1、专题十四专题十四 并列句和复合句并列句和复合句中考英语语法专题本专题内容适用于9年级学生本专题一般共需5课时第一课时 并列句和宾语从句一、并列句二、宾语从句三、巩固练习、并列句 用并列连词连接起来的两个或两个以上的简单句叫做并列句。My favorite star is Jay Chou but hes got married.(一)并列句的构成 其结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。You should go to see the doctor,or you will get worse.简单句 并列连词 简单句(二)常用的并列连词 1常见的用于连接两个简单句的并列连词有：and，but，o
2、r，so，for。2其他的并列连词有：then，while，when，not only.but also.,neither.。nor，either.or，as well as等。1.I turned on the TV and we sat down and watched it.我打开电视然后我们坐下来看。2.He is not only tall,but also he is rich and handsome.他是高富帅。3.Give him an inch and he will take a yard得寸进尺4.Im very busy today but I will be fre
3、e tomorrow.我今天很忙但是明天有空。5.Youd better put on your jacket,for it is too cold outside.你最好穿上夹克，因为外面很冷。6.My father is coming,so I must stay here and wait for him.我爸爸要回来了，所以我必须待在这等他。Quiz 即学即练1Work hard，_ youll catch up with others Aand Bbut Cor Dfor2Be quick，_ youll be late for the football match Aso Bbut
4、 Cand Dor3We bought Granny a present，_ she didnt like it Abut Band Cwhen Dif4That was our first lesson，_ she didnt know all our names Afor Bbut Cso Dor5._ human beings（人类）_ animals can live without air ANot only；but also BBoth；and CEither；or DNeither；norQuiz 即学即练1Work hard，_B_ youll catch up with ot
5、hers Aand Bbut Cor Dfor2Be quick，_D_ youll be late for the football match Aso Bbut Cand Dor3We bought Granny a present，_A_ she didnt like it Abut Band Cwhen Dif4That was our first lesson，_C_ she didnt know all our names Afor Bbut Cso Dor5._D_human beings（人类）_ animals can live without air ANot only；b
6、ut also BBoth；and CEither；or DNeither；nor二、复合句 复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子。主句和从句都具有完整的主谓结构，主句是全句的主体，从句是主句中的一部分，不能独立存在。根据从句在全句中的不同作用，从句可分为：宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。在这里重点讲解宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句。I dont know where he lives.我不知道他住哪。What were you doing when the earthquake came?地震的时候你在做什么？Who is the girl that
7、 is wearing a blue skirt?那个穿蓝裙子的女孩是谁？(一)宾语从句 1.宾语从句的引导词宾语从句引导词有连词that/whether/if，关系代词what/who/whose/which 关系副词when/where/how/why等。I think(that)Day Day Up is a good program.Can you tell me why you are so clever?My English teacher asked if/whether I understood it.I wonder what you are going to do tomo
8、rrow.注意：whether和if引导宾语从句时，一般情况下可以互换，但在下列情况下须用whether，不能用if。具有选择意义，宾语从句中有or或or not时。例如：We really dont know whether news is true or not 我们真的不知道这消息是否是真的。在介词后接宾语从句或不定式时。例如：We are talking about whether we ll go back to our hometown 我们正在讨论 是否回老家去。作discuss等词的宾语时。例如：We discussed whether we should close the
9、shop 我们讨论了是否应该把商店关掉。2宾语从句的语序 宾语从句无论是陈述句、一般疑问句或特殊疑问句意义，一律用陈述句语序，即“主语+谓语”结构。句尾标点符号取决于主句。例如：Are you a student?He asks He asks if you are a student 他问你是否是学生。Where does he work?Do you know?Do you know where he works?你知道他在哪工作吗?注意：what is/was the matter 在宾语从句中语序不变。Could you tell me what was the matter?你能告诉
10、我怎么了吗？主句时态从句时态 例句一般现在时根据实际情况而定I hear that he went to Beihai yesterday 我听说他昨天去北海了。一般过去时过去的某种 时态He said his father would take him to Shanghai他说他爸爸 将带他去上海。They asked us if we had finished the work.他们问我们是否完成了工作。一般过去时或其他时态客观事实或真理只用一般现在时 表示My father told me that the sun rises in the east爸爸告诉我太阳从东方升起。3宾语从句
11、的时态 宾语从句的时态原则上应与主句的时态一致。具体情况如下表：1.Pardon?I didnt catch_.I said the book sold very well in our school.A.what you said B.where you would go C.who you talked about【答案】A【解析】本题考查宾语从句的用法。由答句“我说那本书在我们学校卖得好”可推出本句句意：我没有听见你说的话。what you said意为“你所说的话”。所以选A。2.Leo,could you tell me_?I heard they were very mad at
