1、英语句子通常有两种语序一种是陈述语序一种是倒装语序英语句子通常有两种语序：一种是陈述语序，英语句子通常有两种语序：一种是陈述语序，一种是倒装语序。将谓语的一部分或全部置一种是倒装语序。将谓语的一部分或全部置于主语之前的语序叫做倒装语序。而倒装可于主语之前的语序叫做倒装语序。而倒装可分为二种：将整个谓语提到主语之前的叫完分为二种：将整个谓语提到主语之前的叫完全倒装（全倒装（full inversionfull inversion）；）；而只将而只将be be、情情态动词或者助动词放在主语之前的叫做部分态动词或者助动词放在主语之前的叫做部分倒装（倒装（partial inversionpartia
2、l inversion）。）。1.在以在以here、there、now、then等副词等副词开头的句子里。开头的句子里。(1)Here is the seat for you.(2)There goes the bell.(3)Now comes your turn.(4)Then followed three days of heavy rain.4.当表示地点的介词词组在句首时。当表示地点的介词词组在句首时。在上述四种句子中，如果主语为人称代在上述四种句子中，如果主语为人称代词，则不需要倒装。词，则不需要倒装。In he came and back he went again.(1)At
3、the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake.(2)The soldiers ran to the building,on the top of which flew a flag.(3)East of the lake lie two towns.(4)Under the tree was lying a wounded soldier.(1)Only then did he find it important to get along with others.(2)Only in this way can we make great progress
4、.(3)Only after he came back were you able to see him.1.Only在句首，修饰副词，介词词组或状语在句首，修饰副词，介词词组或状语从句时。从句时。Not only did they break into his office and steal his books,but they also tore up his manuscripts.以关联连词以关联连词not only.but also开首的句开首的句子或者分句也是如此。子或者分句也是如此。位于句首的位于句首的only，（，（包括连词包括连词not only.but also）只修饰（
5、或连接）主语部分，则不引只修饰（或连接）主语部分，则不引起倒装。起倒装。Only Jack can answer this question.(1)Seldom had I seen such a beautiful picture.(2)Hardly had I arrived home when the phone rang.2.当句首状语为否定词或带有否定含义的词当句首状语为否定词或带有否定含义的词语时，常见的这类词或词语有语时，常见的这类词或词语有not,never,hardly,seldom,rarely,scarcely 以及以及not until,no sooner,.than,
6、hardly.when,.no.等。等。但当否定词否定主语，否定词组不含否定含但当否定词否定主语，否定词组不含否定含义，或者句首状语的否定意义已为随后的另义，或者句首状语的否定意义已为随后的另一名词所抵消，此时则不需要倒装。一名词所抵消，此时则不需要倒装。(1)Not a leaf had fallen from the trees though autumn was well advanced.(2)In no time the locusts came clown and started eating everything.(3)Not infrequently they go abroa
7、d.(1)Should I be free this afternoon,I would come and help you with your lesson.(2)Were I in your place.I would not be fit for your job.(3)Had it not been for the captain,the ship would have sunk with all on board.3.在省去在省去if的虚拟条件从句中。的虚拟条件从句中。Werent it for his wifes money,he would never be a director
8、.我们可以说我们可以说Were it not.或者或者Had it not been.,但不可以说但不可以说Weren t it.或者或者hadnt it been.因此下列句子因此下列句子应视为病句。应视为病句。(1)So excited was he that he couldnt say a word.(2)To such lengths did she go in rehearsal that two actors walked out.(3)In such a hurry did the man rush out that he almost knocked me down.4.在在
9、So.that,to such.that 或者或者in such.that的句型中。的句型中。5.当当So位于句首，表示前面所说的情况也适位于句首，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一人（或物）时。用于另一人（或物）时。I trusted him completely.So would anyone who knew him.在在So it is(was)with 的句型或者当的句型或者当So表示表示“的确如此，确实是这样的确如此，确实是这样”，以示同意和肯，以示同意和肯定某种说法，或者加以强调时，常常不引起定某种说法，或者加以强调时，常常不引起倒装。倒装。(1)Jack studies Germa
