1、名词性从句的名词性从句的分类与识别分类与识别高一英语Review:英语句子的种类有两种，按句子的英语句子的种类有两种，按句子的用途用途可分为陈述、疑问、祈使和感叹句四种。可分为陈述、疑问、祈使和感叹句四种。而按句子的而按句子的结构结构可分三种：可分三种：1)简单句简单句2)并列句并列句3)复合句复合句主语主语+谓语谓语主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语主语主语+谓语谓语+间宾间宾+直宾直宾主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+宾补宾补简单句简单句+并列连词并列连词+简单句简单句（and,but,yet,while，or,eitheror,so,for等）等）主句主句+从属连词
2、从属连词+从句从句1.He often reads English in the morning.2.You help him and he helps you.3.My suggestion is that we should study step by step.4.Both Tom and Mike are American boys.5.He said that he has known all before.请判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句：请判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句：简单句简单句并列句并列句复合句复合句简单句简单句复合句复合句复合句复合句定语从句定语从句名词性
3、从句名词性从句状语从句状语从句Related Conception(相关概念相关概念)1.名词名词:表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。2.名词在句子作什么成分名词在句子作什么成分?名词在句中主要作名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语主语、宾语、表语和同位语。The boy is Li Ming.主语表语Miss.Li,a 28-year-old girl,teaches us English.主语同位语 宾语在英语的句子结构中在英语的句子结构中，如果本该由名词充当的主语、如果本该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当由一个句子来
4、充当，那么这，那么这个句子就叫个句子就叫_。主语（从句）主语（从句）宾语（从句）宾语（从句）表语（从句）表语（从句）同位语（从句）同位语（从句）名词（从句）名词（从句）名词性从句名词性从句 1.The boy is Li Ming.2.What he said is correct.(名词作主语名词作主语)（从句作主语从句作主语）1.在句中充当主语的从句叫做在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句主语从句。3.We love peace.4.He said that he has known all before.(名词作宾语名词作宾语)(从句作宾语从句作宾语)2.在句中在句中充当充当及物动词或介词或
5、及物动词或介词或be+adj.后宾后宾语的语的从句从句叫做叫做宾语从句。宾语从句。5.You are a student.6.The fact is that she never knew the secret.(名词作表语名词作表语)(从句作表语从句作表语)3.在句中充当表语的从句在句中充当表语的从句(即放在系动词后面即放在系动词后面)叫做叫做表语从句表语从句。7.Miss.Liang,a 24-year-old girl,teaches us English.8.The news that our team had won made us happy.(名词作同位语名词作同位语)(从句作同
6、位语从句作同位语)4.在句中用作同位语的从句叫做在句中用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句同位语从句。名词性从句在功能上相当于名词名词性从句在功能上相当于名词His job is important.What he does is important.主主语语 This is his job.This is what he does every day.表表语语I dont like his job.I dont like what he does every day.宾宾语语I dont know about the man,Mr.White.I dont know about the fact
7、that he is a teacher.同同位位语语引导词引导词 连接词：连接词：that,whether,if,as if,as though 连接代词连接代词:who,whom,what,which,whose 连接副词连接副词:when,where,why,how名词性从句的引导词名词性从句的引导词充当：主宾表定充当：主宾表定充当：状语充当：状语不充当成份不充当成份引导词引导词 连接词：连接词：that,whether,if 连接代词连接代词:who,whom,what,which,whose 连接副词连接副词:when,where,why,how名词性从句的连接词名词性从句的连接词对
8、比：定语从句的连接词对比：定语从句的连接词关系词关系词关系代词关系代词:who,whom,which,that,whose,as,关系副词关系副词:when,where,why充当：主宾表定充当：主宾表定充当：状语充当：状语充当：主宾表定充当：主宾表定充当：状语充当：状语不充当成份不充当成份（万能词）（万能词）请判断出下列句子属于哪种从句：请判断出下列句子属于哪种从句：1.What I want to do is to go shopping.2.The news that they won the game spread the whole school.3.I dont think tha
9、t he is an honest boy.4.The fact is that he stole the car.判断从句的方法：判断从句的方法：一一 找谓语动词找谓语动词二二 找引导词划从句找引导词划从句三三 看从句在主句的位置看从句在主句的位置_(主语从句主语从句)(同位语从句同位语从句)(宾语从句宾语从句)(表语从句表语从句)1.That he will come here on Sunday is certain.2.She had a feeling that she was being watched.3.I dont know that you will come here.4
10、.Who will go with you is decided by yourself.请判断出下列句子属于哪种从句请判断出下列句子属于哪种从句_(主语从句主语从句)(同位语从句同位语从句)(宾语从句宾语从句)(主语从句主语从句)5.The problem is what should we do next.6.The news that he couldnt come makes us upset.7.Our purpose is that he can realize his faults.8.Do you know the fact that he stole the car?请判断出
