1、中考英语语法之形容词和副词的比较级和最高级学习目标1.掌握形容词副词比较级和最高级的变化规则2.学会运用形容词副词比较级和最高级的句型用法目录1.Warming up2.Presentation 2.1 形容词副词的概念及用法 2.2 形容词副词的级 2.3 形容词副词比较级和最高级的变化规则 2.4 形容词副词比较级和最高级的重点句型归纳3.SummaryPART 01Warming uptalltaller u GEM is tall.u Wiber Pan is taller than GEM.形容词的三个等级：原级 比较级 最高级talltaller the tallestu GEM
2、is tall.u Wiber Pan is taller than GEM.u Yi jianlian is the tallest of them.形容词的三个等级：原级 比较级 最高级PART 02Presentation形容词，副词的概念及用法1.形容词：是修饰名词（人或事物），表示名词的性质，特征或属性一种词类。She is a pretty girl.定语 She looks cool.表语 Her songs make me happy.宾补2.副词：用来修饰动词、形容词及其他副词的词叫副词。e.g.1.She works hard.2.I am very busy.3.He r
3、uns too quickly.4.Much to our surprise,all the students passed the exam.5.Luckily,he won the game.形容词，副词的概念及用法3.形容词变副词quick quicklypolite politelywide widelyhappy happilyangry angrily 3.形容词变副词quick quicklypolite politelywide widelyhappy happilyangry angrily 注意：有些以ly 结尾的词是形容词friendly lovely daily ugl
4、y lonely lively一般情况，直接加ly辅y结尾，变y ily1.The girl in red is _.A worse B bad C badly D pretty 2.This sweater looks _and sells_.A well,well B good,nice C nice,good D nice,well 3.The smile on my fathers face showed that he was _with me.A sad B pleased C angry D sorry4.The box is_heavy for the girl to carr
5、y.A.too B.to C.so D.no小试牛刀答案：1.D 2.D 3.B 4.A 形容词、副词的级形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级1.原级：即形容词和副词的原形。small,good,pretty,big,many hard,happily,slowly,quickly 2.比较级：两个人或物之间的比较。标志词：than(比）His hair is shorter than mine.He has short hair than I have.形容词、副词的级运用形容词、副词比较级应当注意的问题：(一)、只有同类的事物才能比较 Her bag is bigger than
6、mine.Her bag is bigger than I.The weather of Kunming is much better than that of Shenyang.The weather of Kunming is much better than Shenyang.(二)、按语法规则，than后面的人称代词应当用主格，但口语当中有时会用宾格代替主格。He is more careful than I(me).3.最高级：三个或三个以上的人或物之间 的比较。标志词：in+大范围,of all,of+the+具体的数字 最高级前一定要加定冠词“the”Peter runs fas
7、test in his class.（adv.最高级前the可以省略）Jack is the tallest of all.注意：当最高级前有物主代词修饰时，其前不加定冠词the.Its our largest machine in our factory.形容词、副词的级判断下列句子中形容词副词的级。1.That is the easiest of all.2.John is shorter than Tom.3.Peter runs fastest in his class.4.I like Mary,because she is very polite.课堂练习规则变化如下：Jack i
8、s taller than Peter.Bruce is the tallest of the three boys.一般直接加-er,-estshort _ _small _ _long _ _形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成2.一般以不发音的e结尾时加-r,-st late-later-latest nice-nicer-nicest3.以辅音字母+y 结尾时把y变i,再加-er -est easy-easier-easiest happy-happier-happiest4.辅元辅结尾，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-er,-est big-bigger-biggest 教你一个小绝招：大热
9、天很悲伤，胖子湿了，瘦子红眼了。big hot sad fat wet thin red5.多音节词和部分双音节词，在词前加 more/most beautifulmore beautiful most beautiful interestingmore interesting most interesting comfortable more comfortable most comfortable boringmore boring most boring 特别提醒：以形容词前缀un构成的三音节形容词不适合上述情况 unhappy-unhappier-unhappiest untidy-u
10、ntidier untidiest 形容词比较级前面加more的情况：1.多音节词 more popular2.以ful 和 less 结尾的形容词，more careful/more careless3.分词式形容词 more tired/more boring 4.某些以ly 结尾的形容词前可加more，也可改y为i,再加er friendlymore friendlier/friendliergood/well better bestbad/badly/ill worse worstmuch/many more mostlittle less leastfar farther/furth
11、er farthest/furthestold older/elder oldest/eldest不规则变化两个好，两个坏，两个多；一个小又少，还有一远和一老。farther 用于实际距离，further 用于除实际距离外的抽象意义的各种“进一步”、“更深入”further discussion/explanation His home is farther to our school than mine.Please give us further explanation.elder 表示“前辈的”、“年纪较长的”只做定语older 指年龄大小 My younger son is five
