1、过去分词作定语和状语过去分词作定语和状语LOREM IPSUM DOLOR过去分词有两个显著的特点，即：从过去分词有两个显著的特点，即：从时间上讲，表示动作已经完成；从语时间上讲，表示动作已经完成；从语态上讲，表示被动的概念，但是如果态上讲，表示被动的概念，但是如果是不及物动词用作过去分词形式，则是不及物动词用作过去分词形式，则只表示时间上的过去，而没有被动意只表示时间上的过去，而没有被动意义。过去分词在句中通常可以作表语、义。过去分词在句中通常可以作表语、补足语、定语或状语补足语、定语或状语.一、过去分词作定语一、过去分词作定语1.1.过去分词作定语时，单个分词一般放在名词之前，过去分词作定
2、语时，单个分词一般放在名词之前，分词短语放在名词之后。分词短语放在名词之后。Her job was to take care of the Her job was to take care of the woundedwounded soldier.soldier.We are doing our We are doing our writtenwritten exercises.exercises.The machine The machine run by the old workerrun by the old worker is made in is made in Shanghai.
3、Shanghai.过去分词作定语时,它的作用相当于一个定语从句。This will be the best novel of its kind ever written.This will be the best novel of its kind ever written.=Who were the so-called guests Who were the so-called guests invited(=)to your invited(=)to your part last night?part last night?注意：如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+thi
4、ng/body/one所构成的不定代词或指示代词those等时，即使一个单一的分词作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词的后面。例如：Is there anything unsolved?There is nothing changed here since I left this town.2.2.表示情感的动表示情感的动词的过去分词词的过去分词 由表示情感或心理状态的动词的过去分词由表示情感或心理状态的动词的过去分词作定语时，通常不可以修饰无生命物，有些过作定语时，通常不可以修饰无生命物，有些过去分词已经完全形容词化。去分词已经完全形容词化。常见的这类过去分词有：disappointed,moved
5、,interested,touched.surprised,shocked,puzzled,frightened等。12a frightened driver 吓坏了的司机 a disappointed girl 感到失望的女孩 newly-arrived goods 新到的新到的fallen leaves 落叶落叶 faded flowers 凋谢的花凋谢的花 2133.不及物动词的过去分词作定语时只表示动作的完成，而没有被动语态的意义。如：练习练习1.What1.What s the language _ in Germany?s the language _ in Germany?A.s
6、peaking B.spoken C.be spoken A.speaking B.spoken C.be spoken D.to speakD.to speak2.Most of the artists _ to the party 2.Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa.were from South Africa.A.invited B.to invite A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.had been invitedC.being invited D.had
7、 been invited3.The computer centre,_ last year,is 3.The computer centre,_ last year,is very popular among the students in this very popular among the students in this school.school.A.open B.opening A.open B.opening C.having opened D.opened C.having opened D.opened 4.The first textbooks _ for teachin
8、g English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A.having written B.to be written C.being written D.written 二、过去分词作状语二、过去分词作状语1.1.过去分词作状语时其逻辑主过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语应该和句子的主语保持一致。语应该和句子的主语保持一致。通常过去分词在句中可以作时间通常过去分词在句中可以作时间状语、原因状语、方式状语、伴状语、原因状语、方式状语、伴随状语和让步状语等，而且可以随状语和让步状语等，而且可以与对应的状语从句进行句型转换。与对应的状语从
9、句进行句型转换。1 1）过去分词做时间状语）过去分词做时间状语1.1.When it is heated,When it is heated,ice will be changed into ice will be changed into water.water.When heated,ice will be changed into water.2.2.When it is seen under When it is seen under a microscope,a microscope,a fresh a fresh snowflake has a delicate snowflake
10、 has a delicate six-pointedsix-pointed.Seen under a microscope,a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed shape.2 2）过去分词作原因状语）过去分词作原因状语1.1.Since/As she was given Since/As she was given advice by the famous advice by the famous detective,detective,the young lady the young lady was no longer afraid.
