1、Unit 5 Languages around the world native/netv/adj.本地的 n.本地人 native-speaking adj.说本族语的 a native english speaker The researcher says the tiger is native to India be a native of 是.的人，原产于.的动物或植物 IS her uncle a native of Shanghai,or just a visitor?本地人native English-speaking country.说英语母语的国家e.g In Africa,
2、African are natives while visitors are foreigners.native/netv/adj.本地的 n.本地人 native-speaking adj.说本族语的 a native english speaker The researcher says the tiger is native to India be a native of 是.的人，原产于.的动物或植物 IS her uncle a native of Shanghai,or just a visitor?本地人native English-speaking country.说英语母语的
3、国家e.g In Africa,African are natives while visitors are foreigners.经典例句经典例句Whats your attitude to this idea？你对这种想法持什么态度?He shows a very positive attitude toward his work.他对工作的态度非常积极。attitude C 态度；看法have/show/take a/a attitude to/toward 对持有采取态度an attitude of mind 心态问题attitude n.态度altitude n.海拔高度latitu
4、de n.纬度 longitude n.经度 multitude n.大量；群众 refer/rf:(r)/vi.提到 vt.查询When referring to the idol,fans are so excited.提到(1)refer to 指的是;提及;描述;查阅 refer to.as 把称作 refer.to.把提交给（以求获得帮助）She always referred to Ben as“that nice man”（2）reference n.提及;参考;查阅Keep the list of numbers near the phone for easy referenc
5、e.把电话号码表放在电话旁边，方便查阅。base/bes/vt 以.为基础 n.基础2.What you said in the court must be based on the fact.你在法庭的言论必须以事实为依据。(1)base.on/upon.把建立在基础之上 be based on/upon 以为基础；依据Youre foolish enough to base_your_hopes_upon his promise.(2)based(构成复合词)以为重要部分(或特征)；以为主This trend is challenging familybased traditions.这个
6、趋势正在挑战以家庭为基础的传统。a picture-based language a Chicago-based company based on 可以直接用作可以直接用作作定语或状语作定语或状语1.His uncle is going to make a film based on his story in his childhood.我的叔叔打算拍一部以他的童年故事为基础的电影。2.Based on a true story,the film deeply moved us.以一个真实的故事为基础，这部影片深深打动了我们。【拓展】【拓展】based adj.以（某事）为基础的；以（某事）为
7、基础的；以以为重要部分（或特征）的为重要部分（或特征）的一种以图画为基础的语言。一种以图画为基础的语言。总部设在芝加哥的公司总部设在芝加哥的公司 variety /vrat/n 变体；多样化There are a variety of videos in bilibili.=There are various videos in bilibili.(1)a variety ofvarieties ofall kinds of 种类繁多的；各种各样的(2)various adj.不同的；各种各样的for various reasons 由于种种原因(3)vary vt.&vi.改变；变化vary
8、 from.to.从到变化不等；在到之间变动The importance of being an Olympian will vary from athlete to athlete.成为奥运选手对每个运动员而言意义不同。vt.vt.欣赏；重视；感激；欣赏；重视；感激；意识到意识到1.He would much appreciate your doing him that favor.如果你能帮他这个忙，他会非常感激的。2.Id appreciate it if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.如果你能
9、提前让我知道你是否来，我将感激不尽。appreciate3.She appreciated the danger,so she turned and walked away.她意识到了危险，于是转身走开。appreciate(ones)doing sth.感激（某人）做某事感激（某人）做某事appreciate it if 如果如果，将感激不尽，将感激不尽注意注意:当appreciate,hate,dislike,love,like,depend/rely on等词后接宾语从句时，一般先加it，再接宾语从句。1.Learning Chinese calligraphy will increas
10、e your appreciation of Chinese culture.学习中国书法将增加你对中国文化的鉴赏力。（P63）2.We take this opportunity to express our sincere appreciation of your help.借此机会我们对你们的帮助表示衷心的感谢。3.They have a stronger appreciation of the importance of education.他们对教育的重要性有了更深的理解。【拓展】【拓展】appreciation n.欣赏；感激；领会；了解欣赏；感激；领会；了解6.means/mi:
11、nz/n.方式mean vt.意思是meaning n.意思means of.的方法by this means 通过这种方式by means of 依靠.方法 I cantt understand your meaning,so you mean that I dont have the means of solving the problem?我不理解你的意思，所以你意思是我没有解决问题的方法吗?by no means 决不，一点也不(位于句首时句子用部分倒装)classic/klsk/adj.传统的 n.名著 In China,people gather together to celeb
