1、 Reading for Writing Look at the picture and title,infer the type of the text and predict what the text might be about.PredictionIt is a news report.It might be about the big damage the tsunami caused.Read for information Read the title and Para 1,answer questions:Main points in a news report1.What
2、happened?2.When and where did it happen?3.Why did it happen?4.What damage did it cause?Read the title and Para 1,answer questions:1.What happened?2.When and where did it happen?3.Why did it happen?The tsunami was caused by a powerful earthquake.4.What damage did it cause?The tsunami caused deaths an
3、d damage On 26 December,2004 n Indonesia,India,Thailand,Malaysia,and at least four other countries.The tsunami caused over 6500 people deaths and caused great damage to buildings,cars and roads.The Daily News TSUNAMI HITS ASIA:OVER 6，500 DEAD By Robert WoodhouseMonday,27 December 2004 The most power
4、ful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami 1that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday,2killing more than 6，500 people in Indonesia,India,Thailand,Malaysia,and at least four other countries.Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,1此处是关系代词此处是关系代词that引导的定语从句，引导的定语从句，修饰先行词修饰先行词tsunami，that在从句
5、中作主语。在从句中作主语。2此处是现在分词此处是现在分词短语作结果状语。短语作结果状语。and cars were swept away by huge waves 3caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0.The undersea quake struck around 7：00 am.,Sunday off the west coast of Indonesias Sumatra Island.In that area alone,at least 1，870 people were killed.3此
6、处是过去分词此处是过去分词短语作后置定语，短语作后置定语，修饰修饰waves；该结构；该结构中中that引导的定语从引导的定语从句 修 饰 先 行 词句 修 饰 先 行 词earthquake。How many people were killed in the tsunami?In Sumatra Island,_ were killed.In Sri Lanka,_.In India,_.In Tailand,_.In 3 other countries,_ were dead.Read Para 2,fill in blanks In Sri Lanka,some 1，600 kilom
7、etres west of the quake centre,the number of deaths stood at 2，498,and one million more were affected by the tsunami,government officials said.Indian officials said as many as 1，900 had been killed along the southern coast.Another 254 were found 4dead in Thailand and 54 in three other countries.In s
8、outhern Thailand,1，900 people were hurt and many more were missing，local officials said.“5I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.We had to leave everything and run to safety，”said Chandra Theeravit,a local Thai woman.4dead in Thailand为为主语主语Another 254的补足的补足语
9、；语；54 in three other countries为省略句，全为省略句，全句为句为“54 were found dead in three other countries”。5本句运用了本句运用了“sb.be doing sth.when.”结构，结构，意为意为“某人正在做某事，某人正在做某事，这时这时(突然突然)”。Read Para 3,answer questions:How to deal with the damage caused by the tsunami?Foreign aid is organized Why would it be difficult to de
10、liver food and supplies?Because of the dangerous conditions and damaged roadsWhen did the rescue happen?After the tsunami.Main points in a news report Thousands of people are still missing,and the number of deaths is expected to grow even higher over the next few days.Foreign aid 6is being organised
11、 for the tsunami-hit countries.However,dangerous conditions and damaged roads will 7make it difficult to deliver food and supplies6此处是现在进行时的被此处是现在进行时的被动语态，其构成是动语态，其构成是be being done。7此处是此处是“makeitadj.to do sth.”结构，在此结结构，在此结构中，构中，it是形式宾语，形容是形式宾语，形容词词difficult作宾补，后面的作宾补，后面的不定式短语不定式短语to deliver food and
12、 supplies是真正的宾语。是真正的宾语。What aspects are mentioned in the news report?Read for stucture On 26 December 2004,a tsunami killed more than 6500 tourists,fishermen and other locals in Southeast Asia.Thousands of people are missing and the number of deaths is expected to grow.The damage caused by the tsuna
13、mi is making it difficult for rescue workers to help the survivors.Main points in sample summaryWhat main points does it include?dateeventplaceeffectcauseDo Ex 2 on Page 55 on book.Read for stucturedateeventplaceeffectcauseNews report Summary What is a summary?What is a summary?A summary is a short
14、statement of main points.one third the length of the original text.the main ideas and only the most important information.It doesnt literally copy the original text,which requires us to write in our own words.Ex.优化方案大本 119页-120页 概要写作 文体感知 一、概要写作微技巧 概要写作必须绝对忠实于原文，既不能遗漏任何要点，也不能随意添加内容。根据篇章结构划分文中的自然段，意义
15、段的数量对应的就是要点的数量。一个自然段不一定是一个要点，有时几个自然段说明一个要点，有时一个自然段包含数个要点。二、概要写作的4个满分步骤 第1步准确理解原文，明确主旨和结构 在写概要之前，一定要先通读原文，在准确理解原文的前提下把握文章主旨和整体结构，根据文章的体裁特点来决定内容的取舍：议论文一般为三个部分(提出话题论证结论)；说明文一般也分为三个部分，第一部分介绍要阐述的内容或要说明的对象，第二部分说明现象或描述事物，最后一部分呼应主题。说明文和议论文的主旨一般在文章的开头，每一段的主旨句常在段首，少数在段中和段尾，有的段落需要根据段落内容进行归纳和概括。在概括文章主旨大意和段落主旨句时
