1、第一篇第一篇 中考语言基础知识中考语言基础知识第第8 8课课 八八上上 Modules 46 46重点易错单词1._（n.）交通事故；意外事件2._（prep.）除之外3._（n.）选择4._（adj.）拥挤的；人数过多的5._（n.）女演员6._（adj.）普通的；一般的7._（num.）第二十8._（v.）描写；描述9._（n.）社会10._（n.）大学；学院11._（v.）保护；保卫12._（n.）研究；探讨13._（n.）形势；情况14._（n.）科学家accident except choice crowded actress common twentieth describe so
2、ciety college protect research situation scientist 重点易错单词15._（v.）生育；繁殖16._（n.）西南 （adj.）西南的17._（n.）政府18._（v.）研制；制定19._（n.）象征；标志20._（n.）旅行 produce southwest government develop symbol journey 一词多义1._（n.）书；本子 （v.）预订2._（v.）生长；发展；变成；种植；培育；栽培；变得 3._（n.）公园 （v.）停放（车）；泊车4._（n.）名字 （v.）取名；给命名5._（v.）展示；显示 （n.）演出
3、；表演6._（conj.）如果；是否 book growpark name show if词形变换1.choose（v.）_（n.）选择2.far（adj./adv.）_（比较级）更远的；更远 _（最高级）最远的；最远 _（反义词）近的；接近地3.crowded（adj.）_（比较级）更拥挤的 _（最高级）最拥挤的4.produce（v.）_（n.）生产；产品5.actress（n.）_（对应词）男演员 _（pl.）女演员6.twenty（num.）_（序数词）第二十7.describe（v.）_（n.）描述；描写 choice farther/further farthest/furthes
4、t close more crowded most crowded production actor actresses twentieth description 词形变换8.thin（adj.）_（比较级）更薄的 _（最高级）最薄的9.society（n.）_（pl.）社会10.peace（n.）_（adj.）和平的；平静的11.baby（n.）_（pl.）婴儿；婴孩12.science（n.）_（n.）科学家13.outside（prep.）_（反义词）在之内14.nature（n.）_（adj.）自然的；天然的15.develop（v.）_（n.）制定；研制 _（现在分词）制定；研制1
5、6.end（n.）_（v.）结束 thinner thinnest societies peaceful babies scientist inside natural development developing end 中考词组短语1._ 送去2._ 在一所大学3._ 一起道路交通事故4._ 与一样5._ 交通繁忙6._ 远离7._ 靠近8._ 坐地铁9._ 最佳方式10._ 计划做某事11._ 乘长途汽车12._ 市中心13._ 变得拥挤 send.to.at a college a road accident the same as.so much traffic far from b
6、e close to take the underground the best way plan to do sth.by coach the city centre get crowded中考词组短语14._ 不知道15._ 旅途开心16._ 下次17._ 到进行一次短暂的旅行18._ 在东海岸19._ 处于危险中20._ 对做某事感兴趣21._ 允许做22._ 在野外23._ 的标志24._ 阻止某人做某事25._ 想到；想出26._ 拿走 no idea have a great trip next time make a short trip to.on the east coast
7、 in danger be interested to do sth.allow.to do.in the wild a symbol of.stop sb.（from）doing sth.think of take away中考词组短语27._ 终于；最后28._ 平静地29._ 筹钱30._ 查明31._ 遍及全世界32._ 做研究33._ 以为食34._ 主动提出做某事35._ 19世纪36._ 五年后37._ 发生38._ 热烈欢迎 at last/in the end in peace raise money find out all over the world do resear
8、ch feed on.offer to do sth.the nineteenth century five years later take place give a warm welcome中考句型回顾语法句型1.He lives _ _ from school.他住得离学校最远。2._ _ information,_ _.信息越多越好。3.Its _ _ comfortable way,but its also _ _ expensive 这是最舒适的方式，但也是最贵的（方式）。4.Lao She is _ of the _ Chinese _ of the twentieth cent
9、ury 老舍是20世纪最伟大的中国作家之一。the farthest The more the better the most the most one greatest writers 中考句型回顾语法句型5.But I am _ _ _ see the pandas in the Wolong Panda Reserve,because it allows people _ _ closer to them 但是我对在卧龙大熊猫自然保护区看大熊猫更感兴趣，因为它允 许人们更近地接触它们。6.Its sad _ _ of pandas and other animals in danger
10、一想到大熊猫和其他濒危动物，就让人伤心。7.Lets find out what else we can do _ _ as many animals as possible 让我们看看还能做些什么来拯救尽可能多的动物。8.I wanted _ _ the Beijing Opera,so Lingling _ _ take me there 我想看京剧，所以玲玲主动提出带我去那儿。more interested to to get to think to save to see offered to 中考句型回顾功能句型1.交通方式：He goes _ bus too,_ same _ me
