1、Unit3 Is this your pencil 代词 一、人称代词 1人称代词的形式 人称 单数 复数 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称 he him they them she her it it 2. 人称代词的用法 1) 在句中作主语,用主格。 如: I am a teacher Are you OK? 2) 在动词和介词后作宾语,用宾格。 如: Please give me a pen 3)单数人称代词连用时,其词序为:第二人称,第三人称和第一人称。 如: you and I ; you and he ; h
2、e and I ; you , he and I 4) 复数人称代词连用时,其词序一般和汉语一样。 如: we and you ; you and they 5) we, you , they, he 都用来泛指一般的人。如: They say Mike is a good boy 6) it 用作人称代词,指动物或其他事物,有时也指人,尤指婴儿,小孩。 如: I have a ball pen It is very nice Who is it ? It is me 7) it 用作指示代词,表示 “ 这 ” 或 “ 那 ” 。 如 : How far is it from here ? I
3、ts about 1km away 二、物主代词 1 物主代词的形式 数 人称 类别 单数 复数 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 形容词性物主代词 my your his her its our your their 名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 2. 物主代词的用法 1) 形容词性物主代词用在名词前,不能单独使用。 如: This is my bag 2) 名词性物主代词相当于一个名词,等 于 “ 容词性物主代词 +名词 ” , 使用时后面不再加名词。 如:Is this your
4、book? No,, it isnt , its hers (her book) 3)名词性物主代 词相当名词的所有格。如: Jims , Toms , Marias 三、指示代词 1 表示 “ 这个 ” , “ 那个 ” , “ 这些 ” , “ 那些 ” ,等指示概念的代词叫做指示代词。有 this , that ,these , those 等。 数 指示代词 意义 单数 this 这个 that 那个 复数 these 这些 those 那些 2 this( these)一般用来指在时间和空间上较近的事物; that( those)则指较远的事物。 如: This is a table
5、 That is a sofa These books are theirs Those books are ours 四、疑问代词 疑问代词在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句,主要用于询问 “ 何人 ”“ 何物 ”“ 什么 ” 。小学阶段常用的疑问代词有 who, whose, which 和 what。 疑问代词 意义 替代范围 who 谁 人 whose 谁的 which 哪一个 人、事、物 what 什么 事、物 虽然 who 和 whose 都用于对人的提问,但 whose 询问的是所有关系,相当于一个定语,因此 whose 后常跟名词, 而 who 则没有这种用法, who 只能用于对人的
6、提问。 五、不定代词 凡不是用来指明代替特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。常见的有: both , all , some , any , every , each, many, much, few, a few, little, a little。 1 both 和 all 的用法 both 指两者 “ 都 ” ; all 指三者及三者以上 “ 都 ” 。 如: Both of you are wrong All students are right 2 some 和 any 的 用法 ( 1) some 表示 “ 一些,某些,某个 ” , any 表示 “ 一些,任何 ” 。 some 多用于肯定
7、句中, any 多用于否定句和疑问句中。如: There are some trees in the street Are there any trees in the street? ( 2)如果说话人希望得到肯定回答时,疑问句中可用 some 。 如: Would you like some coffee? ( 3) some 还可用于表示请求和邀请的疑问句中。 如: Can I have some glue? 3.every 和 each 的用法 ( 1) every 表示 “ 每一个 ” ,可以和 one , body , thing 组合成 everyone , everybody
8、, everything 。当 every 及其复合词做主语时,后面动词要用第三人称单数形式。如: Everyone of this class does well in Chinese Everybody is at school now ( 2) each 表示 “ 每个 ” ,强调个体概念,谓语动词用单数形式。 4、 many 和 much 的用法 many 和 much 都是表示数量的不定代词,都有 “ 许多、大量 ” 的意思。 much 后面接不可数名词, many后面接可数名词。 5、 few 和 little 的用法 few 和 little 也是表示数量的不定代词,为否定含义,
9、都有 “ 几乎没有 ” 的意思。 few 后面接可数名词,little 后面接不可数名词。 6、 a few 和 a little 的用法 a few 和 a little 也是表示数量的不定代词,为肯定含义,都有 “ 少数、少量 ” 的意思。 a few 后面接可数名词, a little 后面接不可数名词。 六、反 身代词 myself , yourself , itself / herself / himself , ourselves , yourselves , themselves 另外: one 的反身代词为 oneself 人称 数 单数 复数 第一人称 myself ours