16、，应关注段落间的过渡衔接词和过渡句。第2步去次留精，提炼各意义段要点 明确文章主题和篇章结构后，先找出各段落的主旨句，同时标注与主旨有关的关键词，最后利用这些关键词用自己的话重组段落要点。归纳的要点往往是这些词句的同义转述。原文描述性的语言、细节性的信息等无需在概要中一一列出。第3步转换词语和句式，合理陈述要点 利用同义词、近义词或反义词转换关键词，并将提炼出的要点利用相似句型转换、语态转换(即主动句转换为被动句或被动句转换为主动句)；利用非谓语动词或介词短语对句子进行简化或者利用定语从句、状语从句或主语从句合并句子，将原文要点转换为自己的话。第4步恰当衔接过渡，完美概要写作 在概要写作中，可
17、以利用词汇和语法衔接手段，使各要点之间过渡合理，衔接自然：1语法衔接：利用代词代替前面的名词(短语)或句子，用助动词代替前面的动词(短语)。2在各要点之间利用恰当的过渡衔接词。(1)表示并列顺承意义的过渡衔接词：moreover、besides、in addition、for one thing、for another(thing)、firstly、secondly等；(2)表示转折意义的过渡衔接词：however、instead、on the contrary、on the other hand,yet等；(3)表示因果关系的过渡衔接词：because、therefore、so、as a r
18、esult、thus等；(4)表示总结的过渡衔接词：in short、to conclude、in conclusion、all in all、to sum up、in a word等；(5)表示举例的过渡衔接词：for example、for instance、such as等。写作要求阅读下面的短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Your house may have an effect on your figure.Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on t
19、he pounds or keep them off.You can make your environment work for you instead of against you.Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.Open the curtains and turn up the lights.Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating,for people are often less self-conscious(难为
20、情)when theyre in poorly lit placesand so more likely to eat lots of food.If your home doesnt have enough window light,get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.Mind the colors.Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites.In one study,people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 perce
21、nt less than those in a yellow or red room.Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing,while cold colors make us less hungry.So when its time to repaint,go blue.Dont forget the clockor the radio.People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories(卡路里)per meal than those who ru
22、sh through their meals.Begin keeping track of the time,and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes.And while youre at it,actually sit down to eat.If you need some help slowing down,turn on relaxing music.It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.Downsize the dishes.Big serving bowls and pl
23、ates can easily make us fat.We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-inch plate.When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one,total intake(摄入)jumps by 14 percent.And well pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short,wide glass than a tall,skinny glass.审题谋篇 第一步：准确理解
24、原文，明确主旨和结构确定体裁、人确定体裁、人称及时态，明称及时态，明确主旨确主旨体裁：说明文体裁：说明文人称：第三人称人称：第三人称 时态：一般现在时时态：一般现在时主旨：主旨：家居环境对人们的饮食有影响，家居环境对人们的饮食有影响，并给出如何通过改并给出如何通过改变房间光线、墙壁颜色和餐具大小等控制饮食的建议变房间光线、墙壁颜色和餐具大小等控制饮食的建议文章结构文章结构(5个个自然段就是自然段就是5个意义段，对个意义段，对应应5个要点个要点)Para.1：提出问题：房子影响身材，利用家居环境有助减肥；：提出问题：房子影响身材，利用家居环境有助减肥；Para.2：昏暗的环境导致过量饮食；：昏暗
25、的环境导致过量饮食；Para.3：暖色调促进食欲，而冷色调减少饥饿感；：暖色调促进食欲，而冷色调减少饥饿感；Para.4：控制饮食时间，放慢吃饭速度；：控制饮食时间，放慢吃饭速度；Para.5：用小餐具减少食量：用小餐具减少食量 第二步：去次留精，提炼各意义段要点明确本文主旨和结构后，确定各段主题句，同时标注与主题相关的关键词，去除次要信息，如原文第二段对室内灯光等描述性的语言信息无需概括在要点之中。要点1：The way you design your home has an effect on your figure.要点2：Make the room brighter because d
26、ark environments encourage overeating.要点3：When its time to repaint,go blue,for warm colors fuel our appetites.要点4：Use the clock to keep track of the dinner time.Eating slowly helps consume fewer calories.Make it 30 minutes or longer.要点5：Downsize the dishes,as big serving bowls and plates can easily
27、make us fat.第三步：转换词语和句式，合理陈述要点利用单词层面的同义词、近义词或反义词转换，或句式层面的句型转换、语态转换和简化或合并句子等方法，将原文要点转化为自己的话。以要点1和要点4举例说明如下：要点1：The way you design your home has an effect on your figure.词语转换(同义词转换):have an effect onaffect句式转换(利用“特殊疑问词不定式”转换句式):How to design your home affects your figure.要点4：Use the clock to keep trac
28、k of the dinner time.Eating slowly helps consume fewer calories.Make it 30 minutes or longer.词语转换(同义词转换):keep track ofrecord;consumetake in 句式转换(利用状语从句合并句子)：Use the clock to record the dinner time.Since eating slowly helps take in fewer calories,make it 30 minutes or longer.第四步：恰当衔接过渡，完美概要写作 利用过渡衔接词
29、汇：要点2至要点5都是利用改变家居环境控制饮食的建议，属于顺承和并列关系，各要点之间应用firstly、besides、in addition、finally等过渡词语使概要浑然一体。_ _ _ _ One possible version：How to design your home affects your figure.Below are tips to design home to help diet.(要点1)Firstly,make the home brighter,because dark environments lead to eating more.(要点2)Besides,paint the room with cold colors such as blue to reduce food intake.(要点3)In addition,use the clock to record the dinner time.Since eating slowly helps take in fewer calories,make it 30 minutes or longer.(要点4)Finally,use smaller dining tools.(要点5)