11、 他也坐公交车，和我一样。_,it will not cost _ _ as going by train.然而，它的花费不会像乘坐火车去的花费那么多。I think _ _ _ is by trainbecause the train station is the _ to our home 我觉得最佳方式是坐火车，因为火车站离我们家最近。And _ _ you about twelve hours _ _ there.你到达那里大约要花12个小时。A journey _ train is _ _ than by coach,but a lot more expensive 乘火车旅行比乘长
12、途汽车更令人放松，但是贵很多。by the as However as much the best way closest it takes to get by more relaxing 中考句型回顾功能句型2.文学作品：Hes especially _ _ his play Teahouse.他尤其以他的戏剧茶馆而出名。The story of Teahouse _ _ in Beijing.茶馆的故事发生在北京。_ _ _,people began to translate his works into English 在20世纪20年代，人们开始把他的作品翻译成英文。He wrote
13、many _,novels and short stories about _ lives,and was named“the Peoples _”.他写了很多关于人民生活的戏剧、（长篇）小说和短篇小说，并 被誉为“人民艺术家”。famous for takes place In the 1920s plays peoples Artist 中考句型回顾功能句型3.动物：Pandas _ _ the _ and mountains of Southwest China 大熊猫生活在中国西南部的深山老林里。_ _ _ about 1,600 pandas in _ wild today.现在在野
14、外只有大约一千六百只大熊猫。live in forests There are only the 一、take v.乘坐；买下；吃；喝；服（药）；取走；拿走；带走；携带；持续；花费（时间）；拍（照）。如：I usually take a bus to work.我常常坐公共汽车去上班。We take two newspapers a day.我们每天买两份报纸。Take your medicine.把药服下。Who has taken my chocolate?是谁拿了我的巧克力？How long does the flight take?这个航班要飞多久？Byrd and his men t
15、ook lots of photos of the mountains.伯德和他的助手们拍了许多群山的照片。常用短语：take after（外貌）相像；take off 起飞，脱下；take pictures/photos照相；take care of照顾，照料；take up占据（时间/空间）；take it easy别紧张；take away拿走，夺走；take out of拿出，取出；take a risk/risks冒风险；take a seat坐下；take steps/measures to do sth.采取措施做某事；take action（on）（对）采取措施；take ca
16、re当心；take.for example以为例；take hold of抓住，吸引住；take it/things easy放松，不要过于紧张/劳累；take notes 做笔记；take notice（of）注意，理会；take part（in）参加，参与；take place发生，举行；take a walk散步；take pride in/be proud of.为感到自豪/骄傲；take ones place/take the place of sb.代替某人；take turns（to do sth.）轮流（做某事）。take,spend,cost与pay这四个词都可以表示“花费”
17、，但用法却不尽相同。1.spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：spend time/money on sth./（in）doing sth.在/做某事上花费时间/金钱。2.cost的主语是物，常用于以下结构：sth.costs（sb.）money 某物花了（某人）多少钱。3.take常见用法为：It takes/took sb.timeto do sth.做某事花费某人多少时间。（其中 “it”是形式主语，真正的主语是“to do sth.”）4.pay的主语通常是人，常用于以下结构：（1）pay（sb.）money for sth.付钱（给某人）买某物。（2）pay for sth.付某
18、物的钱。（3）pay for sb.替某人付钱。（4）pay sb.付钱给某人。（5）pay money back 还钱。（6）pay off ones money还清钱。A）填入适当的词或用所给词的适当形式填空。1.I usually take _ walk with my dog.2.It took him two hours _（finish）his work yesterday.3.Yuan Longping is such a great scientist that all of us take pride _ him.4.Take _ easy,my boy.You can su
19、cceed.5.The girl can take care _ herself well.6.Miss Wang is ill and Mr Mao will take _ place of her.7.The big table takes _ a lot of room.8.Hurry up!The plane is taking _ soon.a to finish in it of the up off B）根据句子意思和时态，用spend,take,cost和pay的正确形式填空。9.I _ two hours on this maths problem yesterday.10.