11、下列句子属于哪种从句请判断出下列句子属于哪种从句_(表语从句表语从句)(同位语从句同位语从句)(表语从句表语从句)(同位语从句同位语从句)连接词连接词 连接词：连接词：that,whether,if 连接代词连接代词:who,whom,what,which,whose 连接副词连接副词:when,where,why,how名词性从句的连接词名词性从句的连接词对比：定语从句的连接词对比：定语从句的连接词关系词关系词关系代词关系代词:who,whom,which,that,whose,as,关系副词关系副词:when,where,why充当：主宾表定充当：主宾表定充当：状语充当：状语充当：主宾表定
12、充当：主宾表定充当：状语充当：状语不充当成份不充当成份Whoever,whomever,whatever,whosever连接词的选择I am interested in _ the tall man is._ has been done cant be undone._ you will work with is not known.The question is _ should be done next.I dont know _kind of books is useful to us.The question _ had finished the work for us still
13、puzzled us.I dont know _ is the tallest boy in our class._ kind of books is good for us is clear.I dont know _ house is best.Polly didnt know _ way she could go.whoWhatWho/Whomwhatwhat/whichwhowho/whichWhatwhose/whatwhich1.She believes _ he hasnt told her the truth.2.The truth is _ the fog is too fo
14、ggy for the bus to go that far.3.The news _ he couldnt come made us sad.对比：对比：4.I wonder _ thats a good idea.5.My question is _ Polly can find her way home._ he will come is not clear not.thatthatthatwhetherwhetherWhether/When/How1.The problem is _ Polly could find us in the crowd.2._ he has left ye
15、t is not clear._ he got the book is not clear to us.3._ we can got off depends on the weather.4.I wonder _ that is a good idea.5.She is not certain about _ she has done anything wrong.whetherwhetherWhether/How/When/WhereWhether/Whenwhetherwhether/where名词性从句考点归纳名词性从句考点归纳一、名词性从句的语序一、名词性从句的语序(1)名词性从句构成
16、有两种名词性从句构成有两种a.That+陈述句陈述句e.g.That he did it right is known to all.b.疑问词疑问词+句子的剩余成分（主句子的剩余成分（主+谓）谓）e.g.This is what we are looking for.(2)疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用 陈述句语序陈述句语序，不能用一般疑问句，不能用一般疑问句 语序。语序。他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。How was he successful is still a puzzle.How he was successful is still
17、 a puzzle.FT你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？Could you tell me where he lives?Could you tell me where does he live?TF二、名词性从句连接词的选用二、名词性从句连接词的选用(1)that 和和what 的选用的选用that 和和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。都可引导所有的名词从句。what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中中充当成分充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。或表语。而而that在名词性从句中在名词性从句中不充当任何成分不
18、充当任何成分，只起连接作用。只起连接作用。1._ he wants is a book.2._ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.5.Is _ he told us true?WhatThatthatwhatwhat6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7.I have no doubt _ he will come.8.I have no idea _ he did tha
19、t afternoon.whatthatwhat1._ the baby could speak made his parents very happy.A.That B.What C.Why D.If主语从句主语从句2.I wonder _ you will go shopping or stay at home.A.that B.if C.whether D.what宾语从句宾语从句3.This is _ he was often late for school.A.what B.that C.why D.whether表语从句表语从句4.We all know the truth _ t
20、he earth _ around the sun.A.if;moved B.that;moves C.why;move D.whether;move同位语从句同位语从句 reason作主语时，表语从句所用作主语时，表语从句所用引导词为引导词为that,一般不用一般不用because或或why等。等。The reason is thatThe reason why.is that.That is why.That is because 1.The reason _ I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed.A.why;why B.why;because
