1、(浙江专用)2020版高考英语一轮复习专题十推理判断阅读课件A A组组 自主命题自主命题浙江卷题组浙江卷题组五年高考Passage 1(2018浙江11月,A)词数:304The most welcome sight on a cold,wet winter night in London is the familiar shape of a London taxi cab approaching with its yellow“for hire”sign shining brightly.That shows it is ready to pick you up.Travelling by
2、taxi in London is not just a way of going from one place to another.It is an experience to be enjoyed and remembered.The main reason for this is the drivers,who are called“cabbies.”Many of them are true Cock-neys.This means they were born in the heart of London and speak their own special dialect(方言
3、)of English.All of them know every street and famous building in the city,and all of them love to talk.A simple twenty-minute journey across town can become very interesting.You may have a discussion about the government and its leaders or a friendly talk about the drivers Aunty Nellie!One thing is
4、for sure,it will never be boring.Cabbies know all the latest news about film stars,the Royal Family,government leaders,and popular singers or actors and actresses.They also know the best places to eat,shop and relax.And they can take you straight to any large hotel,department store,theatre or museum
5、.They know the shortest way possible without even looking at a map,because everyone who wants to become a taxi driver must pass a very difficult examination in order to get a license to drive a taxi.The exam is called“The Knowledge.”It is a written test,and in it drivers are asked the shortest way f
6、rom one place to another.They must take into account the time of dayin rush hour,a longer route(路线)may be quickerand describe the best way.Moreover they must never forget the one-way streets!1.From what can we tell that someone is a Cockney?A.Their interest.B.Their manners.C.Their speech.D.Their app
7、earance.2.What does the author suggest by mentioning“Aunty Nellie”in paragraph 2?A.Passengers are full of curiosity.B.Cabbies topics are wide-ranging.C.Aunty Nellie is popular in London.D.Londoners are friendly to each other.3.What is the purpose of“The Knowledge”?A.To qualify one to drive a taxi.B.
8、To assess ones driving skills.C.To test drivers ability to write.D.To check taxi drivers memory.答案答案语篇解读本文是说明文。文章介绍了伦敦出租车司机的特点。1.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Many of them are true Cockneys.This means they were born in the heart of London and speak their own special dialect of English.”可知,这里的Cock-neys指的是当地人,他们讲特殊的
9、方言。因此通过一个人的言语,我们能判断他是不是伦敦东区人,故选C。2.B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“You may have a discussion about the government and its leaders or a friendly talk about the drivers Aunty Nellie!”可知介绍乘客可以和司机谈论很多事情,因此选B,意为“司机的聊天话题非常广泛”。3.A推理判断题。根据第三段的“.because everyone who wants to become a taxi driver must pass a very difficult ex
10、amination in order to get a license to drive a taxi.The exam is called The Knowledge.”可知,想成为一名伦敦出租车司机,你必须通过这项很难的考试“The Knowl-edge”,因此这项考试的目的是使人们具备从事开出租车的资格。高考热词高考热词pick.up用车接人take into account考虑one-way street单行道长难句长难句 原句:The most welcome sight on a cold,wet winter night in London is the familiar sha
11、pe of a London taxi cab approaching with its yellow“for hire”sign shining brightly.分析:本句的主句是The most welcome sight is the familiar shape of a London taxi cab。ap-proaching with its yellow“for hire”sign shining brightly是现在分词作状语。译文:在伦敦寒冷、潮湿的冬夜里,人们最欢迎的景象就是那熟悉的伦敦出租车,闪着它那闪闪发光的黄色“空车”牌子向你驶来。Passage 2(2018浙江
12、6月,A)词数:320In 1812,the year Charles Dickens was born,there were 66 novels published in Britain.People had been writing novels for a centurymost experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719but nobody wanted to do it professionally.The steam-powered printing press was still in its early sta