12、and my elder son is nine。My elder brother joined the army when he was only fifteen.My elder sister is two years older than I am.用括号所给词正确形式填空1.Of the two girls,I find Lucy the _(clever).2.My sister is two years _(old)than I.3.Johns parents have four daughters,and she is the_(young)child.4.The _(cheap
13、)bags are the not usually the best ones.5.I come _(late)than you.课堂练习答案：1.cleverer;2.older;3.younger;4.cheapest;5.later.1.He jumps_of the three.A.far B.further C.farthest D.furthest 2.There is _paper here.Please bring some.A.little B.less C.fewer D.a little 3.Tom speaks Chinese_better than Jimmy.A.m
14、ore B.very C.a lot of D.much 4.There are _girls in Class Two than in Class One.A.more B.nicest C.most D.best 5.Who has_apples now,Jim,Lily or Lucy?A.much B.biggest C.better D.the most 课堂练习答案：1-5 CADAD 当两个人或事物（A和B）进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词（副词）的原级或者比较级1.表达“A=B”，用asas的结构。I am as tall as you.He runs as fast as I.
15、形容词、副词比较级重点句型归纳2表达“A B”用not asas的结构。I am not as/so tall as you.He doesnt run as/so fast as I.形容词、副词比较级重点句型归纳 He thinks Chinese is not as interesting as English.He thinks Chinese is less interesting than English.否定句结构中，部分双音节和单音节词 A B”用“比较级+than”的结构。I am taller than you.I am more outgoing than my sist
16、er.She runs faster than I.形容词、副词比较级重点句型归纳1.English is as_(important)as Chinese.英语和语文一样重要2.Today_(warm)yesterday.今天不如昨天暖和。3.The weather is getting _.越来越槽糕4._you are,_mistakes you will make.你越仔细，做错的题目就越少.5._ you exercise,_youll be.你锻炼得越多,就越健康.答案：5.important.3.is not/so warm as(is less warm than)1.wors
17、e and worse;2.The more careful;the fewer 4.The more;the fatter 1比较级前面可以加上表示“优劣程度”的词或短语.常见词有much,even,a great deal,far,a little,a bit 等He is much taller than I.I feel much/a great deal better today.I jump a little higher than he.Your handwriting is far better than mine.Attention!2.比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的词
18、组,表示具体“大多少”，“小多少”，“长多少”，“短多少”等。I am two years older than he.This building is 20 meters higher than that one.数量词+比较级Attention!4“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”It is getting warmer and warmerHe is running faster and fasterOur country is becoming more and more beautiful形容词、副词比较级重点句型归纳5“the+比较级+主谓，the+比较级+主谓”表示“越，就
19、越”The more,the better.The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you will make.越努力，越幸运！形容词、副词比较级重点句型归纳6“the+比较级+of the two”表示“两个当中较.的一个”Look at the two boys.My younger brother is the more handsome of the two.不可省略形容词、副词比较级重点句型归纳7.A是B的几倍 倍数关系 一倍：once 两倍：twice三倍及以上：基数词+timesThis room is three times as
20、 big as that one.A是B的一半？他的房间是你的一半大。His room is half as big as yours.形容词、副词比较级重点句型归纳 A+比较级+than any other+单数名词。Tony is taller than any other student in his class.Tony is taller than the other students in his class.The Changjiang river is longer than any other river in China.any other student 是除一个学生以外
21、 其他任何一个学生the other students 指除一个以外其余所有学生比较级表示最高级的情况（1）比较这两个句子：1.China is larger than any other country in Asia.2.China is larger than any country in Africa.I have never heard a better voice than yours.I have never read a more intersting novel.1.I failed to catch the last bus on that cold winter.I co