21、 C.why;that D.that;because2._ his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain.A.That B.Whether C.If D.Even if3.It is known to us _ where there is pollution,there is harm.A.which B.where C.what D.thatCBD4.-I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball.-_ it made me nearly mad.A.Th
22、at he broke B.What he broke C.He broke D.His break5.It remains a question _ we can get so much money in such a short time.A.how B.that C.when D.what6.-Can I help you?-Yes,do you know _?A.when comes the bus B.when will come the bus C.when does the bus come D.when the bus comesAAD主语从句主语从句主语从句有时用主语从句有时
23、用“it”作形式主语，把真正的作形式主语，把真正的主语放在后面，以避免头重脚轻。主语放在后面，以避免头重脚轻。That he will come here is known to us.It is known to us that he will come here._句型练习：句型练习：That we should do exercise everyday is necessary.That we should respect the old is important.That the earth goes around the sun is true.It is necessary tha
24、t we should do exercise everyday.It is important that we should respect the old.Conclusion:It+be+adj.+that+主语从句It is true that the earth goes around the sun.宾语从句中用宾语从句中用it作形式宾语作形式宾语We think it our duty that we should help others.I find it impossible that he should finish the work in two days.Sb+thin
25、k/find/make/feel/believe+it+n./adj.+that引导的真宾语从句试区分以下句子试区分以下句子Do you know the fact that he stole the car?Do you know the fact that they were talking about?注意：注意：1.1.定语从句，从句是不完整的，定语从句，从句是不完整的，关系关系词充当成分词充当成分；而同位语从句中的；而同位语从句中的thatthat只起连接只起连接作用。作用。2.2.定语从句是对先行词起定语从句是对先行词起修饰修饰作用，作用，而同位语从句则而同位语从句则解释说明解释说
26、明先行词的先行词的具体内容具体内容。(同从同从)(定从定从)一、一、同位语从句与定语从句的相似之处同位语从句与定语从句的相似之处1.都跟在名词后；都跟在名词后；2.都可以翻译成都可以翻译成“的的”The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging.我们队取得决赛胜利我们队取得决赛胜利的的消息令人鼓舞。消息令人鼓舞。The news that you told us is really encouraging.你告诉我们你告诉我们的的消息真的令人鼓舞。消息真的令人鼓舞。（同位语从句）（同位语从句）（定语从句）（定语从句）二、
27、同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处二、同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处1 1、含义不同：同位语从句是对前面名词的补充说明，、含义不同：同位语从句是对前面名词的补充说明，知道具体内容知道具体内容，指，指同一件事同一件事（可以划等号）；定语从（可以划等号）；定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词，句用来修饰、限定前面的名词，不知道具体内容不知道具体内容。e.g.The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging.（从句说明（从句说明“消息消息”的内容：的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜我们队取得了决赛胜利。利。）The news that you
28、 told us is really encouraging.（从句对（从句对“消息消息”加以限定：是加以限定：是你告诉我们的你告诉我们的，而非而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）二、同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处二、同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处2 2、引导词、引导词 区别区别：同位语从句中，：同位语从句中，that：无成分，用于：无成分，用于肯定句；肯定句；whether/if:用于疑问、否定句。用于疑问、否定句。定语从句的定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。中充当成分。e.g
29、.1)Dad made a promise that he would buy me CD player if I passed the English test.2)Dad made a promise that excited all his children.（that指代指代promise，又在从句中充当主语。），又在从句中充当主语。）（that 不充当任何成分）不充当任何成分）I.Tell the function of the clauses in the following sentences说出下列从句的功能：说出下列从句的功能：A:同位语同位语;B:定语定语1.His pro
30、posal that we go there on foot is acceptable.2.Many teachers hold the view that teenagers should not spend too much time online.3.The first request that he made was to ask for freedom.4.Do you have any idea where we will be sent?5.Is this the company where your father works?6.He made an excuse that