13、ges;the literacy(识字)rate in England was under 50%.Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors,often with something like“By a lady.”Novels,for the most part,were looked upon as silly,immoral or just plain bad.In 1870,when Dickens died,the world mourned him as its first professiona
14、l writer and publisher,famous and beloved,who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their reader-ship and whose charactersfrom Oliver Twist to Tiny Timwere held up as moral touchstones.Today Dickens greatness is unchallenged.Removing him from the pantheon(名人堂)of English literatu
15、re would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.How did Dickens get to the top?For all the feelings readers attach to stories,literature is a numbers game,and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass.Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age,from 183
16、7 to 1901;today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them.Its partly true that Dickens style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life.Its partly that his writings rode a wave of social,political and scientific progress.But its also that he rewrote the culture of literat
17、ure and put himself at the center.No one will ever know what mix of talent,ambition,energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer.But as the 200th an-niversary of his birth approaches,it is possibleand important for our own cultureto understand how he made himself a lasting one.1.Which of
18、 the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?A.They were difficult to understand.B.They were popular among the rich.C.They were seen as nearly worthless.D.They were written mostly by women.2.Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress .A.his reputation in FranceB
19、.his interest in modern artC.his success in publicationD.his importance in literature3.What is the authors purpose in writing the text?A.To remember a great writer.B.To introduce an English novel.C.To encourage studies on culture.D.To promote values of the Victorian age.答案答案语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国小说的发展
20、以及狄更斯在小说发展过程中的重要作用。1.C 细节理解题。从第一段的整体叙述尤其是最后一句Novels,for the most part,were looked upon as silly,immoral or just plain bad.可知,在18世纪,小说被认为是几乎没有用的东西。A项:它们很难懂;B项:它们在富人中很受欢迎;D项:它们主要是由女人写的。这三个选项均与文章不符。2.D推理判断题。第二段主要介绍了狄更斯的重要地位,在本段的最后,作者把狄更斯和蒙娜丽莎相比就是为了突出他在文学上的重要性。故选D项。3.A推理判断题。本文主要讲述了狄更斯在小说发展史上的重要作用,尤其是文章最
21、后一句But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches,it is possibleand important for our own cul-tureto understand how he made himself a lasting one.可知,作者呼吁人们要记住他,因此A项正确,意为“纪念一位伟大的作家”。B项:介绍一本英文小说;C项:鼓励文化研究;D项:宣传维多利亚时代的价值观。这三个选项都不符合文章的主旨。高考热词高考热词professionally adv.职业地;专业地unchallenged adj.未引起质疑的cas
22、ual adj.随便的,不定期的,偶尔的长难句长难句 原句:In 1870,when Dickens died,the world mourned him as its first professional writer and pub-lisher,famous and beloved,who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose charactersfrom Oliver Twist to Tiny Timwere held up as moral touc
23、h-stones.分析:when引导时间状语从句,the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher是主句。who和whose均引导定语从句。译文:1870年,当狄更斯去世的时候,全世界都沉痛悼念这个世界上第一位专业的作家和出版商;他非常出名,深受人们的喜爱。他使小说的出版和读者人数急剧增加。他小说中的主人公从奥利弗特维斯特到小蒂姆被认为是道德的标准。Passage 3(2017浙江6月,B)词数:288Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most Am
24、erican kids.According to a new survey(调查)by the National Sleep Foundation,51%of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights,even though they have to get up early.Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60%of 7-to 12-year-olds said they felt tired during the day,and 15%said
25、they had fallen asleep at school.How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age.Babies need a lot of rest:most of them sleep about 18 hours a day!Adults need about eight hours.For most school-age children,ten hours is ideal(理想的).But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35%of 10-to
