1、Teaching objectivesTeaching objectivesAfter this class,you will be able to,After this class,you will be able to,1.understand what is Ellipsis and its grammatical rules.2.master the functions of Ellipsis.3.apply Ellipsis to shorten sentences and solve practical exercises.Part OnePart OneStep 1:What g
2、rammatical phenomenon is it?You must fasten safety belt.You cannot smoke here.You cannot take photos here.You cannot fish here.EllipsisPart TwoPart TwoWhat is ellipsis?In linguistics，ellipsis means leaving out wordsrather than repeating them unnecessarily.1.Look at the following sentences,which one
3、is better?why?Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day,but he didnt come to school to see me the next day.Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day,but he didnt.The function of ellipsis1.Burns are called first degree burns,second degree burns or third degree
4、burns,depending on which layers of the skin are burned.2.Burns are called first,second or third degree burns,depending on which layers of the skin are burned.3.These affect both the top layer of the skin and the second layer of the skin.4.These affect both the top and the second layer of the skin.1.
5、to avoid the repetition1.to avoid the repetition1.Take care.2.You take care of yourself.3.Just do it.4.Lets just do it.5.The best or nothing.6.We want to be the best or we want nothing.7.To err is human;to forgive divine.8.To err is human nature;to forgive is divine.2.2.to stress the key information
6、to stress the key information3.3.to make the expressions to make the expressions concise and vivid.concise and vivid.一、简单句中的省略1.省略主语 祈使句中主语通常省略(You)shut up.Sounds like a good idea.Shut up.(It)sounds like a good idea.2.省略主谓或主谓语的一部分Got any ink?3.省略宾语This way,please.（You come)this way,please.（Have you)
7、got any ink?-Do you know Miss Gao?-I dont know(her).4.省略表语-Are you thirsty？-Yes,I am.Yes,I am(thirsty).Tom picked up a book on the floor and(Tom)handed it to his teacher.Jack must have been playing football and Mary(must have been)doing her homework.二、并列句中的省略2.若主语不同，省略后面谓语部分相同的系动词、助动词或情态动词。1.若主语或宾语相
8、同，省略共同的主语或宾语。3.若主语与谓语动词相同，则省略后面的主谓成分。His advice made me happy,but(his advice made)Jim angry.4.若主语不同，但主要动词及后续部分相同，则省略主要动词及后续部分。He has a knowledge of first aid but his friend doesnt(have a knowledge of first aid).三、复合句中的省略1.宾语从句中的省略1）在which,when,where,how和why引导的宾语从句中，常省略与主句相同的部分，仅保留一个连词。She cant come,
9、but I dont know why(she cant come).She will go to pairs,but I dont know when(she will go to Pairs).2）在两个或者两个以上并列的宾语从句中，引导第一个宾语从句的连词thatthat可以省略，其余的不能省略。The girls told him(that)they were on a train trip across Canada and that they had only one day in Montreal.3）在某些形容词或过去分词（如 sure,glad,certain,pleased
10、,happy,afraid,surprised,satisfied)后所接的宾语从句中，连词that可省略。My parents were very pleased(that)I had passed the exam.I am sure(that)he will regret to go over this book.2.定语从句中的省略The exact year(which/that)Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.He is the man(whom)they assume to be extremely r
11、ich.在限制性定语从句中，作宾语用的关系代词which,that,whom可以省略。（但whom,which紧跟在介词后时不能省略）。The firm in which Dick worked has gone bankrupt.The way he speaks to us is really annoying.(in which)(that)(/)修饰way的关系词that/in which可以省略。3.状语从句中的省略1 1）在时间、地点、让步、方式、条件等状语从句中，如果谓语部）在时间、地点、让步、方式、条件等状语从句中，如果谓语部分有分有bebe动词，主语又和主句主语一致，常把从句
12、中的动词，主语又和主句主语一致，常把从句中的主语和动词主语和动词bebe省略。省略。When(he was)asked what he had done,John just kept silent.If(you are)asked you may come in.When(he was)still a boy of 10,he had to work day and night.2)2)在时间、地点、条件状语从句中常省略在时间、地点、条件状语从句中常省略 it isit is。常见。常见的有的有 wherever possible wherever possible，where necessa
13、rywhere necessary，where where possiblepossible，if necessary if necessary等。等。Whenever(it is)possible he will come to my help.If(it is)necessary Ill explain to you again.四、其他省略情况1.动词不定式的省略。You cant force him to answer the question if hes not ready to answer the question.()当不定式在形容词afraid,anxious,eager,
14、glad,happy,ready,willing等后作状语时，to后的内容常省略。使役动词，如make,let,have等和感官动词，如see,watch,notice,observe,hear等后面作宾补的不定式须省略to，但若这些动词用于被动语态，则to不省略。We often hear her sing an English song in the classroom.She is often heard to sing an English song in the classroom.(被动语态)并列的不定式可以省略后面的不定式符号to。但若两个不定式之间表示对比关系时，则不能省略to
15、。He likes to swim more than(to)skate.He believes it important to study rather than to make friends.当不定式在某些动词后作宾语时，常可省略。常见的动词有agree,afford,expect,forget,hope,know,manage,pretend,remember,refuse,want,wish,would like等。-Will you go with me?-Well,Id like to(go with you).2.使用so,not等时的省略。在英语中，可以用so,not或其他方
16、式来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句子。-Can you finish your work today?-(我认为能。)-(我认为不能。)I think so.I dont think so./I think not 3.介词的省略。一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以省略。常见的结构有:have difficulty/trouble(in)doing sthbe busy(in)doing sthspend some time(in)doing sthstop/prevent sb(from)doing sthThere is no sense/point(in)doing sthPr
17、acticePracticePart threePart threeI 单句语法填空单句语法填空1.(2020.新高考新高考III卷卷D篇篇)Dr.Jubilado first met the Bajau while _ (grow)up on Samal Island in the Philippines.2.He had a wonderful time when (travel)with his mother to all corners of the world.3.Video games can be a poor influence if _(leave)in the wrong
18、hands.4.-You should have thanked her before you left.-I meant_,but when I was leaving,I couldnt find her anywhere5.Though _(tire),they went on working in order to finish the task on time.growingtravellingleftto tired Translation 1.他说英语比你说的流利。2.多读、多练对我们来说是十分必要的。3.你不应该去他的聚会，除非你被邀请。4.横穿街道的时候要当心车辆。He speaks English more fluently than you do.It is quite necessary for us to read more and have more practice.You shouldnt go to his party unless(you are)invited.Look out for cars when(you are)crossing the street.