12、rate the classic festivals.庆祝传统的In Chinese literature,four classics are so famous that children know the story much.四大名著 regard/rg:d/n.尊重 vt.把.视为We have a high regard for soldiers who fight for our nation.钦佩/敬重.have a high regard for.hold sb/sth in high regard我们敬重为国家而战的战士。=We hold soldiers who fight
13、 for our nation in high regard.regard.as 把.看着；认为.是Whatever he said and did,I only regard him as a good friend.不论他说什么，做什么，我只把他当成一个好朋友regarding prep.关于(1)as regards sth.关于；至于某事with/in regard to 关于；对于in this/that regard 在这方面；在这一点上adj.adj.主要的；重要的；大的主要的；重要的；大的 1.Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major
14、 states into one unified country.2.Several major companies are supporting the project.01n.n.主修课程；主修课程；专业学生专业学生1.Her major is French.2.Shes a French major.02vi.vi.主修；专门研究主修；专门研究She majored in History at Stanford.她在斯坦福主修历史。03major/med(r)/adj.主要的；n.主修课程；vi.主修major in 主修主修学科学科in the/a majority 占大多数a/the
15、 majority of 大多数The_majority_of my patients come to me from out of town.大多数来找我看病的患者都是外地人。【拓展】【拓展】n.n.斗争；奋斗；努力；难事斗争；奋斗；努力；难事1.When I started studying German,it was a struggle.当我开始学习德语时，那是一件很难的事。2.I think life is a struggle for survival.我认为生活就是一场奋力求生的斗争。3.His sick mother was grateful for his struggle
16、to support the family.他的生病的妈妈很感激他为了支撑这个家庭所做的努力。strugglevi.vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗；努力斗争；奋斗；搏斗；努力1.She struggled to her feet.她艰难地站起来。2.He struggled against/with cancer for two years.他同癌症抗争了两年。1.The people of this country will continue in their struggle for independence.2.Workers are struggling for a clean canteen
17、 and healthy food.3.The company is struggling to find buyers for its new product.4.He(has)struggled against cancer for two years.struggle 为争取为争取而奋斗而奋斗struggle 与与斗争；与斗争；与抗争抗争struggle 努力做某事;艰难地做某事 struggle 挣扎着站起来【用法归纳用法归纳】foragainst/withto do to ones feet Practice：They were struggling for independence
18、.=They were struggling to gain independence.他们在为争取独立而奋斗。character n.文字；符号；角色；品质；性格(1)a leading character 主角in character 符合某人的性格out of character 不符合某人的性格(2)characteristic adj.表现特点的n.特征，特性be characteristic of sb.是某人的特点eg.Her behaviour last night was completely out of character.她昨晚的举止与她的性格截然不符。One may
19、only have a character,_but may have many characteristics,_all of which build ones character.个人可能只有一种性格，但可能有多种特征或特点，所有这些特征或特点便构成了一个人的品质。adj.adj.相同的；同样的相同的；同样的 1.Our relationship is close and were equals.2.No one could be his equal at telling stories.01 n.n.同等的人；相等物同等的人；相等物1.Men and women enjoy equal
20、pay for equal work.2.I cant find a person who can be equal to this work.3.Not all men are equal in ability.02vt.vt.等于等于;和和相等；比得上相等；比得上1.Four plus four equals eight四加四等于八。2.Few pleasure can equal that of a cool drink on a hot day.很少能有乐趣比得上在炎热的天喝一杯凉快的饮料。03 equal我们的关系很亲密，我们的关系很亲密，我们是平等的人我们是平等的人。讲故事没人能比
21、得上他。讲故事没人能比得上他。男女同工同酬。男女同工同酬。我找不到能胜任这个工作的人。我找不到能胜任这个工作的人。人的能力并不都是一样的。人的能力并不都是一样的。be equal to(doing)与与相等；能胜任相等；能胜任（to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词）为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词）be equal in sth在某方面相等在某方面相等【拓展】【拓展】equally adv.equality n.unqual adj.unqually adv.1.He felt to the job and wished there were someone he could go to for
22、advice.2.She said she was treated but she tried not to notice it.3.Men and women should be treated in education and employment.4.I believe in the principle of before the law.unequallyequallyequalityunqualn.n.要求；需求要求；需求1.I must make it a question,not a demand.我必须把它作为一个问题，而不是要求。2.Theres an increasing
