1、1.动词动词-ing形式的构成：形式的构成：是在动词末是在动词末 加加-ing 形式构成。形式构成。do-doing,ask-asking,否定形式：否定形式：not+-ing 构成构成2.动词动词-ing形式形式不能单独作谓语，没不能单独作谓语，没 人称和数的变化，但可以有自己的人称和数的变化，但可以有自己的 宾语和状语，还有时态和语态的变化。宾语和状语，还有时态和语态的变化。动词动词-ing形式形式主主 动动被被 动动一般一般doing being done完成完成having donehaving been done动词动词-ing形式时态和语态形式时态和语态主主 动动被被 动动一一般般
2、not doing not being done完完成成not having donenot having been done动词动词-ing形式时态和语态形式时态和语态动名词的时态和语态1.完成式：动名词完成式表示其动作在谓语动词表示的动完成式：动名词完成式表示其动作在谓语动词表示的动 作之前发生。例如作之前发生。例如 I regret not having taken your advice.He didint mention having met you before2.被动式：当动名词的逻辑主语是动名词动作对被动式：当动名词的逻辑主语是动名词动作对 象时，该动名词要求用被动形式。例如：
3、象时，该动名词要求用被动形式。例如：Being called a fool doesnt bother him at all.二二.动名词的性质动名词的性质动名词既具有动词的特点有具有名词的特点，动名词既具有动词的特点有具有名词的特点，具体表现为具体表现为：1.动名词可以被定冠词和物主代词修饰动名词可以被定冠词和物主代词修饰I hope you dont mind my saying it.2.动名词可带有自己的宾语和状语动名词可带有自己的宾语和状语Are you for or against having the meeting.I insisted on leaving at once.一
4、、动词一、动词-ing形式作主语形式作主语1.动词动词-ing形式作主语，表示一般或抽象形式作主语，表示一般或抽象的习惯性行为，谓语动词用单数。的习惯性行为，谓语动词用单数。如：如：Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language.Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit.三三.动名词的功用动名词的功用2.在一些句子中，常用在一些句子中，常用it作形式主语放作形式主语放在句首，而把真正的主语放到句末。在句首，
5、而把真正的主语放到句末。如：如：It is very important remembering others names.It is no use crying over spilt milk.no use no good no fun Its+a shame +doing a waste of time/money useless dangerous There is no+doing.这种结构的意思相这种结构的意思相当于当于“It is impossible to do”Looking after the patients is a nurses job.It is no good ob
6、jecting.It is no use crying.Its dangerous playing with fire.Its a waste of time copying others homework.There is no joking about the matter.There is no hiding of evil but not to do it.若要人不知，除非己莫为。若要人不知，除非己莫为。2.可作宾语可作宾语 S.+vt.+doingHave you finished reading the book?I suggest doing it in a different
7、way.在某些动词后要求用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式，常见的在某些动词后要求用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式，常见的这类动词有：这类动词有：避免错过避免错过 延期延期 avoid miss delay/postpone建议完成建议完成 练习练习 suggest/advise finish practise喜欢想象喜欢想象 禁不住禁不住 enjoy/appreciate/imagine/resist/cant help承认承认 否定否定 嫉妒嫉妒 admit deny envy逃脱逃脱 冒险冒险 原谅原谅 escape/risk/pardon/excuse忍受忍受 保持保持 在意在意 stand k
8、eep/keep on mind注：在动词注：在动词advise,allow,forbid(advise,allow,forbid(禁止禁止)，permitpermit（允许）等后，如果没有人称宾语，后跟动名词；（允许）等后，如果没有人称宾语，后跟动名词；如果有人称宾语则后跟不定式。如果有人称宾语则后跟不定式。We dont allow people to fish here.People are not allowed to fish here.eg.They often advise not smoking in the public.He often advises his father
9、 not to smoke in the house.put off give up S.+keep on +doing succeed in cant help feel like be busy be worth have difficulty/trouble/problem(in)作介词作介词/短语动词的宾语短语动词的宾语:S.+v.+prep.+doingbe /get used to doingget down to doingpay attention to doinglead to doinglook forward to doingobject to doingin addit
10、ion to doingstick to doinge.g.She sat there without(speak)I look forward to(see)him again.Are you used to(live)there alone?When my father heard the news,he couldnt help(laugh).I dont feel like(go)to see the film.He was busy(prepare)his lessons.主动表被动主动表被动:want (需要)need (需要)require (需要)Sth.+doing be w
11、orth (值得)使用动名词作宾使用动名词作宾语时，用主动形语时，用主动形式表达被动含义式表达被动含义to be done使用不定式作使用不定式作宾语时，依然宾语时，依然用被动形式表用被动形式表达被动含义达被动含义 The room wants(clean).The method needs(improve).This pair of shoes require(mend).The problem needs(work out).The question is well worth(discuss)d）动词）动词“like,love,hate,prefer”后接动名词表示后接动名词表示“习惯性
12、动作习惯性动作”，后接不定式表示，后接不定式表示“心理或一次具体动心理或一次具体动作作”。意义并无很大区别。意义并无很大区别。当用在当用在 should,would之后之后时，只跟不定式时，只跟不定式。例如：。例如：I like swimming,but I dont like to swim this afternoon.我喜欢游泳，但今天我不愿去游泳。我喜欢游泳，但今天我不愿去游泳。What would you like to eat tonight?你今晚上想吃什么？你今晚上想吃什么？forget doing(已做)forget to do(未做)go on doing(同一件事)go
13、on to do(另一件事)mean doing(意味着)mean to do（打算做）regret doing（做过）（做过）regret to do（将做）（将做）remember doing（做过）remember to do（去做）try doing（试着做）try to do（努力去做）stop doing（停止做）stop to do（停下来去做）e).一些特殊的动词充当谓语时，后面宾语既可是动一些特殊的动词充当谓语时，后面宾语既可是动名词，也可会不定式，表达的意义差别很大。名词，也可会不定式，表达的意义差别很大。动名词的复合结构动名词复合结构的形式动名词复合结构的形式a)名词所有
14、格名词所有格/物主代词物主代词+动名词，如：动名词，如：I insist on Marys going there.我坚持要玛丽到那儿去。我坚持要玛丽到那儿去。I had not heard of your being ill.我没听说你病了。我没听说你病了。b)名词通格名词通格/人称代词宾格人称代词宾格+动名词，如：动名词，如：Usually at the beginning of school,the noise of desks being opened and closed could be heard out in the street.In fact,I think its very much nicer without him,if you dont mind me saying so.带有逻辑主语的动名词叫做带有逻辑主语的动名词叫做“动名词复合结构动名词复合结构”_ ill worried my parents greatly.A.I fell B.Me falling C.My falling D.I fallingC
