3.Who was the first man to orbit Earth in Shenzhou 5 spacecraft?A.Yang Liwei.B.Zhai Zhigang.C.Fei Junlong.D.Jing Haipeng.4.In which satellites all
7、the astronauts died during their missions?A.The USSRs Soyuz 11 and Americas Challenger.B.Change 4 and Jade Rabbit.C.Challenger and Voyager 1.D.Shenzhou 5 and Shenzhou 6.5.Whats the attitude to the space exploration according to the author?A.Supportive.B.Neutral.C.Objective.D.Negative.答案答案:15.BCAAA.文
8、本素养提升文本素养提升:阅读技能综合运用阅读技能综合运用1.根据课文语境与语句知识细致解构语句。根据课文语境与语句知识细致解构语句。译文译文:_,人们总是希望更多地了解太空人们总是希望更多地了解太空,_。仰望星空仰望星空科学家们科学家们也努力工作来找到答案也努力工作来找到答案2.根据课文完成短文根据课文完成短文People have always wanted to learn more about space.Before the mid-20th century,most people felt(1)_(travel)into space was an impossible dream.H
9、owever,(2)_ the help of scientists,people succeeded in realizing their dream(3)_travellingwithto explore(explore)space.On 4 October 1957,the Sputnik 1 satellite(4)_(launch)by the USSR.(5)_ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong,accidents can still happen.These disasters made everyone(6)_(dis
10、appoint),but people still believe in the importance of(7)_(carry)on space exploration.In 2003,was launchedAlthough/ThoughdisappointedcarryingChina became the third country to(8)_(independent)send humans into space.Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed(9)_ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewal
11、k.In spite of the difficulties,scientists hope future(10)_(discovery)will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.independentlyadiscoveries3.阅读主题活动阅读主题活动(1)What do you think of the space exploration?_ I think it is of great benefit for us.Through f
12、urtherstudy of space,people will make full use of it in thefuture.(2)If you are determined to be an astronaut,what should you prepare at present?_ First of all,I should study hard to get a relatedcollege degree.Besides,I must keep mental andphysical healthy.【阅读微技巧【阅读微技巧】迅速浏迅速浏览文章览文章,抓住关抓住关键词键词,理清论理清
13、论点和论点和论据据找出段落中支持找出段落中支持topic sentence的的detailed words,从而总结出段落大意。如时间标志词从而总结出段落大意。如时间标志词:on 4 October 1957,on 12 April 1961,on 20 July 1969关注每一段中能够表现出对探索太空抱有坚关注每一段中能够表现出对探索太空抱有坚定信心和意愿的词汇和语句定信心和意愿的词汇和语句,如如:be determined to do,believe in,carry on等等,从而从而总结出作者的观点和立场总结出作者的观点和立场1.determine vt.查明查明;确定确定;决定决定
14、*My aim was first of all to determine what I should do next.我的目标首先是要确定自己下一步该做什么。我的目标首先是要确定自己下一步该做什么。*(2019天津高考天津高考)Driven by heaven-knows-what motives,he determines to write a book.在天知道什么动机的驱使下在天知道什么动机的驱使下,他决定写一本书。他决定写一本书。*His enemies are determined to ruin him.他的敌人决意要毁了他。他的敌人决意要毁了他。【语块积累【语块积累】(1)de
15、termine to do sth.决心做某事决心做某事(2)determined adj.有决心的有决心的,意志坚定的意志坚定的be determined to do sth.下定决心做某事下定决心做某事be determined that.决心决心(3)determination n.决定决定,确定确定【易混辨析【易混辨析】determinedecideresolvesettle(1)determine 指经过深思熟虑指经过深思熟虑,决心去做某事并坚持决心去做某事并坚持施行。施行。*No matter what you determine to do,I would side with y
