1、名词性从句（三）名词性从句（三）同位语从句同位语从句 同位语同位语同位语同位语是句子成分的是句子成分的一种一种,它位于它位于名词、名词、代词代词后面后面,说明它们说明它们的性质和情况的性质和情况,它可它可以由以由名词、代词、名名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当词性短语或从句充当。同位语的表现形式有以下几种：同位语的表现形式有以下几种：(1)名词名词 Tom,our monitor,is a handsome boy.(2)代词代词 I myself will do the experiment.(3)数词数词 She is the oldest among them six.同位语同位语 同位语
2、同位语4.短语短语 I,the oldest girl in the family,always have to take care of the other children.5.句子句子The girls are surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.巨大的海轮能开到五大湖，让这些女孩很惊讶。巨大的海轮能开到五大湖，让这些女孩很惊讶。(1)同位语从句的定义同位语从句的定义在复合句中用作在复合句中用作同位语同位语的从句称为同位语从句。它在句中起同位的从句称为同位语从句。它在句中起同位语的作用。语的
3、作用。同位语从句同位语从句 它一般放在它一般放在抽象名词抽象名词fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,belief,thought,doubt,promise,question等名词的后面等名词的后面,对前面的名词作进一步的对前面的名词作进一步的解释解释,说说明前面名词的具体含义。明前面名词的具体含义。(2)同位语从句同位语从句引导词引导词连接词：连接词：that whether 连接代词：连接代词：what which who 等等连接副词：连接副词：where why when 等等 同位语从句同位语从句 由由that引导引导 The
4、fact that you dont have enough time to do the work is impossible.The hope that he may come here is not gone yet.The problem that she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists.The truth that heavy objects and light objects fall at the same speed is known to all.同位语从句的表现形式同位语从句的表现形式 由
5、由whether引导引导(注意注意：if 不能引导同位语从句不能引导同位语从句）The question whether we need more time to do the work has not been discussed.The question whether his mother goes to hospital should be decided by the family doctor.He must answer the question whether the teacher agrees to the advice or not.同位语从句的表现形式同位语从句的表现形
6、式 由由when where which what who whose 引导引导 I have no idea when they will go.The question who will take the managers place is not clear.I have no idea when he will be back.The question how I can get in touch with him has not been answered.同位语从句的表现形式同位语从句的表现形式把两句话合并成一句话把两句话合并成一句话1.Mr.Li will be our Engl
7、ish teacher.The fact is true.The fact that Mr.Mr.Li will be our English teacher is true.2.The plane would take off on time.The news made everybody happy.The news that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy.3.Great Britain is made up of three parts.The fact is known to many people.The
8、fact that Great Britain is made up of three parts is known to many people.把两句话合并成一句话把两句话合并成一句话4.Should they continue to do the experiment?The problem has been solved.The problem whether they should continue to do the experiment has been solved.5.Do they need more time to do the work?The question has
9、 not been discussed.The question whether they need more time to do the work has not been discussed.把两句话合并成一句话把两句话合并成一句话6.He has been elected monitor of our class.The news is true.The news that he has been elected monitor of our class is true.7.They won the prize.The fact made us happy.The fact that
10、they won the prize made us happy.8.The earth turns around the sun.The truth is known to us.The truth that the earth turns around the sun is known to us.同位语从句有时被别的词把它同位语从句有时被别的词把它和名词隔开：和名词隔开：注意注意:The story goes that William Tell killed the king with an arrow.Word came that their team had won.同位语从句与定语
11、从句在使用中常常混淆同位语从句与定语从句在使用中常常混淆,我我 们可以从以下几个方面区别它们们可以从以下几个方面区别它们:同位语从句同位语从句说明的名词大都是说明的名词大都是抽象名词抽象名词;定语从句定语从句所修饰、限定的名词或代词有所修饰、限定的名词或代词有抽象的抽象的 也有也有不抽象的。不抽象的。The fact that you dont have enough time to do the work is impossible.The woman who is standing at the door is my English teacher.同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句与定
12、语从句的区别 同位语从句所说明的同位语从句所说明的名词与从句没有逻辑关系名词与从句没有逻辑关系；定语从句所限定的名词是从句逻辑上的定语从句所限定的名词是从句逻辑上的主语、宾语、表语、主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语定语、状语等。等。The fact that you dont have enough time to do thework is impossible.The woman who is standing at the door is my English teacher.同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句的区别 同位语从句同位语从句主要由连接词主要由连接词that引导引导,
13、有时也可用有时也可用when,where,who,whether等引导等引导;定语从句定语从句由由关系代词或关系副关系代词或关系副词引导。词引导。Then he raised the question where they were to get the machine needed.Do you know the place where he was born?同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句的区别 引导同位语从句的引导同位语从句的连词不可省略连词不可省略;引导定语从句的关系代词作引导定语从句的关系代词作宾语时常可省略宾语时常可省略。The news that he has b
14、een elected monitor of our class is true.The news(that)he told me is exciting.同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句的区别区别下列句子哪些是同位语从句区别下列句子哪些是同位语从句,哪些是定语从句。哪些是定语从句。1.The fact that Great Britain is made up of three parts is known to many.2.The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is comin
15、g.3.The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空。12.I cant decide _ book I should buy.13.China is no longer _ it used to be.14.I am very interested in _ he improved his English in such a short time.15._
16、we need is more money.which what how what1.The fact _ she works hard is well known to us all.A.that B.what C.why D.which2.The fact _ he was successful proves his ability.A.that B.what C.which D.why3.The news _ the young man was a professor surprised us greatly.A.what B.that C.why D.when4.His suggest
17、ion _ the meeting be put off was turned down.A.which B.that C./D.it单项选择单项选择5.I have no idea _ he will start.A.when B.that C.what D./6.Ive come from the government with a message _ the meeting wont be held tomorrow.A.if B.that C.whether D.which7.The thought _ he might fail in the exam worried him.A.w
18、hen B.which C.what D.that8.The order _ the prisoner be set free arrived too late.A.which B.whether C.that D.what9.The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patients fear _ he would die of the disease.A.that B.as C.of which D.which10.He often asked me the question _ the work was worth doing.A.wh
19、ether B.where C.that D.when11.Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas.A.which B.that C.what D.whether13.Luckily,wed brought a road map _we would have lost our way without.A.it B.that C.this D.who14.There are signs _ restaurants are becoming more popular with families.A.that B.which C.in which D.whose15.We can see the same signs _ stand out all over the city.A.that B.on which C.in which D.whose