31、his car broke down on the way.BBthat/(that)只在宾从中可省，但跟在介词后的宾从不可省只在宾从中可省，但跟在介词后的宾从不可省1.I dont think _ she is coming.2.It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3.The reason is _ he is careless.4.The news _ our team won the match inspired us.(that)thatthatthat6.He told me _ his father had died and _ he
32、 had to make a living alone.(that)that whether,if引导名词性从句时，表示“是否”，不在从句中作任何成分，二者常可通用，但在下面几种情况下一般只用whether:(1)引导主语从句。(2)引导表语从句。(3)引导同位语从句。(4)在动词discuss之后。(5)在介词之后。(6)后面紧跟or not。(7)动词不定式前。考点考点2：whether/if考点考点3名词性从句中主句和从句的时态一致、名词性从句中主句和从句的时态一致、主谓一致、语序主谓一致、语序(1)一个主语从句做主语，谓语动词常用单数：如果由一个主语从句做主语，谓语动词常用单数：如果由
33、and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语时，谓语连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用复数；动词用复数；(2)由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。用单数。When the meeting will begin_not been decided yet.When they will start and where they go _not been decided yet.When and where the meeting will begin _not been decided.hashavehas宾语从句中主句和从句的
34、时态保持一致，但如果从宾语从句中主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句中表示提示的是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，句中表示提示的是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时从句仍用一般现在时。如：如：The teacher told us that light travels at a very high speed.名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序。如：如：He asked me where we should meet.考点考点4 关于关于doubt 肯定句中doubt后跟if/whether，否定句中doubt后面跟that.sb.doubts if/wh
35、ether.sb.doesnt doubt that.There is no doubt that.There is no doubt that he will win the game.1.The question is _the film is worth seeing.A.if B.what C.whether D.how 2.They received orders _ the work be done at once.A.which B.when C./D.that 3.The reason _ I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed.A.
36、why;why B.why;because C.why;that D.that;because4._ I cant understand is _ she wants to change her mind.A.What;why B.Which;how C.That;why D.What;because5._ his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain.A.That B.Whether C.If D.Even if6.It is known to us _ where there is pollution,there is
37、harm.A.which B.where C.what D.that7.I have the information _.A.of what hell come soon B.that hell come soon C.of that hell come soon D.his coming soonCDCABDB单项填空单项填空8.-I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball.-_ it made me nearly mad.A.That he broke B.What he broke C.He broke D.His br
38、eak9.It remains a question _ we can get so much money in such a short time.A.how B.that C.when D.what10.-Can I help you?-Yes,do you know _?A.when comes the bus B.when will come the bus C.when does the bus come D.when the bus comes11.He made a promise _ anyone set him free he would make him very rich
39、.A.that B.if C.what D.that if12.They lost their way in the forest and _ made matters worse was _ night began to fall.A.what;that B.it;that C.what;when D.which;whatAADDA GRAMMAR 名词性从句名词性从句1.It is known to us that he is a famous singer.2.The thought that we might succeed excited us.3.What he said is c
40、orrect.4.I believe it that he is honest.5.The question is how he did it.6.I am glad that she will come.1、注意、注意that 的用法的用法一一.主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用的主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用的that不能省略。不能省略。That they are good at English is known to us all.二二.宾语从句中的连接词宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中在以下几种情况中that不能省略：不能省略：
