1、定语定语从句从句Attributive/Relative Clauses -SebrellaLearning Aims学习目标学习目标:In the class,I can:1.To summarize the rules and review the key points of the the Attributive Clause.2.To master how to use The Attributive Clause.ContentsContents1.1.定语从句的定义与结构；定语从句的定义与结构；2.2.关系代词的选择及相关考点；关系代词的选择及相关考点；(1)(1)只用只用that
2、that的情况；的情况；(2)(2)只用只用whichwhich的情况；的情况；(3)the way(3)the way做先行词的情况做先行词的情况;(4)as(4)as的用法的用法；3.3.关系副词的选择及注意事项；关系副词的选择及注意事项；4.4.定语从句单复数问题定语从句单复数问题-主谓一致。主谓一致。一、定语一、定语定语定语是用来是用来修饰名词或代词的修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句词、短语或从句称为定语称为定语。his desk Toms fathera beautiful city three teacherswomen teachers in the room abovea dev
3、eloping country a developed countryThere is nothing to do today.an article about how to learn Englisha city which is beautiful物主代词形容词名词现在分词过去分词不定式介词短语从句名词所有格数词副词Sebrella is a teacher who is beautiful.Sebrella is a beautiful teacher.表语定语从句定语从句主语主语主句differences?differences?总结：总结：当定语的位置上当定语的位置上不是单词或词组而
4、不是单词或词组而是是句子的时候句子的时候整个句子整个句子就是就是定语从句定语从句，放在，放在所所修辞名词修辞名词/代词的后面代词的后面。主语主语系动词系动词系动词系动词表语定语定语beautiful相关术语相关术语Sebrella is a teacher who is beautiful.NOUN(名词)Antecedent(先行词)Relative words(关系词关系词)定语从句定语从句结构：先行词结构：先行词n.关系词从句关系词从句1.1.引导连接引导连接定语从句。定语从句。2.2.代替代替先行词。先行词。3.3.在定语从句中在定语从句中担当一个成分担当一个成分。关系词关系词3 3个
5、作用：个作用：1.The man who came to our school is Mr.Wang.2.I like the book which you bought yesterday.3.The house where he lives needs repairing.4.I still remember the day which we spent together.Find out the attributive clause&its noun.P52Find out the attributive clause&its noun.He has two sons who work
6、in the same company.他有两个在同一家公司上班的儿子。（可能不止两个儿子）He has two sons,who work in the same company.他有两个儿子，他们在同一家公司上班。（只有两个儿子）限制性定语从句限制性定语从句The Restrictive Attributive Clause,非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause定语从句分类定语从句分类Summary 1：1.1.在复合句中，在复合句中，_某个名词和某个名词和代词的句子叫做定语从句。定语从代词的句子叫做定语从句。定语从句
7、一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面，被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语面，被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的从句的_,_,它与定语从句之它与定语从句之间有一个词连接，这个词叫做间有一个词连接，这个词叫做_。2.2.关系词的作用：关系词的作用：_,_,_,_._,_.3.3.定语从句分为定语从句分为_ _ 和和_,_,定语从句定语从句,区别在于有无区别在于有无_隔开。隔开。修饰修饰先行词先行词关系词关系词引导连接引导连接代代替替担当成分担当成分He has two sons,who work in the same company.限制性限制性非限制性非限制性逗号逗号What a
8、re the relative words关系词关系词?引导引导定语从句的关系词关系词指代人 指代事物 所属关系 指地点 指时间 指原因 who，whomwhich，thatwhosewherewhenwhy关系代词关系副词 as2 2、How to choose How to choose the right relative wordsthe right relative words关系词关系词?The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.The girl _ is Mary.A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.