11、was no longer afraid.Given advice by the Given advice by the famous detective,famous detective,the the young lady was no longer young lady was no longer afraid.afraid.2.2.Because it was done in a Because it was done in a hurry,hurry,his homework was his homework was full of mistakes.full of mistakes
12、.Done in a hurry,Done in a hurry,his his homework was full of homework was full of mistakes.mistakes.3）过去分词作条件或者假设状语1.If they had been given more attention,the cabbages could have grown better.Given more attention,the cabbages could have grown better.2.Kept in refrigerator,these vegetables will rema
13、in fresh.If they are kept in refrigerator,these vegetables will remain fresh.4）过去分词作方式或伴随状语1.The hunter left his house,followed by his dog.The hunter left his house,and he was followed by his dog.2.She sat by the window,lost in thought.She sat by the window,and she was lost in thought.lost 表示一种迷失心理状
14、态练习练习1.The Olympic Games,_ in 776 B.C.,didnt include women until 1912.A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be playing2.When _ if she would request a rise,the actress said that money was not important.A.asked B.asking C.having asked D.being asked3.Yesterday I saw in the newspaper
15、a teaching post _ at a school close to my home and I wanted to apply for it.A.advertises B.advertising C.advertised D.to advertise4._ time,hell make a first-class tennis player A.Having given B.To give C.Giving D.Given 5.Mr Smith,_ of the _ speech,started to read a novel.A.tired;boring B.tiring;bore
16、d C.tired;bored D.tiring;boring 6.Unless _ to speak,you should remain silent at the conference.A.invited B.inviting C.being invited D.having invited 7.When _,the museum will be open to the public next year.A.completed B.completing C.being completed D.to be completed8.If _ the same treatment again,he
17、 is sure to get well.A.giving B.give C.given D.being given 9._ in 1636,Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.A.Being founded B.It was founded C.Founded D.Founding 过去分词专项练习过去分词专项练习1.The song is often heard _ in English.A.to sing B.singing C.sing D.sung2._ in the rain,he
18、was wet to the skin.A.Be caught B.Catching C.Caught D.Having caught3.When Mr.Zhang spoke in class,there was so much noise that he couldnt make himself _.A.hearing B.heard C.to hear D.hear4.After his journey from abroad,Richard Johns returned home,_.A.exhausted B.exhausted C.being exhausted D.having
19、exhausted5._ for a long time,but he insisted on writing the novel.A.Having been ill B.Although being ill C.He being ill D.He was ill6._ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.A.Having lost B.To lose C.Lost D.Being lost7._ from his accent,he is from Shanghai.A.Judged B.Judging C.Judge
20、D.To judge8.Sarah,hurry up.I am afraid that you cant have time to _before the party.A.get changing B.get change C.get to change D.get changed9._ from other continents for millions of years,Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.A.Being separated B.To be sep
21、arated C.Having separated D.Having been separated10.Sugar,when _ with water,dissolve quickly.A.is mixed B.mixing C.mixed D.mix11.Do let mother know all the truth.She appears _ everything.A.to be told B.to have been told C.to tell D.to be telling12.Having been attacked by terrorists,_.A.the tall buil
22、ding collapsed B.doctors came to their rescues C.an emergency measure was taken D.warnings were given to tourists13.Prices of daily good _ through a computer can be lower than store prices.A.are bought B.been bought C.buying D.bought14._ the general state of his health,it may take him a while to rec
23、over from the operation.A.Having given B.Giving C.Given D.To give15.The prize of the game show is$30,000 and all expenses _ vacation to China.A.paying B.paid C.to be paid D.being paid16._ in 1936,Harvard is one of the most famous universities in USA.A.Being found B.It was founded C.Founded D.Foundin
24、g17.-She should not have done that sort of thing.-Whatever she did was reasonable,_to what you had done;besides,it is none of your business.Get down to _ your lessons.A.compared;doing B.comparing;doing C.compared;do D.comparing;do18._ the month and the year,the book was put on the bookshelf.A.Being
25、marked B.Marked with C.Marking with D.Having marked19._,she couldnt say even a word.A.Excited B.Being excited C.Exciting D.Being exciting20.The youngest daughter got angry again.Mother felt very _ and fathers face wore a _ expression.A.puzzled;puzzling B.puzzling;puzzled C.puzzling;puzzling D.puzzle
26、d;puzzled21.Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to _ since the flood hit the area last Friday.A.having been missing B.have got lost C.be missing D.get lost 22._ in a friendly way,their quarrel came to an end.A.Being settled B.Settled C.Having settled D.Settling 23.When we came into the reading room,we found her _ at a desk,with her attention _ on a book.A.sitting;fixing B.sit;fixed C.sitting;to be fixed D.seated;fixed