26、12-year-olds get only seven or eight hours.And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime?Watch TV.“More children are going to bed with TVs on,and there are more opportunities(机会)to stay awake,with more homework,the Internet and the phone,”says Dr.Mary Carskadon,a sleep
27、re-searcher at Brown University Medical School.She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep.Other experts say part of the problem is chemical.Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones not only make teenagers bodies develop adu
28、lt characteristics,but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm.Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers,some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to.Three years ago,schools in Edina,Minnesota,changed the start time from 7:25 am
29、 to 8:30 am.Students,parents and teachers are pleased with the results.1.What is the new National Sleep Foundation survey on?A.American kids sleeping habits.B.Teenagers sleep-related diseases.C.Activities to prevent sleeplessness.D.Learning problems and lack of sleep.2.How many hours of sleep do 11-
30、year-olds need every day?A.7 hours.B.8 hours.C.10 hours.D.18 hours.3.Why do teenagers go to sleep late according to Carskadon?A.They are affected by certain body chemicals.B.They tend to do things that excite them.C.They follow their parents examples.D.They dont need to go to school early.答案答案语篇解读本文
31、是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国青少年的睡眠习惯及存在的问题。1.A细节理解题。根据文章第二句可知,该项调查主要关注的是美国青少年上床睡觉的时间,也就是他们的睡眠习惯,所以选 A。2.C细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“For most school-age children,ten hours is ideal.”可知C项正确。3.B 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段前两句的内容可知选 B。高考热词高考热词according to 根据even though 尽管stay awake 醒着,不睡觉hormone n.荷尔蒙长难句长难句 原句:According to a new survey b
32、y the National Sleep Foundation,51%of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights,even though they have to get up early.分析:这是一个复合句,even though引导一个让步状语从句。译文:根据国家睡眠基金会做的一项新的调查,51%的10岁到18岁的孩子在上学日的晚上10点或10点以后才上床睡觉,尽管他们得早早起床。Passage 4(2016浙江10月,A)词数:300Suddenly another thought went th
33、rough Kates mind like an electric shock.An express train was due to go past about thirty minutes later.If it were not stopped,that long train,full of passengers,would fall into the stream.“Someone must go to the station and warn the station-master,”Kate thought.But who was to go?She would have to go
34、 herself.There was no one else.In wind and rain she started on her difficult way.Soon she was at the bridge that crossed the Des Moines River,a bridge also built of wood,just like the bridge across Honey Creek.The storm had not washed this away,but there was no footpath across it.She would have to c
35、ross it by stepping from sleeper(枕木)to sleeper.With great care she began the dangerous crossing,sometimes on her hands and knees,hardly daring to look down between the sleepers into the wild flood waters be-low.If she should slip,she would fall between the sleepers,into the rapidly flowing stream.At
36、 lastshe never knew how long it had taken hershe felt solid ground under her feet.But there was no time to rest.She still had to run more than half a mile and had only a few minutes left.Un-less she reached the station before the express did,many,many lives would be lost.She did reach the station ju
37、st as the train came into sight.Fortunately the station-master was stand-ing outside.“The bridge is down!Stop the train!Oh,please stop it!”Kate shouted breathlessly.The station-master went pale.He rushed into the station building and came back with a signal light.He waved the red light as the train
38、came into the station.It was not a second too early.1.What did Kate decide to do?A.Stop the express train.B.Check the signal light.C.Meet the passengers.D.Visit the station-master.2.Which of the following words best describes Kates journey?A.Fruitless.B.Boring.C.Well-planned.D.Risky.3.Why did the st