12、you.A.why they decided to do so B.where have they goneC.what trouble did they meet 【答案】A【解析】本题考查宾语从句的用法。宾语从句应该用陈述语序，选项B、C都是疑问语序，故排除，只有选项A符号。所以选A。典型例题选择恰当的连词填空1.Do you know _Jane visits her grandparents?Once a week.She loves them deeply.2.He often goes sightseeing alone nobody knows he is.3.I was tol
13、d to meet Mr.White at the airport.I dont know _ he will arrive.4.Could you tell me _ the nearest hospital is?5.Do you know _ the girl in blue is?Im not sure.Maybe a teacher.6.The headmaster said we should keep the school clean we are not allowed to throw wastes everywhere.巩固练习where,how often,so,that
14、,what,but,when,who选择恰当的连词填空1.Do you know how often Jane visits her grandparents?Once a week.She loves them deeply.2.He often goes sightseeing alone so nobody knows where he is.3.I was told to meet Mr.White at the airport.But I dont know when he will arrive.4.Could you tell me where the nearest hospi
15、tal is?5.Do you know what the girl in blue is?Im not sure.Maybe a teacher.6.The headmaster said that we should keep the school clean so we are not allowed to throw wastes everywhere.巩固练习where,how often,so,that,what,but,when,who1.【2021北京】2.Could you please tell me_?Next Thursday morning.A.when we vis
16、ited the Capital MuseumB.when did we visit the Capital MuseumC.when we will visit the Capital MuseumD.when will we visit the Capital Museum2.【2021安徽】28.一Im not sure my suggestion is helpful to you.一It certainly is.Every little bit helps.A.why B.how C.whether D.where3.【福建】35.Do you know _?Sure.On May
17、 15th.A.where Chinas Tianwen-1 probe landed B.how Chinas Tianwen-1 probe landed on Mars C.when Chinas Tianwen-1 probe landed on Mars4.【2021甘肃天水】14.Could you tell me _?一The day after tomorrow.A.when we had the school leaver s partyB.when did we have the school leavers partyC.when will we have the sch
18、ool leavers partyD.when we will have the school leavers partyCCCD5.【2021湖北荆州】9.I hear well have a new English teacher this term.Really?Do you know _?A.what subject he teachesB.where he comes fromC.if he is a math teacherD.why he teaches so well6.【2021湖北十堰】37.What did the teacher say just now?He aske
19、d me_.A.how could I work it out B.when did I go to the libraryC.why I looked unhappy thenD.who I am waiting for7.【2021湖南湘潭】10.Hi,Jeff.Could you please tell me _ on Dragon Boat Festival?I ate zongzi and watched the boat races.A.what did you do B.what do you do C.what you did8.【2021江苏南京】13.Do you know
20、 _,Alfred?At 2:00 tomorrow afternoon.A.when the end-of-term concert began B.when did the end-of-term concert beginC.when the end-of-term concert will begin D.when will the end-of-term concert beginBCCC课时总结词意用法and和，并且表示顺延或并列，如果两个分句都是肯定语气，用and连接。or否则，或者表示选择，如果两个分句的语气为一个肯定，一个否定，则应用or连接。but但是表示转折，but与th
21、oughalthough不能同时用在一个句子中。so所以表示结果，由so连接的并列句可转换成because引导的主从复合句，两者不能同时用在一个句子中表示“因为所以”。for因为表示原因，是对另一个分句的补充说明，但不能放在句子的开头。一、并列句引导词用法例句that本身无意义(口语中可省去)当宾语从句是陈述句时I really believe(that)Tom will help us我确实相信汤姆会帮助我们。ifwhether(or not)是否当宾语从句是一般疑问 句时Im not sure if I ll have time.我不敢肯定我是否会有时问。what，who，where，how，when，why，which，whose，whom等当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时Please tell me when you were born请告诉我你是何时出生的。Id like to know what you want best我想知道你最想要 什么东西。语序用陈述句语序即“主谓等”what is/was the matter语序不变时态根据主句和需要，过去进行时和过去完成时及客观真理不变。二、宾语从句