20、The car _ him around ten thousand US dollars.11.May I borrow 12 yuan from you?Ill _ it back next week.12.They _ two years building this bridge.13.A new computer _ a lot of money.14.It _ them three years to build this road.15.I have to _ them 20 pounds for this room each month.16.I have to _ for the
21、lost book.spent cost pay spent costs took pay pay 二、enough 1.pron.足够；充分；充足。如：Enough has been said about this problem.有关这个问题，已经谈得够多了。2.adj.足够的。修饰名词，常放在被修饰名词之前。如：We have enough time to get to the airport.我们来得及赶到机场。3.adv.足够地；充分地。修饰形容词或副词，常放在被修饰形容词或 副词之后。如：Youre not driving fast enough.你开车不够快。根据汉语意思翻译句子
22、。（每空一词）1.这个房子对我们三个来说足够大。The house is _ _ for us three.2.他有足够的钱买辆汽车。He has _ _ to buy a car.3.我吃饱了。I have had _.4.他说话慢得每个人都能听懂。He spoke _ _ for everyone to understand.big enough enough money enough slowly enough 三、if conj.如果，假使；是否，是不是。如：If you see him,give him this note.你要是见到他，就把这个便条给他。Do you know if
23、 he has married?你知道他是否结婚了吗？注意：注意：if引导条件状语从句，常遵循“主将从现”原则，即：主句用一 般将来时，从句用一般现在时。如：If it does not rain tomorrow,we will go hiking.如果明天不下雨，我们就去远足。常用短语：even if即使；if only要是就好了；only if只有；as if好像；what if倘若。if与whetherif和whether都可以引导从句，意为“是否”。但以下几种情况只能使用whether而不能使用if：1.引导主语从句时。如：Whether we shall attend the me
24、eting hasnt been decided yet.2.引导表语从句时。如：The question is whether the film is worth seeing.3.引导同位语从句时。如：Please answer my question whether you are coming.4.引导动词后面的宾语从句置于句首时。如：Whether she is married I dont know.5.引导动词后面的宾语从句表示选择概念时。如：He wondered whether he should wait for them or go on.6.引导动词后面的宾语从句，后面
25、紧接or not时。如：He asked me whether or not I would come.7.引导介词后面的宾语从句时。如：It all depends on whether they will support us.8.后接动词不定式作宾语时。如：He doesnt know whether to stay（or not）.9.为了避免与表示条件的if重复或为了避免产生歧义时，常使用whether。如：Please let me know if you like it.该句可译为“请告诉我你是否喜欢。”或“如果你喜欢，请告诉我。”如果使用whether就可以避免产生歧义。填入适
26、当的词或用所给词的适当形式填空。1.He wondered _ he should go there by air or by sea.2.I dont know if he _（come）tomorrow.3.If he _（come）,Ill call you.4._ you need money,I can lend you some.5.Would you mind _ I open a window?6.I wouldnt tell you even _ I knew.7.I dont know _ to believe him.8.I dont care _ or not youl
27、l stay.whether will come comes If if if whether whether 四、offer 1.n.提供；建议。如：Thank you for your kind offer of help.谢谢你的好心帮助。2.vt.提供；建议。如：Peter offered to teach them water-skiing.彼得主动提出教他们滑水。offer与provide两者都可意为“供给；提供”，但用法不同。1.provide指有远见，为应付意外、紧急情况等做好充分准备而“供给；提供”，可用于provide sb.（with sth.）或provide sth.
28、（for sb.）结构。如：The school provided food for the students.=The school provided the students with food.学校为学生提供伙食。They provided some necessary support for the sufferers.他们为受难者提供了一些必要的援助。2.offer侧重表示“愿意给予”，常用于offer sb.sth.,offer sth.to sb.或offer to do sth.结构。如：He offered me a job,but I didnt accept.他给我提供了
29、一份工作，但是我没有接受。He sometimes offers money to the homeless.=He sometimes offers the homeless money.他有时会给无家可归的人一些钱。He offered to go instead of me.他主动提出代替我去。填入适当的词或用所给词的适当形式填空。1.He offered _（lend）me some books.2.He offered a glass of wine _ me.3.Sheep provide us _ wool.4.The villagers provided food _ the
30、children.5.The old man offered _（we）some good ideas.6.The Internet provides us _ plenty of information.7.If your parents are having problems,you should offer _（help）.to lend to with for us with to help 五、except prep.除之外。如：We work every day except Sunday.我们除星期天外每天都工作。except与except for两者都意为“除以外；除去”，两者
31、有时可以通用。如：Everyone is here except/except for Anna.除了安娜外，大家都到了。但两者有时又有一些区别：1.except表示同类事物间的关系。如：We all went to the park except Tom.我们都去了公园，除了汤姆。But nobody was late,except me.但是没有人迟到，除了我。2.except for用于表示对主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定，它不表示同类 事物之间的关系。如：I can answer all the questions except for the last one.除了最后一题外，所有题目
32、我都可以解答。Mr Smith is a good man,except for his bad temper.除了脾气不好外，史密斯先生是个好人。用except或except for填空。1.All the students are having class _ Daming.He is at home because of illness.2.Your composition is wonderful _ some spelling mistakes.3.We all succeeded _ Tom4.Your compositions are wonderful _ Li Huas.5.
