1、现在完成时单击此处输入你的副标题汇报人姓名A SurveyA SurveyDid you have breakfast?Do you have a smartphone?Does your father often have cigarettes?Do you have a bath every day in summer?Does your father like having a glass of wine after dinner?吃有抽洗喝haveI have had breakfast.PastPastnownowDid you have breakfast?Did you have
2、 breakfast?吃早饭助动词 过去分词定义一：表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响或结果。注意：过去式和过去分词最主要的区别是：过去式是一个动词，而过去分词是一个动词的非谓语形式，相当于一个形容词或者副词pastpastnownowhave/has+动词过去分词1）She has lost her books 她丢失了她的书.（表示到目前为止还没有找到）(如果用过去时：She lost her books.则强调书是过去丢的这一动作,而不知现在有没有找到)2）Weve just cleaned the classroom 我们刚好打扫了教室.（表明现在教室是干净的）结构（否定句）主语+h
3、ave/has+not+done另外,肯定句中有some,already时,改为否定时要分别改成any,yet.1）I havent finished my homework yet我还没有完成我的作业.2）She hasnt travelled on a train 她没有坐火车旅行过.有时not可以用never代替,表示“从来没有”的意思.3）We have never spoken to a foreigner我们从来没有和外国人说过话.4）I have never seen him before以前我从来没有见过他.结构（一般疑问句）肯定回答用“Yes,主语havehas否定回答用“N
4、o,主语haventhasnt”有时也可以用“No,not yetNo,neverNo,not even once”等.1）Have you ever made dumplings?你曾经做过饺子吗?Yes,I have 是的,我做过.2）Has she ever been abroad?她曾经出过国吗?No,never不,从来没有.3）Have they found the lost books yet?他们已经找到了丢失的书吗?Yes,they have是的,他们找到了.结构（一般疑问句）注意：当句中有否定词not,hardly（几乎不）,never的时候,在改为反意疑问句时,附加部分用肯
5、定形式.例如：You have never come to our school,have you?你以前从来没有来过我们学校,是吗?课堂练习：They have already finished the task._they finished it_?(一般疑问句)Yes,they_.(肯定回答)No,they_.(否定回答)They_ finished the task_.否定句子)Haveyethave haventhaventyet动词变过去分词变化规则动词变过去分词变化规则规则变化不规则变化一般情况直接+ed：look，looked，lookedABC型：take-took-take
6、n break-broke-broken以e结尾的动词直接+d：move，moved，moved以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，变y为i+ed：study；studied；studied 重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写末尾的辅音字母+ed：stop；stopped；stopped AAA型：put-put-put cut-cut-cutABB型:make-made-made have/has-had-hadABA型：become-became-become come-came-comeVSMr.Pig has already planted many trees.1.我已经种了很多树了
7、。2.我没有种过如此多的树。3.你曾经种过很多树吗？4.我曾经种过很多树。5.我刚刚种了很多树。6.我从来没有种过任何的树。I have already already planted many trees.I havent planted so many trees yet yet.Have you ever ever planted many trees?I have ever ever planted many trees.I have just just planted many trees.I have never never planted any trees.现在完成时用法定义1
8、用法表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果，落脚点是现在。常与时间副词already（已经）,yet（还、已经）,just(刚刚、仅仅),ever（曾经）,never（从不）,before（以前）等连用.现在完成时用法定义1用法1 1alreadyalready意为“已经”,通常用于肯定句中,可放在助动词之后,过去分词之前,也可以放在句末.1 1）Ive already read this book.Ive already read this book.我已经读过这本书了.“读”这一动作发生在过去,对现在造成的影响是“知道书中的内容”.2 2）Ive washed my cl
9、othes alreadyIve washed my clothes already我已经洗了衣服.洗衣服的动作已完成,其结果是“衣服冼干净了”.注意：在表示吃惊或明知故问等感情色彩时,already,already也可用于（口语）疑问句中.3 3）Have you met him already?Have you met him already?你（真的）已经见过他了?现在完成时用法定义1用法2 2yetyet用在疑问句中意为“已经”,用在否定句中意为“还”,常放在句末.1 1）Has he found his watch yet?Has he found his watch yet?他已经
10、找到他的手表了吗?No,not yet No,not yet不,还没有.2 2）The woman hasnt found her dog yet The woman hasnt found her dog yet 那位妇女还没有找到她的狗.（没找到狗,心里着急,这就是对现在的影响）现在完成时用法定义1用法3 3justjust意为“刚刚”,表示行为刚刚过去,常放在助动词与过去分词之间.He has just come back from school He has just come back from school 他刚从学校回来.4 4everever意为“曾经”,用于疑问句或否定句中,
11、放在助动词与过去分词之间.1 1）Have you ever been to Hong Kong?Have you ever been to Hong Kong?你曾去过香港吗?2 2）I havent ever spoken to herI havent ever spoken to her我未曾和她说过话.现在完成时用法定义1用法5 5nevernever意为“从来没有”常与beforebefore连用（beforebefore要放在句尾,而nevernever多放在助动词与过去分词之间）.I have never travelled by plane beforeI have never
12、 travelled by plane before我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过.6 6beforebefore意为“以前”,指过去不确定的某个时间,总是放在句末,不受句型的限制.1 1）Have you been to Hainan before?Have you been to Hainan before?你以前去过海南吗?2 2）I havent eaten Guangdong food beforeI havent eaten Guangdong food before我以前没吃过广东菜.PastPastnownowYou have been students for 11 years.