16、ou.不管你决定做什么不管你决定做什么,我都会支持你。我都会支持你。(2)decide侧重指经过思考、比较、讨论或询问之后做侧重指经过思考、比较、讨论或询问之后做出的决定。出的决定。*Whatever we decide to do in the school must be good for the students first.我们在学校里决定要做的任何事我们在学校里决定要做的任何事情情,都要首先有益于学生。都要首先有益于学生。(3)resolve 语气较强语气较强,强调以坚定不移的信念去做或不强调以坚定不移的信念去做或不做某事做某事,暗含有远大抱负和坚强决心。暗含有远大抱负和坚强决心。*
17、Let us resolve to do all we can to contribute to a safer environment for journalists and a freer society for all.让我们竭尽所能让我们竭尽所能,为记者营造一个更安全的环境为记者营造一个更安全的环境,让所让所有人拥有一个更自由的社会。有人拥有一个更自由的社会。(4)settle指排除犹豫、怀疑和争论之后做出明确的最指排除犹豫、怀疑和争论之后做出明确的最终结论。终结论。*We havent settled how to get there.我们还没有决定如何到达那里。我们还没有决定如何到
18、达那里。【即学活用【即学活用】(1)用用determine的适当形式填空的适当形式填空The outcome of this election will be _ by the votes and by the law.Everyone concerned acted with great courage and _.We are _ to rescue his two countrymen.determineddeterminationdetermined(2)(2019天津高考天津高考)We _ourtraining should keep pace with the current de
19、velopment in education.我们下定决心我们下定决心,我们的培训应该跟上当下教育的发展。我们的培训应该跟上当下教育的发展。世纪金榜导学号世纪金榜导学号are determined that2.disappointed adj.失望的失望的;沮丧的沮丧的*(2018全国卷全国卷)The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down.城市里挤满了失望的人们城市里挤满了失望的人们,他们不想在这里定居。他们不想在这里定居。*Adamski says he was very dis
20、appointed with the mayors decision.阿达姆斯基说他对市长的决定非常阿达姆斯基说他对市长的决定非常失望。失望。*I am disappointed in myself when I think of how much time Ive wasted.当想到我浪费了多少时间时当想到我浪费了多少时间时,我对自己感到失望。我对自己感到失望。*You must be disappointed at losing the chance.失去这次机会失去这次机会,你肯定很失望。你肯定很失望。【语块积累【语块积累】(1)be disappointed at 对对失望失望be
21、disappointed in sb.对某人感到失望对某人感到失望(2)disappoint vt.使失望使失望(3)disappointment n.失望失望;沮丧沮丧to ones disappointment 令某人失望的是令某人失望的是(4)disappointing adj.令人失望的令人失望的;令人扫兴的令人扫兴的【知识延伸【知识延伸】(1)现在分词作形容词时通常具有主动关系现在分词作形容词时通常具有主动关系,多形容客观事物多形容客观事物体现在外的性质体现在外的性质,其修饰对象往往是物其修饰对象往往是物,其意思是其意思是:令人令人的。的。(2)过去分词作形容词时往往具有被动关系过去
22、分词作形容词时往往具有被动关系,多形容人或物的多形容人或物的情绪或感受情绪或感受,其意思是其意思是:感到感到。Thank you for sharing this inspiring story with us.感谢您与我们分享这个令人鼓舞的故事。感谢您与我们分享这个令人鼓舞的故事。After a conversation with him one would feel inspired and warm at heart.经过与他的一番交谈经过与他的一番交谈,人们能感受人们能感受到发自心底的鼓舞与温暖。到发自心底的鼓舞与温暖。【即学活用【即学活用】语法填空语法填空(1)To my _(dis
23、appoint),they refused my request.(2)We were all disappointed _ the news that our picnic was cancelled because of the rain.(3)My parents will be disappointed _ me if I fail to get the master degree.disappointmentatin(4)The author feels _(disappoint)about the solutions to problem of robocalls.disappoi
24、nted3.desire n.渴望渴望;欲望欲望 vt.渴望渴望;期望期望*(2019江苏高考江苏高考)If you desire physical activities,you can choose activities from swimming to horse riding.如果你想参加体育运动如果你想参加体育运动,你可以选择从游泳到骑马等你可以选择从游泳到骑马等活动。活动。*They desire to help those who are in need of help.他们渴望帮助那些需要帮助的人。他们渴望帮助那些需要帮助的人。*She desires him to solve
25、this problem.她渴望他能解决这个问题。她渴望他能解决这个问题。*She desires that he(should)stay with her.她渴望他跟她待在一起。她渴望他跟她待在一起。*Do you have an intense desire for truth and honesty?你是否对真相、诚实有极强的渴望你是否对真相、诚实有极强的渴望?【语块积累【语块积累】(1)desire to do 渴望做渴望做desire sb.to do希望某人做希望某人做desire that.希望希望(从句中用从句中用should do结构结构,should可以省略可以省略)(2)