33、_ Journey to the West,she has also read Little Women.except except for except except Except for 六、raise v.筹集（钱款）；抚养；养育。如：We are raising money for charity.我们在进行慈善募捐。raise与rise两者都可意为“上升”，但它们有区别。1.raise是及物动词，后面必须有宾语，即“某人把某物举起来”。如：I raised the box above my head.我把盒子举过了头顶。（盒子是我举起的，所以用raise）We will have t
34、o raise our fees.我们将不得不提高费用。（raise后面一定要有宾语）He raised his right hand.他举起了右手。相关短语：raise money集资，筹款；raise animals养动物；raise prices提 价；raise ones voice提高嗓门；raise（ones）hand（s）举手；raise a family养家。2.rise是不及物动词，后面不能加宾语，也就是说“某人、某物自己升起 来”。如：The waves rose and fell.波浪起起伏伏。（波浪是自己动的，所以用 rise）Prices rose rapidly.价
35、格快速上涨。（rise为不及物动词，后面一定不 能有宾语）Smoke rose into the sky.空中升起了烟。用raise或 rise的适当形式填空。1.We _ our heads to watch the sun _ over the bridge just now.2.The sun _ in the east.3.A lot of money was _ in this activity.4.I cant hear you clearly.Please _ your voice.5.She stopped her work and _ her head.raised rise
36、 rises raised raise raised The more information,the better.信息越多越好。“the+比较级，the+比较级”意为“越，就越”。如：The more we get together,the happier well be.相聚越多，我们就越高兴。The more,the better.越多越好。The sooner,the better.越快越好。The more friends you have,the happier you will be.朋友越多越快乐。用所给词的适当形式填空。1.The _（careful）you are,the
37、 _（few）mistakes you will make.2.The _（much）exercise you take,the _（health）you will be.3.The _（quick）you run,the more risk you will take.4.The _ we read,the _ we know.（much）more careful fewer more healthier more quickly more more 一、选词填空 用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。1.Dad has a high _,but he still goes to w
38、ork.2.In Paris you can easily meet a group of young _.3.Exercise has become part of my _ routine.4.Youll _ if you dont wear a sweater.5.Our project provided 1,000 _ for the students in poor areas.schoolbag fever artist day catch a cold fever artists daily catch a cold schoolbags 二、单词拼写1.You can have
39、 any of the cakes _（除了）this one.2.It _（花费）me three days to find a present for Dad.3.The rooms are all large _（足够）to take a third bed.4.I want to get back by five oclock _（如果）possible.5._（举起）your hand if you know the right answer.6.They _（提供）him a very good job,but he turned it down.7.The narrow road
40、s were _（拥挤的）with holiday traffic.8.Physical exercise can _（保护）you against heart disease.9.You have a _（选择）you can stay here on your own or you can come with us.10.Tomorrow is my _（第二十）birthday.Im really looking forward to my party.except took enough if Raise offered crowded protect choice twentieth
41、 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Tani,8 years old,ran away from Nigeria with his family two years ago.1 they got to the United States,a churchman 2_ （warm）helped place them in a homeless shelter（收容所）in New York.Tanis dad worked as a driver.And his mum studied hard 3_ （become）a nurse.Tani
42、started going to Primary School 116.There,4_ learnt to play the game that would change his life:chess.On March 10th,Tani 5 （win）a state champion（冠军）for little kids.He beat 73 other players.Some had practised with private chess teachers,but Tani had practised on 6 floor of the homeless shelter alone.
43、When/Afterwarmlyto becomehewonthe A reporter wrote an article about Tani.In three weeks,thousands 7_ people gave away over$250,000 to Tani and his family on GoFundMe.Some also left 8 （message）.“Tani!You are a superstar!”one person wrote.Recently,Tani and his family 9 （decide）to give away all the money.“Thanks to others help,we live much 10 （happily）than before,”Tanis father,Kayode,told TIME for Kids.“Now we want to help poor people.”ofmessageshave decidedmore happily