13、成为学生助动词 过去分词定义二：表示动作发生在过去，一直持续到现在，还有可能持续下去。Mr.Pig has already planted many trees.You have been students for 11 years.You have been students since 11 years ago.You have been students since 2008.You have been students since you were 3 years old.for后跟时间段forforsince后跟时间段agosincesincesince后跟时间点sincesince
14、since后跟从句（从句用一般过去时）sincesince标志词标志词对forfor和sincesince引导的时间状语提问要用How longHow long用since和for填空 1.Jim has been in Ireland _ Monday.2.Jim has been in Ireland _ three days.3.His aunt has lived in Australia _15 days.4.Mary is in her office.She has been there _ 7 oclock.5.India has been an independent coun
15、try _1974.6.The bus is late.Theyve been waiting _ 20 minutes.7.Nobody lives in those houses.They have been empty _ many years.8.Mike has been ill _a long time.sincesinceforforforforsincesincesincesinceforforforforforforThe film has been on since 5 minutes ago.The film has been on for 5 minutes.The f
16、ilm has already begun.标志词标志词标志词标志词标志词区分标志词区分since/for做时间状语的现在完成时中，不能用短暂性动词，要用延续性动词现在完成时用法定义2用法1）他入团两年了.误：He has joined the League for two years 正：He has been a League member for two years2）我买这辆自行车三年了.误：I have bought this bike for three years 正：I have had this bike for three years 1 3 2 41开始离去借来完成还be
17、gin/start,leave,go,borrow/lend,come,finish return2出生入死买到达bear,join,die,buy,arrive/get to/reach3开门结婚迎新娘open,marry4关门停止入洞房close,stop常见的短暂性动词常见的短暂性动词现在完成时用法 短暂性动词 延续性动词常见的终止性动词与延续性动词的转换有comebe herebeginstartbe onborrowkeepbuyhavediebe deadendfinishbe overget upbe upget to/arrive/reach-be(in)go there-be
18、 therego(get)outbe outfall asleepbe asleepleavebe away fromjoinbe inbe a member ofput onwear come back-be backcatch a coldhave a coldopen(动词)be open（形容词）close(动词)be closed（形容词）have/have/has gone tohas gone tohave/have/has been tohas been tohave/have/has been inhas been inAttentionAttention-Marry,I s
19、aw Mr.Green just.-It cant be Mr.Green.He has gone to London.She has been to Paris three times.I have been in ZhengZhou for three years.去而未归，提及人不在现场去过某地在某地待了长时间up to now到现在为止so far 目前in the past few years 在过去的几年中recently/in the recent years 近来/近些年其他标志词其他标志词PracticePractice单项选择1.-A new shop for a week
20、 nearby.Lets have a look there.-Good idea.But it doesnt on Mondays.A.opened;opened B.has been opened;open C.has opened;opened D.has been open;open2.-Is Tom at home?-No,he to town.A.has been B.has gone C.goes D.will go3.Look!The light is still on in Mr.Zhangs office.I am afraid he his work yet.A.does
21、nt finish B.didnt finish C.hasnt finished D.wont finish4.Tony smoking.Because he thinks smoking hurt him a lot.A.will stop B.stopped C.stops D.has stopped5.-Can you find our city a lot in recent years?-Yes.The roads are wider and the building are taller.A.has changed B.changes C.changed D.will chang
22、e6.I my hometown for a long time.I really miss it.A.left B.went away from C.have left D.have been away from一般过去时和现在完成时区别所表示的动作都发生在过去,区别是什么？一般过去时与具体的表示过去时间状语如：yesterday连用；强调动作在过去发生,与现在无关.现在完成时与自己的特征词连用,强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响或过去开始发生一直持续到现在的动作.例：He saw the film last night.(过去时,表示他昨晚看过那部电影了,现在不知还要不要再看一次)He has
23、(ever)seen the film before.（现在完成时,表示他已看过那部电影,现在不想再看了）用于现在完成时的句型（高考重点）1）It is the first/second time.that结构中的从句部分,用现在完成时.It is the first time that I have visited the city.It was the third time that the boy had been late.2）This is the that结构,that 从句要用现在完成时.This is the best film that Ive(ever)seen.这是我看过的最好的电影.This is the first time(that)Ive heard him sing.这是我第一次听他唱歌.