10、n,but he doesnt study French.So it is with Jim.(2)Its going to be a cold winter.Yes,So the newspaper says.(3)Li Ping studies hard.So he does.因此我们常常可看到下列这类句子。因此我们常常可看到下列这类句子。You say Tom went to the ball yesterday.So he did,and so did I.(1)I didnt mean what I said,you know.Neither(Nor)did I.(2)I dont
11、know.Neither(Nor)do I care.6.当当neither nor位于句首，表示前面否定位于句首，表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一人或物时；或者表示的内容也适用于另一人或物时；或者表示否定的意义在延伸的时候。否定的意义在延伸的时候。7.当方式状语、频度状语等提至句首时，当方式状语、频度状语等提至句首时，有时也可引起部分倒装。有时也可引起部分倒装。(1)Well do I remember the day that I saw a terrible accident on that road.(2)Many a time has he given me good advice.8
12、.用于用于“形容词（或名词、动形容词（或名词、动词）词）”+as(though)引导的让步状语从句中。引导的让步状语从句中。Pretty as she is,she is not clever.Try as he would,he might fail again.Child as he was,he had to make a living.注：从句的表语是名词，其名词前不加注：从句的表语是名词，其名词前不加任何冠词任何冠词9.有时为了平衡句子的需要，以避免头重有时为了平衡句子的需要，以避免头重脚轻之感。脚轻之感。(1)Gone forever are the dark days of th
13、e old society.(2)Such are the rewards that always crown virtue.(Shakespeare)在以上各类句型中，如果谓语动词只有在以上各类句型中，如果谓语动词只有系动词系动词be，则这类句子应属于全倒装。则这类句子应属于全倒装。So small was the mark that I could hardly see it.在带有倒装句的复合句（或并列句）中，到底应在何处倒装，不少初学者觉得难以掌握。下面的顺口溜可以帮助你较容易地掌握其结构形式。前倒后不，前倒后不，O O，NUNU主倒从不倒，主倒从不倒，2 2N N前倒后也倒，前倒后也
14、倒，NMNM前后均不倒前后均不倒NB代表代表Not only，but also引导的并引导的并列句。列句。not only位于句首时，所引导的前面位于句首时，所引导的前面的分句倒装，后面的分句不倒装。故此称为的分句倒装，后面的分句不倒装。故此称为“前倒后不倒前倒后不倒”。1）Not only did he come，but also he was very happy2）Not only was everything that he had taken away from him,but also his German citizenship（was taken away）O代表代表only状
15、语从句；状语从句；NU代表代表Not until状语从句。此两种结构位于句首时，倒装主句状语从句。此两种结构位于句首时，倒装主句而不倒装从句，即：而不倒装从句，即：“主倒从不倒主倒从不倒”。1）Only when he told me did I know it2）Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wastedNo soonerthan，HardlyScarcelywhen等句型也属此类用法。等句型也属此类用法。No sooner（Hardly）had we reached home than（when）it
16、 began to rain2N代表代表Neithernor所引导的并列句。所引导的并列句。2N若位于两分句之首，则前后分句均倒装。若位于两分句之首，则前后分句均倒装。即即“前倒后也倒前倒后也倒”。Neither do I know her name，nor does he.NM即即No matter引导的状语从句。此时引导的状语从句。此时前面从句及后面主句均不倒装。即前面从句及后面主句均不倒装。即“前后均前后均不倒不倒”。No matter how busy he is，he always comes to help us1.疑问句中，如果疑问词作主语或疑问句中，如果疑问词作主语或主语的修饰
17、语，主谓不倒装。主语的修饰语，主谓不倒装。What happened to her？How many persons are working in that laboratory？2.在以在以in，out，back，up，down，off，away，here，there等副词开头等副词开头的句子中，如果主语是人称代词，主的句子中，如果主语是人称代词，主谓不倒装。谓不倒装。Away he went to the station.Here she comes.3.如果置于句首的由如果置于句首的由only引导的词组不引导的词组不是状语，而是主语，则主谓不倒装。是状语，而是主语，则主谓不倒装。Only
18、 the teachers are allowed to use this room.Only some of the children like English.4.如果置于句首的如果置于句首的 not onlybut also仅连接作主语的两个并列词组，仅连接作主语的两个并列词组，则主语和谓语不倒装。则主语和谓语不倒装。Not only men but also women and children are affected by the new law.5.把副词性替代词把副词性替代词so提前，如果两句的主语相提前，如果两句的主语相同，且后者只是进一步肯定或强调前者，同，且后者只是进一步肯定或强调前者，so后面的语序不倒装。后面的语序不倒装。Its raining.So it is.Bob didnt know about it.So he didnt.6.以以 so开头的句型，如果是开头的句型，如果是so it is（was）with+另一主语，此时，主另一主语，此时，主语和谓语不倒装。语和谓语不倒装。Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language.So it was with Engels.