9、A plane is a machine _.This is a book.The cover is red.This is a book _.This is a book _.(who)we saw yesterdaywhich/that can flywhose cover is redthe cover of which is redThis is the city.I live in the city.This is the city _.The woman is a teacher.They wanted to talk to the woman.The woman _ is a t
10、eacher.I will never forget the days.We spent the days enjoying holidays.I will never forget the days _.where=in which I livewhom they wanted to talk tothat/which we spent enjoying holidays.作主语作宾语作定语及物v.宾语介词宾语指人 指物 summary 2：whowho介词+whomwhich/thatwhose/of whomwhich/that介词+whichwhose/of which关系代词的选择关
11、系代词的选择P52定语从句定语从句关系代词关系代词四大考点四大考点(1)(1)只用只用that的的情况情况(2)(2)只用只用which的的情况情况(3)(3)the way做先行词的情况做先行词的情况(4)(4)asas的情况的情况 1)Do you have anything _ you dont understand?2)The only thing _ we can do is to give you some advice.3)Who is the man _ is standing there?4)Her bag,in _ she put all her money,has bee
12、n stolen.5)She heard a terrible noise,_ brought her heart into her mouth.thatthatthatwhichwhichsummary 3：考点考点1.1.只用只用which的情况的情况介词+which,非限制性定语从句6)._ is known to all,he is the best student.As eg:They will never forget the things and persons that they have seen during their long journey.eg:The first
13、place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.This is the best foreign film that I have ever seen.1 1、当先行词是当先行词是something,anything,everything,nothing,all,little,few,some等等_时时;2 2、当先行词是当先行词是_或或_最最高高级，或被其修饰时级，或被其修饰时;不定代词不定代词序数词序数词形容词形容词考点考点2.2.只用只用that 的情况的情况3 3、当先行词是既有当先行词是既有_又有又有_时时;人人物物
14、4 4、当先行词被当先行词被_，_，_,_,the last等修饰时等修饰时;the only the very the same eg:She is the only girl that won the first prize.5 5、当主句的主语是、当主句的主语是或或时；时；eg：Which is the bike that you lost?Who is the boy that won the gold medal?7 7、主句是主句是there be there be 句型句型且且关系词在从句中作主语关系词在从句中作主语时时,用用 that that引导。引导。6.6.当当先行词在主
15、句中作表语先行词在主句中作表语,而而关系代词在从句中也作表语关系代词在从句中也作表语时时；eg：Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.eg：There is a seat in the corner that is still available.在那个角落还有一个座位可用。在那个角落还有一个座位可用。1.The way _he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.2.The way _he explained to us was quite si
16、mple.that/which/不填that/in which/不填3.What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it.A.the way B.in the way thatC.in the way D.the way which考点考点3.3.the waythe way做先行词做先行词 的情况的情况当the way做先行词时，表示“方式，方法”,后面的定语从句可以用that/in which/不填。通常情况下，用in which引导的定语从句最为正式，that的次之，省略不填的反而更自然，更为常用。1 1、as 引导限制性定语
17、从句，先行词前常被引导限制性定语从句，先行词前常被such,the same,assuch,the same,as修饰，构成修饰，构成suchas（像（像一样的一样的/之类的）之类的）,the same as（和（和同样的）同样的）,as as结构，结构，as 在定语从在定语从句中充当主语或宾语或表语；句中充当主语或宾语或表语；eg：1.I never heard such stories _ he tells.2.She has the same blue eyes _ her mother has.asas考点考点4.as4.as 的情况的情况2.as2.as作为作为关系词作主语关系词作主
18、语且且定语从句为被动语态形式定语从句为被动语态形式时时,从句谓语通常为从句谓语通常为:be known,be be known,be expectedexpected，be said,be reported,be announced,be mentionedbe said,be reported,be announced,be mentioned等；等；eg：She has been absent again,She has been absent again,as isas is expectedexpected.她又缺席了她又缺席了,这在预料之中。这在预料之中。3 3、在下列固定搭配之中，
19、意为、在下列固定搭配之中，意为“正如正如”：as you know/as you know/As is known to all众所周知众所周知=As we all know=As everyone knows=As is well-known/as you see/as we planned/as we(have)expected/as you see/as we planned/as we(have)expected/As the saying goes俗话俗话说说/as I remember(it)/as I understand(it)/as I remember(it)/as I u
20、nderstand(it)/as is often the caseas is often the case通常就是这样通常就是这样/as anybody can see/./as anybody can see/.1.The reason _ he gave us sounded reasonable.2.I dont know the reason _ he quarreled with you.3.Ill never forget the day _ we spent together.4.Ill remember the day _ we stayed together.5.This
