1、【 精品教育资源文库 】 Unit 5 The power of nature . 阅读理解 A (2018 福建双十中学高三月考 )According to a team of researchers, an animals ability to perceive(感知 ) time is linked to their pace of life. “Our results lend support to the importance of time perception in animals where the ability to perceive time in a very sho
2、rt time may be the difference between life and death for fast moving creatures.” commented lead author Kevin Healy from Trinity College Dublin. The study was done with a variety of animals using a phenomenon based on the maximum speed of flashes of light an individual can see before the light source
3、 is seen as constant. Dogs, for example, have eyes with a refresh rate higher than humans. One example of this phenomenon at work, the authors say, is the housefly and its ability to avoid being hit. The research showed flies “observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve” ， which a
4、llows them to avoid being hit. Professor Graeme Ruxton of the University of St Andrews in Scotland, who worked jointly on the research project, said in a statement, “Having eyes that send updates to the brain at much higher frequencies than our eyes do is of no value if the brain cannot process that
5、 information equally quickly. Thus, this work highlights the impressive abilities of even the smallest animal brains. Flies might not be deep thinkers, but they can make good decisions very quickly.” In comparison, the tiger beetle(虎甲虫 ) runs faster than its eyes can keep up, basically becoming blin
6、d, which requires it to stop periodically to re evaluate its preys(猎物 ) position. Our results suggest that time perception offers an as yet unstudied dimension along which animals can specialize and there is considerable range to study this system in more detail. 语篇导读 本文为说明文。研究表明，动物感知时间的能力与它们的生活节奏相关
7、，甚至会影响 一些动物的存亡。动物的时间感知能力解释了自然界中许多普遍现象。 1 What is the research mentioned in the passage mainly about? A Pace of life of animals. B Time perception of animals. C Lifetime of small animals. 【 精品教育资源文库 】 D Impressive abilities of animals. 解析 B 主旨大意题。本文通过举例，阐释了动物的时间感知能力在多 种自然现象中的体现。同时，全文多次出现关键词 time per
8、ception 并围绕其展开论述，故选 B 项。 2 What does Kevin Healys comment mean in Para.2? A The ability of animals to perceive time depends on their high moving speed. B The survival of fast moving animals relies on their ability to perceive time. C Animals with quicker pace of life have better perception of time.
9、D Animals with poor ability of time perception have a shorter life. 解析 B 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，凯文 希利认为：对于快速移动的生物，动物在短时间内的时间感应能力决定了它们的生死存亡，故选 B 项。 3 Why can houseflies avoid being hit? A They can think very deeply before they act. B They can fly much faster than their eyes can keep up. C They can process the
10、 information as quickly as they receive it. D They can send information to brain more quickly than to their eyes. 解析 C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的 observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve 可知，苍蝇可以比人们在更短的时间内观察到运动，因为它们可以快速地接收信息并对信息进行加工处理，所以避免了被袭击。 A、 B、 D 三项在文中没有提及，故选 C 项。 4 What will a tiger b
11、eetle have to do to catch a moving prey? A Try to run as fast as it can. B Prevent itself from becoming blind. C Slow down to gain its time perception. D Stop occasionally to spot the prey again. 解析 D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的 .requires it to stop periodically to re evaluate its preys position 可知，由于虎甲虫的奔跑速度快于
12、眼睛看东西的感知速度，它们奔跑时基本是瞎的，这就要求它们周期性地停下来重新评估猎物的位置，故选 D项。 B (2018 辽宁协作校高三调考 )The Alice Ferguson Foundation is a non profit group that works to improve the environment by building relationships between people and nature. The foundation is based in the state of Maryland. It was created more than 50 years ag
13、o. It teaches people ways to protect the environment. 【 精品教育资源文库 】 At the end of the year, it designs events to help children celebrate Christmas without increasing the amount of waste they create. Hanna Seligmann works for the foundation.“So lets figure out what is in our bag of trash.” She shows
14、adults and children how to reduce waste during the holiday gift giving season. “You can sort it as a cardboard item or you can sort it as a plastic item.” “We encourage using things that are already in your house like newspapers, old magazines, using a gift within a gift.” Urging people to recycle i
15、s important in the Washington, DC area, because Potomac River, one of the most famous rivers in the country lies there. “Over time we realized that really just doing trash cleanups was the s ymptom of the problem, not getting to the root cause. And so it was just a little over a decade ago that we s
16、tarted the initiative(倡议 ) itself.” says Seligman. The Trash Free Potomac Watershed Initiative is an effort by the Alice Ferguson Foundation to support clean agricultural methods. It includes educational programs teaching children about the kinds of pollution that can enter the watershed. One activi
17、ty is called the Trash Timeline Game. It teaches children that the things they throw away do not decompose,_at the same rate. For example, paper dissolves in about four weeks. An apple core may take two months to rot. A metal can take up to 100 years. 语篇导读 本文为记叙文。爱丽丝 弗格森基金会于 50 多年前在马里兰州建立，是一个非营利组织，致
18、力于通过建立人与自然的关系来改善环境，一直以来为人们提供保护环境的方法，提高人们的环保意识。 5 The Alice Ferguson Foundation_. A devotes itself to keeping citizens engaged in going green B deals with relationship between people C teaches people how to form groups D concerns itself about childrens holidays 解析 A 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，爱丽丝 弗格森基金会这个非营利组织
19、致力于通过建立人 与自然的关系来改善环境，故选 A 项。 6 At the end of the year, the Alice Ferguson Foundation is busy_. A buying plastic items B celebrating Christmas C figuring out how much waste was produced 【 精品教育资源文库 】 D educating people to reduce less waste while enjoying Christmas 解析 D 细节理解题 。根据第二段第一句可知，在年底，他们设计活动帮孩子
20、们庆祝圣诞节，同时不增加他们产生的浪费。由此可见，该基金会旨在教育人们如何在欢度节日的同时避免浪费，故选 D 项。 7 How to get to the root cause of environmental protection, according to Seligman? A Environmental education. B Doing trash cleanups. C Saving water. D Celebrating holidays less. 解析 A 推理判断题。根据第三段塞利格曼所说的话可知，实行垃圾清理只是针对问题的症状，而没有触及到问题的根源。直到十多年前他们
21、才开始倡议。由此可见，他认为真正的解决之道在于大众倡议，即进行环境教育，故选 A 项。 8 What does the underlined word in the last paragraph mean? A Give off. B Break down. C Come out. D Pack up. 解析 B 词义猜测题。根据画线词的下文可知，纸大约在四周内分解 ，苹果核可能需要两个月才能腐烂，而金属可能需要 100 年。由此可知画线处的句意：他们扔掉的东西不会以同样的速度分解，故画线词在此处意为 “ 分解 ” 。 give off 发出； break down 分解； come out
22、出来； pack up 打包，故选 B 项。 . 语法填空 (2018 安徽安庆一中高三质检 )The Dutch are used to living in a country which is always exposed to dangers of deadly floods. A country with a half of its land below sea level cannot afford 1.to ignore(ignore) the problem of rising sea level, and Holland, which has already spent about US $2.5 trillion ( 万亿 ) on flood 2.prevention(prevent), plans to invest(投资 ) more over the next century. Life in these challenging 3.circumstances(circumstance) has inspired the D