41、当当that宾语从句中间有插入词语宾语从句中间有插入词语,that不可省不可省 He judged that,because he was a child,he did not understand what he had said.当当that 从句有并列从句时，从句有并列从句时，that不能省；不能省；Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.当多个当多个that从句作并列宾语时从句作并列宾语时,前面从句的前面从句的that可省可不可省可不省省,但最后一个但最后一个that不可以省不可以省He knows(that)his E
42、nglish teacher is from England and that she has two children.当当that作介词宾语时，作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。不可省掉。如：如：The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do 2.注意同位语从句和定语从句的区别：注意同位语从句和定语从句的区别：A.定语从句中关系词代替先行词在从句中定语从句中关系词代替先行词在从句中做成做成分分;而在同位语从句中连接词而在同位语从句中连接词不做成分不做成分。B.定语从句是对前面名词进行修饰定语从句是对前面名词进行修饰,同位
43、语从句同位语从句是对前面的名词进行是对前面的名词进行解释说明解释说明。1 The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging.2 The news that you told us is really encouraging.3、whether和和if的用法的用法whether 可用于介词之后可用于介词之后.It all depends on whether they will come back whether可用于不定式之前可用于不定式之前I have not decided whether to go or not.
44、后面直接跟后面直接跟or not 时用时用whether。.I didnt know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan 主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句句首中只主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句句首中只能用能用whether，宾语从句中则两者都可，宾语从句中则两者都可Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.whether可引导一个让步状语从句表示可引导一个让步状语从句表示“不不管管”、“无论无论”，而，而if不能。不能。If表示表示“如果如果”时，时，不能用不能用whethe
45、r。Whether he comes or not,we will begin our party on time.If I have enough time,I will play football.4、whatwhowhich+ever和和no matter+whatwhowhich的区别的区别：whatwhowhich+ever可引导名词性从句和让可引导名词性从句和让步状语从句步状语从句Whoever breaks the rule must be punished.Whatever you do,you must do it well.no matter+whatwhowhich只能引
46、导让步状只能引导让步状语从句语从句。如：。如：No matter who breaks the rule,he must be punished.5、名词性从句中主句和从句的时态一、名词性从句中主句和从句的时态一致、主谓一致、语序致、主谓一致、语序(1)一个主语从句做主语，谓语动词常用单数：一个主语从句做主语，谓语动词常用单数：如果由如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用复数；主语时，谓语动词用复数；(2)由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。语动词用单数。如：如：When the mee
47、ting will begin_not been decided yet.When they will start and where they go _not been decided yet.When and where the meeting will begin _not been decided.hashavehas宾语从句中主句和从句的时态保持一致，但宾语从句中主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句中表示提示的是客观现象，虽然主如果从句中表示提示的是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时。如：。如：The teacher told us th
48、at light travels at a very high speed.名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序。如：。如：He asked me where we should meet.6.关于关于doubt 肯定句中doubt后跟if/whether，否定句中doubt后面跟that.sb.doubts if/whether.sb.doesnt doubt that.There is no doubt that.There is no doubt that he will win the game.Review1.什么叫名词性从句？什么叫名词性从句？2.什么叫主语
49、、宾语、表语和同位语从句？什么叫主语、宾语、表语和同位语从句？3.名词性从句的引导词有哪些？名词性从句的引导词有哪些？4.判断名词性从句的方法是什么？判断名词性从句的方法是什么？reason作主语时，表语从句所用作主语时，表语从句所用连词为连词为that,一般不用一般不用because或或why等。等。The reason is thatThe reason why.is that.That is why.That is because Helping others is a habit,one _ you can learn even at an early age.A.it B.that
50、C.what D.who Modern science has given clear evidence _ smoking can lead to many diseases.(2011天津卷)A.what B.which C.that D.where【考点5】that引导同位语从句和定语从句的区别_ was known to all that William had broken his promise _ he would never play computer games again.(2011湖南雅礼中学高三月考卷)A.As;which B.As;that C.It;that D.W