26、a desire for sth.渴望渴望(3)desirable adj.令人满意的令人满意的;值得要的值得要的desired adj.渴望的渴望的;想得到的想得到的【即学活用【即学活用】(1)She has _success.她渴望成功。她渴望成功。(2)The people expressed their desire that the war _soon.人民表达了早日结束战争的愿望。人民表达了早日结束战争的愿望。a desire forshould come to an end(3)What they did achieved _.他们所做的取得了预期的效果。他们所做的取得了预期的效
27、果。the desired effect4.lack n.缺乏缺乏;短缺短缺vt.没有没有;缺乏缺乏*(2019全国卷全国卷)This is what motivation or the lack of it can do.这就是动机或缺乏动机所能做到的。这就是动机或缺乏动机所能做到的。*Despite his lack of experience,he got the job.尽管缺乏经验尽管缺乏经验,他还是得到了那份工作。他还是得到了那份工作。*The charges were dropped for lack of evidence.由于缺少证据由于缺少证据,起诉被撤销了。起诉被撤销了。
28、*I think you lack in the power of decision.我认为你缺乏决断力。我认为你缺乏决断力。【语块积累【语块积累】(1)(a)lack of 没有没有,缺乏缺乏;不足不足,不够不够for lack of 因缺乏因缺乏;因缺少因缺少;因没有因没有lack in=be lacking in缺少缺少(2)lacking adj.缺乏的缺乏的;没有的没有的;不足的不足的【名师点津【名师点津】lack作及物动词时作及物动词时,不能用于被动语态。形容词不能用于被动语态。形容词lacking不用于名词前。不用于名词前。【即学活用【即学活用】(1)He _courage to
29、 do the work.他缺乏做那项工作的勇气。他缺乏做那项工作的勇气。(2)_could put the birds health at risk.缺乏睡眠会危害鸟的健康。缺乏睡眠会危害鸟的健康。(3)They did not close _customers.他们不是因为缺少顾客才关门的。他们不是因为缺少顾客才关门的。is lacking inLack of sleepfor lack of5.On 12 April 1961,Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space.1961年年4月月12日日,
30、尤里尤里加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。【句式解构【句式解构】本句中本句中the+序数词序数词+n.+to do 表示第几个做某事表示第几个做某事的的。不定式所修饰的名词或代词前面常有。不定式所修饰的名词或代词前面常有only,first,last,next或序数词、形容词最高级等修饰。或序数词、形容词最高级等修饰。*I am always the first person to get to the office.我总是第一个到达办公室的人。我总是第一个到达办公室的人。*He is always the first to come and the la
31、st to leave.他总是第一个来他总是第一个来,最后一个走。最后一个走。【即学活用【即学活用】(1)He is the best person _.他是出国的最佳人选。他是出国的最佳人选。(2)She is the only woman _the key university.她是唯一被这所重点大学录取的女性。她是唯一被这所重点大学录取的女性。to go abroadto be admitted into6.These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed,but the desire to explore the universe n
32、ever died.这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望,但但探索宇宙的欲望从未消失。探索宇宙的欲望从未消失。【句式解构【句式解构】(1)句中句中made everyone sad and disappointed是是make的的复合结构复合结构,即即make+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语;其中形容词其中形容词sad and disappointed作宾语补足语。作宾语补足语。(2)make的复合结构如下的复合结构如下:make sb.do sth.使使/让某人做某事让某人做某事*Our English teacher often makes us retell
33、the texts.我们的英语老师经常让我们复述课文。我们的英语老师经常让我们复述课文。make sb./sth.done(过去分词过去分词)使某人或某事使某人或某事被被常用于常用于make oneself known/heard/understood.*Its too noisy.I cant make my voice heard.太吵了太吵了,我不能让别人听到我的声音。我不能让别人听到我的声音。make sb./sth.doing使某人或某事一直做使某人或某事一直做*He makes the boy standing there all the time.他让那个男孩一直站在那儿。他让那
34、个男孩一直站在那儿。make+sb./sth.+adj.使某人或某事使某人或某事(变得变得)*She knew that these solutions were not going to make me happy.她知道这些解决办法不会让我高兴。她知道这些解决办法不会让我高兴。make+sb./sth.+n.让某人或某物成为让某人或某物成为*They all want to make Jim their monitor.他们都想让吉姆当班长。他们都想让吉姆当班长。【即学活用【即学活用】(1)语法填空语法填空She fears more guns on the streets will ma