21、is the hotel _ we visited last year.6.This is the hotel _ Lincoln once lived.1.The reason _ he gave us sounded reasonable.2.I dont know the reason _ he quarreled with you.3.Ill never forget the day _ we spent together.4.Ill remember the day _ we stayed together.5.This is the hotel _ we visited last
22、year.6.This is the hotel _ Lincoln once lived.whythat/whichthat/whichwhenthat/whichwhere3.关系副词 where/when/why作状语关系副词指时间时间状语when=时间介词（in/at/on/during.+which）指地点地点状语where=地点介词（in/at/on/under.+which）指原因（reason）原因状语why（限定从）=for+whichsummary 4：关系副词的选择关系副词的选择技巧是技巧是:一划从句二看成分一划从句二看成分(缺主缺主,宾或表语填关系代宾或表语填关系代词词
23、,缺状语则填关系副词缺状语则填关系副词)注意注意1.当当先行词先行词为为case,condition,situation,position,point,stage,degree,occasion,atmosphere氛围氛围等等抽象地点名词抽象地点名词时时,且关系词在定且关系词在定语从句中语从句中作状语作状语时时,要用关系副词要用关系副词where,意思是“到了某种地步，在到了某种地步，在某种境况中某种境况中”(1)They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.他们已经到了必须分手的地步他们已经到
24、了必须分手的地步.(2)The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。2.关系副词关系副词 when,where 可用于可用于非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句中，而关系副词中，而关系副词 why 不可以。不可以。4、定语从句的单复数主谓一致问题、定语从句的单复数主谓一致问题 关系代词做从句主语时关系代词做从句主语时1.从句的从句的谓语动词单复数谓语动词单复数取决于它所修饰的取决于它所修饰的先行名词先行名词2.先行词是先行词是
25、句子句子时，从句谓语动词用时，从句谓语动词用单三单三I.The book that _(be)on the bookshelf is my favourite.2.The exams were put off,which _(be)exactly what we wanted.注意：注意：1.He is one of the students in his class who _(have)got the teachers praise 2.He is the only one in his class who _(have)got the teachers praise hashave1.(
26、2019 全国全国 I)One afternoon _ I was in primary school,I was walking by the school playground.2.(2019 全国全国 III)They were well trained by their masters _ had great experience with caring for these animals.3.(2018 全国全国 I)They also had a small pond _ they raised fish.whenwhowhereFill in the blank with pro
27、per relative words4.(2016 全国全国II)Simon is a comedian and actor _ has 10 years experience of teaching comedy.5.(2020 全国全国II)In ancient China lived an artist _ paintings were almost life like.6.You reach a point _medicine cant help.whowhosewhere=of whomwhose指人时相当于指人时相当于of whom,指物时相当于指物时相当于of which当先行词
28、为当先行词为situation,case,stage,point等抽象名等抽象名词时，在定语从句中充当状语时用关系副词词时，在定语从句中充当状语时用关系副词where.Correct mistakes.1.(2020 江西临川江西临川)We carried two backpacks,that turned out to be pretty heavy for the hike.2.(2020 全国全国 II)Thank you for your letter,what really made me happy.3.(2015 浙江浙江)Creating an atmosphere in th
29、at employees feel part of a team is a big challenge._whichwhichwhichShe is a woman 1._ majored in music.She acted in Beijing for the first time in 1980 2._ she was still a student.She took part in many Spring Festival Galas(春晚春晚)3._were loved by all Chinese people.She married our Chairman 4._ we all
30、 knew.They lived in a lovely apartment 5._ their daughter was born.Many foreigners know her and her songs 6._ are loved by our Chinese people.She is the most famous woman 7._is loved by children too.The reason 8._ she is so popular is not just that she married the powerful man but she cares about th
31、e people 9._ life is ordinary.whowhenwhich/thatwho where that why that whose self-checkself-check1.1.定语从句的定义与结构；定语从句的定义与结构；2.2.关系代词的选择及相关考点；关系代词的选择及相关考点；(1)(1)只用只用thatthat的情况；的情况；(2)(2)只用只用whichwhich的情况；的情况；(3)the way(3)the way做先行词的情况做先行词的情况;(4)as(4)as的用法的用法；3.3.关系副词的选择及注意事项；关系副词的选择及注意事项；4.4.定语从句单复数问题定语从句单复数问题-主谓一致。主谓一致。Thank you for Thank you for watchingwatching
