1、 第 1 课时 比的意义和性质(1)第 四 单元 在日常生活和工作中,常常把两个数量进行比较。张丽用的时间是李兰的几倍?5 54=4=张丽和李兰所用的时间比是5比4。5 54 4可以写成可以写成5:45:4或或45都读作:都读作:5 5比比4 445同同类类量量的的比比在日常生活和工作中,常常把两个数量进行比较。张丽从家到学校每分钟走多少米?2502505=485=48(m m)张丽所行路程和时间的比是240比5。2402405 5可以写成可以写成240:5240:5或或5240都读作:都读作:240240比比5 5不不同同类类量量的的比比1.用数学方法如何写比,如何读呢?2.比的各部分的名称
2、分别叫什么?3.比和除法、分数的关系各是什么?4.比的后项为什么不能为零?n 自学提纲两个数相除又叫做两个数的比。.54 前项前项 后项后项 比号比号=5 4=比值比值54比的各部分名称:如何去求一个比的比值呢?前项前项后项后项两个数的比也可以写成两个数的比也可以写成分数形式分数形式。“”“”是是比号,读作比号,读作“比比”比的读法写法。被除数被除数除数除数商商一个因数一个因数另一个因数另一个因数积积15 +20 =35150 50 =1002.5 0.5 =5371317 =一个加数一个加数 另一个加数另一个加数和和被减数被减数减数减数差差545 4 比值比值 5 4 比的前项比的前项比的后
3、项比的后项比号比号比与除法、分数之间的关系除法 除数 商 除号 分子 分母分数值 分数线 前项 后项 比值 比号 比n 想一想被除数分数 除法中的除数和分数中的除法中的除数和分数中的分母不能为分母不能为“0”0”,那么比的,那么比的后项呢?后项呢?比的后项也不能为“0”。n 议一议 (2)如果甲数是乙数的3倍,可以说成()与()的比是()。(1)写一个比值为的比。12n 练习题甲数甲数乙数乙数3小强的身高1m,他爸爸的身高是173cm,小强说他和他爸爸的身高比是1 173,对不对?如果不对,你认为是多少呢?100 1731 1.7310 17.3n 讨论题在雅典奥运会网球女子双打决赛中,中国选
4、手李婷/孙甜甜以20击败西班牙选手马丁内斯/帕斯奎尔,勇夺冠军。我们今天学的比跟下面讲的比一样吗?19781978年前,我国农民年人均纯收入年前,我国农民年人均纯收入是是100100元元,经过二十多年的改革开放,现,经过二十多年的改革开放,现在我国农民年人均纯收入为在我国农民年人均纯收入为21002100元元。现。现在农民年人均纯收入与在农民年人均纯收入与19781978年前的比是年前的比是()比值是()。)比值是()。这个比值说明了什么?210010021n 拓展应用团Tiffany,a 16yearold girl,was very shy.Last September,her best
5、friend,Sophie,moved abroad with her family because she had to continue her studies in America.She even said she would not come back for at least a few years.1 “I was really sad the moment I heard the bad news and I didnt know what to do,”Tiffany recalled.“I shut myself in my room for a whole week.It
6、 was then that my aunt took me to a sports club one Saturday and I saw so many young people playing different kinds of sports there.I signed up for a beginners course in volleyball and since then I have been playing this sport.Now I practice twice a week there.It is wonderful playing sports in this
7、club and I have made lots of friends as well.2 ”The most basic aim of playing sports is that you can improve your health even if you are not very good at sports.Besides,you can get to know a circle of people at your age while playing sports.3 Since she joined the sports club,she has opened up hersel
8、f and now she has become very active and enjoys meeting and talking with others.1Its polite for girls to kiss each other on the side of the face.4Its no big deal.For most people,that is one of the reasons why they join a sports club.4 You dont have to sit down and talk to strangers.You go in for spo
9、rts and it is easier to understand your partners on the same team.Now Tiffany is quite popular with her friends and she has also become more confident.团圆圆一家在台湾可受欢迎了。每天,小朋友们排着长队,等着跟它们合影留念。从“排着长队”体现出每天喜欢它们的人不计其数,特别受欢迎。从“合影留念”体现出大家都想和大熊猫留住最美丽的瞬间以作纪念。Nothing can be accomplished without norms or standards.感谢阅读下载!祝你生活愉快,身体健康