23、demand for organic produce these days.目前对有机农产品有更大的需求。demandvt.vt.强烈要求；需要强烈要求；需要1.She demanded an immediate answer.她强烈要求立即作出答复。2.I demand to see the manager.我坚决要求见经理。3.The workers demanded that they(should)get better pay and conditions.工人们要求提高工资和改善工作条件1.meet/satisfy ones demands 满足某人要求满足某人要求2.be in(g
24、reat)demand(迫切迫切)需求需求 on demand一经要求，按照要求一经要求，按照要求1.demand to do 2.demand+that从句从句（从句中用（从句中用“should+动词原形动词原形”，should常可常可省略）省略）(3)sth.demand(s)to be donesth.demand(s)doing 某事需要被做类似的用法还有want，need，require等，用主动形式表被动relate vt.联系；讲述联系；讲述(1)relate to 与相关；涉及；谈到relate.to 把和联系在一起relate sth.to sb.向某人叙述/讲述某事I ha
25、d papers relating_to the children which my wife and I had to sign.我有一些关于孩子的文件需要我和妻子签字。He related_the_facts_of_the_case_to journalists.他给记者们讲述了这件事的实际情况。(2)related adj.相关的；有(亲属)关系的be related to 和有关的；和有联系的Much of the crime in this area is_related_to drug abuse.这一地区的许多犯罪都与吸毒有关。(3)relation n.关系I have som
26、e comments to make in_relation_to(concerning)this matter.关于这件事我有几点看法。have no relation to sth.同某事无关in/with relation to 关于；与相比a number of：“a number of+可数名词的复数形式”意为“一些”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。the number of：“the number of+可数名词的复数形式”意为“的数目”，作主语时，中性词是number，谓语动词用单数形式A number of students want to go aboard for furt
27、her study when they graduate and the number of them is increasing rapidly.许多学生毕业后想去国外深造，这些学生的数量正迅速增加。1.指的是，提到指的是，提到 2.一直延续到一直延续到 3.浮沉，兴衰浮沉，兴衰 4.最初，起初最初，起初 5.追溯到追溯到 6.很重要很重要 7.引起，导致引起，导致 8.各种各样的各种各样的 9.多年以来多年以来 10.不论哪里不论哪里refer toall the way through intoups and downsat the beginningdate back tobe of
28、great importancelead tovarieties ofover the yearsno matter where 11.现代现代 12.与与.有联系有联系 13.一部分一部分 14.在在.方面起作用方面起作用 15.观点，看法观点，看法 16.大量大量 17.鼓励某人做某事鼓励某人做某事 18.在在.方面有困难方面有困难 19.取决于，依靠取决于，依靠 20.消除间隔消除间隔 in modern timesbe connected toa part ofplay a role inpoint of viewa sea ofencourage sb to do sthhave t
29、rouble independ onbridge the gapExercise 1.What do you think the teacher is _(指的是)?2._(尽管)applying for hundreds of jobs,he hasnt found one.3.His first book to be published next month _(以.为基础)a true story.4.The house where they live _(追溯到)the 18th century.5.For Chinese people,there are a v_ of activi
30、ties to celebrate the traditional festivals.6.Their victory in America was still remembered as a m_ turning point in the history of rock and roll.referring toDespiteis based ondates back toarietyajor 7.All possible_(方法)have been tried,but we still cant solve the problem.8.We always r_ him as a frien
31、d,but he showed his colours in the current emergency.9.I would _(感激)you if you could give me some instructions on how to learn chemistry.10._(不管在哪),he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.11.It was a s_ for the poor family to earn a living on the little farm.12.From my _(观点),cooperation
32、 is a win-win choice.meansegardappreciateNo matter wheretrugglepoint of view 13.Its a challenging job but Im sure youll be _(胜任)to it.14.I found it difficult _(relate)theory to practice.15.We _(过去常常)get information from newspaper,but now we _(习惯于)searching for it on the internet.16.She d_ to be told
33、 everything in detail about it.17.Were _(消除间隔)between the rich and the poor.18.Whether you make progress or not _(取决于)what efforts did you do.19.The headteacher _(起重要作用)in the class management.20.Whenever we _(在.有困难)our studies,our teachers always help us patiently.equalto relateused toare/get used toemandedbridging the gapdepends onplays an important rolehave trouble inThanks