22、uldnt feel _ then.A.more excited B.more terrible C.the most excited D.the most terrible2.What do you think of the movie?Great!I have never seen a _one.A.good B.better C.bad D.worse比较级表示最高级的情况（2）1.Bob never does his homework _ Mary.He often makes lots of mistakes.A.so careful as B.as carefully as C.c
23、arefully as D.as careful as 2.Now air in our town is _ than it used to be.Some action must be taken to solve it.A.very good B.much better C.rather than D.even worse3.I feel _ better than yesterday.A.more B.very C.the D.far4.China has a larger population than _ in the world.A.all the countries B.ever
24、y country C.any country D.any other country当三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词（副词）的最高级1表达“是中最的”,用“the+形容词（副词）的最高级”+in/of 短语。He is the tallest(student)in our class.He jumps the highest of the three boys.This is the best book that I have ever read.形容词、副词最高级重点句型归纳2表示“最的中一个”，“one of+the+最高级+复数名词”He is one of t
25、he best students in our class.This is one of the most beautiful flowers in the garden.注意：形容词的最高级前面有定冠词the，而副词的最高级前面定冠词the可以省略。但在形容词最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格时，不用定冠词the.This is my businest day.This is Toms happiest day.形容词、副词最高级重点句型归纳3.最高级，A,B or C?“哪个最?”Which country is the largest,China,Brazil or Canada?
26、4.the+序数词（second,third)+最高级+表示范围的短语 “是第(二,三)最”The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.形容词、副词最高级重点句型归纳1.Which subject is _,physics or chemistry?A.interesting B.most interesting C.more interesting2.Which is ,the sun,the moon or the earth?Of course,the moon is.A.small B.smaller C.the smal
27、lest 3.David is taller than _in his class.A.any student B the other students C any students 4.The baby cried _.A.harder and harder B hard and hard C more and more hard5.He is _of the two.A taller B the taller boy C the tallest boy6.He jumps of the three.A.further B.farthest C.the furthest7.The Chang
28、 jiang River is one of in the world.A.the longest river B.longest rivers C.the longest rivers 8.The more exercise you take,the you will be.A.weaker B.healthier C.luckier D.worse 9.Nanjing isnt so large _ Shanghai,however,its the second _ city in East China.A.like;largest B.as;largest C.like;large D.
29、as;large 10.The number of tigers is getting _ because their living areas are becoming farmlands.A.small and small B.larger and larger C.smaller and smaller D.large and large 11.Mr Green is one of _ in our school.A.more popular teacher B.many popular teachers C.the most popular teachers D.the popular
30、 teachers 12._ you are,_ mistakes youll make.A.The more careful,the fewer B.More careful,the less C.The more careless,the less D.More careless,fewer 13.Which city is your favorite?Hangzhou,of course.Its the _place that I want to visit.A.worse B.worst C.better D.best 14.She wants to buy_ things with
31、_ money.A.little,few B.more,fewer C.more,less D.a little,a few 15.Wang Ping is _in my class.A.honest B.the honestest C.more honest D.the most honest The_earlier_(越早)kids learn to be independent,the better it is for their future.The rising number of cars made the air in the city become even_worse_(ba
32、d)The Yangtze River is the third_longest_(long)river.Simon has the fewest paper clips in his class.(同义句转换)Simon has fewer paper clips than_any_other_ student in his class.5.After Alibaba became listed,Ma Yun became one of the_most wealthy_(wealthy)men in the world.PART 03Summary形容词、副词原级的用法比较级句型(7+2)最高级句型(4)比较级、最高级的构成Summary