10、elves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself themselves herself itself 不定人称 oneself(某人自己) 1 有些动词需反身代词,如: dry ,cut, enjoy, hurt, help 等。 如: We enjoyed ourselves very much last night. 我们昨晚玩得很开心。 注意 :有些动词后不跟反身代词,如: get up , sit down , stand up 等 。 如: Please sit down. 请坐。 2 用作表语,如:结构 be oneself 。 如: I am
11、 not myself today. 我今天不舒服。 习题检测(一) 一、把下面表格 填写完整 单 数 复 数 第一人称 第二人称 第 三 人 称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 主 格 宾 格 形容词性物主代词 my his her our their 名词性物主代词 yours its yours 反 身 代 词 myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves 二、根据下列句子说法 .从方框中选出恰当 的 9 个代词填空。(注意大小写) my his we its him their mine he
12、rs our it yours they 1. Andy and I are making a model plane._are making a model plane. 2.Does the black bike belong to you ? Is the black bike_ _? 3.The big house among the mountains belongs to them. _big house lies among the mountains. 4.It is her computer. The computer is _. 5.I cant find my glass
13、es.The glasses are not _.Where is _glasses? 6.The tail belongs to the white dog. The white dog is waging ( 摆动 )_tail happily. 7.Mom and Dad bought a birthday gift for him. _bought a birthday gift for him. The birthday gift was_. 三、从括号中选择正确的词填空。 1.( This/These) are my letters and (that /those)is my b
14、rothers. 2.(This/These)shoes are Ms. Jones. 3.How (many/much)apples do you have? 4.-Is there (some/any )water in the fridge? -Yes. there is (some/any). 5.(Everybody/Nobody)needs friends. 6.Hurry up !There are (a few /few )minutes left. 7.(What/Which)do you like better ? Surfing or skating? 8.-Whats
15、in the letter? -Its (anything /nothing)important. 9.-So you are James Cotton! -(Its/Thats)right. My name is James. 10.-What did you say just now? -(Nothing/Everything). 四、选择填空 1.Are they _raincoats or _? A. their, ours B. their, our C. theirs, ours D. their, us 2.Help _ to some chicken . A. themself
16、 B. them C. yourself D. yourselves 3._ of my parents can take care of my little sister , so I will stay at home to take care of her. A. All B. Both C. None D. Neither 4._do you like best, football, volleyball or baseball? A. Who B. Which C. What D. Why 5.-Teacher Zhang, _ wants to see you. -Who? A.
17、someone B. anyone C.I D. he 6.-What time is _? -_s eight oclock am. A. this, This B. that, This C. it, It D. it, This 7.-May I have some socks,please? -Can I give you _ socks on the shelf? -No. thank you. Id like _socks there. They look comfortable. A. that, this B. this, that C. those, these D. the
18、se, those 8 Three bottles of water ,two cakes and a knife. please. -Is _all? A. it B. this C. that D. these 9. Would you like _wine? -No. thanks. A. some B. any C. no D. the 10.Hello,_is Susan speaking .Can I speak to Andy. please? -Hold on, please. A. she B. this C. that D. it 11.There are _eggs in
19、 the bottle. I have to buy _. A. no, little B. a little, little C. few, some D. a few, few 12.Dont worry ._can finish the job by _. A. Myself me B. Me Myself C. I myself D .Myself I 13. _ hat is this? Its _. A. Whose, me B. Who, mine C. Whom, his D. Whose, mine 14. The population of China is larger than _