39、ation-master turn pale?A.He suddenly fell ill.B.He realized the danger.C.He discovered his mistake.D.He became over-excited.答案答案语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文,讲述了Kate冒着生命危险挽救了一列火车的故事。由于文章是直接截取的一段故事,没有自然的开头,因此文字和情节都有一定的难度。解题时一定要仔细读文章。第一题有一定的难度,解题时尤其要多读,读懂文章的开头。1.A 细节理解题。由文章第一段的“An express train was due to go past abou
40、t thirty minutes later.There was no one else.”可知,一列高铁将在三十分钟后通过大桥,如果没有人事先预警,那一整列高铁的乘客会直接落入急流当中,有生命危险;而除了她之外,没有人能做这件事。故答案为A。2.D推理判断题。文章第二段的第一句“In wind and rain she started on her difficult way”是一个提示;再由后面的“She would have to cross it by stepping from sleeper to sleeper.If she should slip,she would fall
41、between the sleepers,into the rapidly flowing stream.”可知,由于桥已被大雨冲毁,Kate需要踩在枕木上才能过河,甚至有时候还得趴在上面,以防她自己落入汹涌澎湃的急流中。可见这趟行程是极其凶险的。选项D符合题意。3.B推理判断题。根据第四段及第五段的内容可推断出他意识到了危险,故答案为B。长难句长难句 原句:With great care she began the dangerous crossing,sometimes on her hands and knees,hardly daring to look down between th
42、e sleepers into the wild flood waters below.分析:本句中with great care作状语。hardly daring to look down between the sleepers into the wild flood waters below是分词作伴随状语。译文:她非常小心地开始了危险的穿越,有时是用手和膝盖,几乎不敢看在枕木之间的滔滔洪水。Passage 5(2016浙江10月,C)词数:279Digital technologyemail and smart phones especiallyhave vastly improved
43、 workers ability to be productive outside of a traditional office.Even so,most white-collar work still happens in an office.One reason is that,according to findings of a new survey(调查)of office workers conducted by Wakefield Research for the IT company Citrix,most bosses are doubtful about remote wo
44、rk-ing.Half of the workers say their boss doesnt accept it,and only 35 percent say its tolerated.Skeptical bosses will likely have their doubts reinforced(加深)by the same survey,which shows that 43 percent of workers say theyve watched TV or a movie while“working”remotely,while 35 percent have done h
45、ousework,and 28 percent have cooked dinner.It is true,however,that working at home makes people much more efficient(高效的),because it al-lows workers to take care of annoying housework while still getting their jobs done.Its much faster,for example,to shop for groceries at a quarter to three than to s
46、tand in line during the after-work rush.The fact that such practices remain officially unaccepted reflects how far we havent come as a so-ciety from the days when we expected every full-time worker to be supported by a full-time homemaker.More broadly the Wakefield survey suggests that employers may
47、 be missing a low-cost way to give workers something of value.Sixty-four percent of those survey participants who havent worked remotely would rather give up some bonus in order to get even one day a week working from home.Under such circumstances,smart firms need to find ways to let their employees
48、 have enough flexibility to manage their time efficiently.1.Why do some employers hesitate to allow remote working?A.They fear losing control of their workers.B.They want to stick to their routine practice.C.They have little trust in modern technology.D.They are used to face-to-face communication.2.
49、What seems to be most workers attitude toward remote working?A.Doubtful.B.Favorable.C.Reserved.D.Disapproving.3.What does the author suggest smart firms do?A.Shorten their office hours.B.Give employees a pay raise.C.Adopt flexible work patterns.D.Reduce their staffs workload.答案答案语篇解读本文为说明文,题材为社会生活类。
50、本文介绍了有关员工在家工作的情况的调查报告。文章的结构比较清晰,各段所陈述的内容也清楚明白。解题时只要能读懂文章,对各段段意有准确的理解,就可以提高正确率。1.A 推理判断题。信息在文章的第一和第二段。第一段中明确指出,大多数雇主对家庭远程工作持怀疑态度。而第二段说“调查更增加了他们的疑虑”,是因为调查显示很多人在家工作时会做其他的事情。因此,选A,意思是“他们害怕会失去对工人的控制”。2.B 推理判断题。信息在文章的最后一段。“百分之六十四没有远程工作经历的受访者宁愿放弃一些奖金,也希望能得到一周中有一天在家工作的机会”,由此可以看出,工人们还是希望在家工作的。因此选B,意为“赞同的,支持的