35、ke things _(bad).He raised his voice in order to make himself _(understand).worseunderstood(2)Mary tried to _(留我们吃晚留我们吃晚饭饭).(3)He believes that the system will _ _(让他成为一名更好的医生让他成为一名更好的医生).make us stay for suppermake him a betterdoctor【要点拾遗【要点拾遗】1.launch vt.&n.发射发射;发起发起;上市上市*NASA plans to launch a sa
36、tellite to study cosmic rays.美国国家航空航天局计划发射一颗卫星来研究宇宙射美国国家航空航天局计划发射一颗卫星来研究宇宙射线。线。*They launched a campaign to restore law and order.他们发起了一项恢复法律和秩序的运动。他们发起了一项恢复法律和秩序的运动。*It is time I launched out on my own.到了我自己创业的时候了。到了我自己创业的时候了。*He launched into a lengthy account of his career.他开始啰啰嗦嗦地讲述自己的工作经历。他开始啰啰
37、嗦嗦地讲述自己的工作经历。*The police have launched an investigation into the incident.警察已经开始对此事件进行调查。警察已经开始对此事件进行调查。【语块积累【语块积累】launch vehicle运载火箭运载火箭product launch产品发布产品发布launch pad发射台发射台launch site发射场发射场;发射区发射区launch date 下水日期下水日期;发行日期发行日期;上市日期上市日期launch into sth.开始做开始做,投入投入launch out into sth.开始从事开始从事,投身于投身于【
38、即学活用【即学活用】(1)用用launch的适当形式填空的适当形式填空The government _an advertising campaign to encourage people to vote.When _,the Macintosh was the smallest desktop computer ever produced.has launchedlaunched(2)Harrigan launched into a speech about theimportance of new projects.译译:_哈里根发表了关于新项目重要性的演讲。哈里根发表了关于新项目重要性的
39、演讲。2.carry on 继续做继续做,坚持干坚持干*The assistant carried on talking.那个助理接着谈了下去。那个助理接着谈了下去。*Her bravery has given him the will to carry on with his life and his work.她的勇气给予了他继续生活和工作下去的意愿。她的勇气给予了他继续生活和工作下去的意愿。*We would rather carry on this experiment than give it up.我们宁可把这项实验进行下去我们宁可把这项实验进行下去,也不愿放弃它。也不愿放弃它。【
40、语块积累【语块积累】carry out进行进行,开展开展,执行执行(计划、命令计划、命令)carry through 完成完成;把把进行到底进行到底;使人渡过难使人渡过难关关carry sb.back 使回想起使回想起;回忆起回忆起carry off拿走拿走;夺走夺走【即学活用【即学活用】用用carry的短语填空的短语填空(1)They will _the experiment regardless of what will happen.(2)The college team _all the prizes of the table tennis.(3)They _the discussio
41、n.(4)His determination _ him_ the difficulty.(5)The smell of the sea _ her _ to her childhood.carry outcarried offcarried oncarried throughcarriedback【一语闻天下【一语闻天下】1.3D printer makes meat in space“Its one small nibble for man,one giant bite for mankind.”3D打印机打印机造出太空人造肉造出太空人造肉“这是个人的一小口这是个人的一小口,人类的一大人类
42、的一大口。口。”2.China launches a Long March 3B carrier rocket to place two Beidou navigation satellites into space at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in Southwest Chinas Sichuan Province,on Sept.23,2019.2019年年9月月23日日,我国在西南部的四川省西昌卫星发射我国在西南部的四川省西昌卫星发射中心用长征三号乙运载火箭中心用长征三号乙运载火箭,成功将两颗北斗导航卫成功将两颗北斗导航卫星发射升空。星发
43、射升空。3.Chinese space startup iSpace made history with the successful launch of its SQX-1 Y1 rocket,which is considered a major step for private companies.中国航天初创企业中国航天初创企业iSpace成功发射成功发射SQX-1 Y1火箭火箭,创创造了历史造了历史,标志着我国私企标志着我国私企(在太空探索之路上在太空探索之路上)迈出迈出了重要一步。了重要一步。4.John B.Goodenough just became the oldest person,at 97,to win a Nobel Prize in 2019.约翰约翰古迪纳夫古迪纳夫,97岁岁,是是2019年为止最年长的诺贝尔年为止最年长的诺贝尔奖获得者。奖获得者。
