1、 Wafangdian Senior Middle School Book Three Module 4 Writing marking criterion of a compositionthe essential factors of a high quality compositionwriting skillsgoals What is the marking criterion of a composition?书面表达各档次的给分范围和要求书面表达各档次的给分范围和要求第五档（第五档（21-2521-25分）分）完全完成了试题规定的任务。完全完成了试题规定的任务。l准确、清楚地表达
2、了短文的内容，要点无遗漏准确、清楚地表达了短文的内容，要点无遗漏l应用了较多的语法结构和词汇应用了较多的语法结构和词汇l语法结构和词汇有少许错误，但为尽可能使用较复杂表达方式语法结构和词汇有少许错误，但为尽可能使用较复杂表达方式 所致；具备较强的语言应用能力所致；具备较强的语言应用能力l有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑完全达到了预期的写作目的。完全达到了预期的写作目的。第四档（第四档（16-2016-20分）分）完成了试题规定的任务。完成了试题规定的任务。l比较准确、清楚地表达了短文的内容比较准确、清楚地表达了短文的内容l应用语法结构和词
3、汇能满足任务的要求应用语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求l语法结构和词汇应用基本准确，少许错误主要是因为尝试较复语法结构和词汇应用基本准确，少许错误主要是因为尝试较复 杂语言结构或词汇所致杂语言结构或词汇所致l应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑 达到了预期的写作目的。达到了预期的写作目的。第三档（第三档（11-1511-15分）分）基本完成了试题规定的任务。基本完成了试题规定的任务。l能说出短文的基本内容，但逻辑关系较混乱，要点有遗漏，能说出短文的基本内容，但逻辑关系较混乱，要点有遗漏，没有写自己的认识没有写自己的认识l应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任
4、务的要求应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求l有一些语法结构和词汇的错误，但不影响理解有一些语法结构和词汇的错误，但不影响理解 l应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文内容连贯应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文内容连贯整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。第二档（第二档（6-106-10分）分）未恰当完成试题规定的任务。未恰当完成试题规定的任务。l未能清楚地表达短文的内容，写了一些无关内容未能清楚地表达短文的内容，写了一些无关内容l语法结构简单，词汇项目有限语法结构简单，词汇项目有限l有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误
5、，影响了对写作内容的理解l较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性信息未能清楚地传达给读者。信息未能清楚地传达给读者。What are the essential factors contributing to a high quality composition?How can we write a good composition?1.everything needed included 2.proper linking words between sentences and paragraphs3.good beginning and ending
6、5.advanced words,phrases and sentence patterns6.Good handwriting4.well organized and smoothly developedWriting skillsApply good sentence patterns.一一 改变时态改变时态 例例:The bell is ringing now.一般一般 There goes the bell.特殊特殊二二 改变语态改变语态例例:People suggest that the conference be put off.一般一般 It is suggested that
7、the conference be put off.特殊特殊三三 使用不定式使用不定式 例例:He is so kind that he can help me.一般一般 He is so kind as to help me.特殊特殊 四四 使用过去分词使用过去分词例例:She walked out of the lab and many students followed her.一般一般Followed by many students,she walked out of the lab.特殊特殊.五五 使用现在分词使用现在分词例例:If the weather permits,I wi
8、ll come tomorrow.一般一般 I will come tomorrow,weather permitting.特殊特殊 六六 使用名词性从句使用名词性从句 1 He didnt turn up.It disappointed everybody.一般一般 The fact that he didn t turn up disappointed everybody.特殊特殊 2.To his surprise,the little girl knows so many things.一般一般 What surprises him is that the little girl kn
9、ows so many things.特殊特殊七七 使用定语从句使用定语从句 例例;The girl is spoken highly of.Her composition was well written.一般一般 The girl whose composition was well written is spoken highly of.特殊特殊八八 使用状语从句使用状语从句例：例：I wont believe what he says.一般一般No matter what he says,I wont believe.特殊特殊 九九 使用虚拟语气使用虚拟语气例例:The ship di
10、dnt sink with all on board because there were the efforts of the captain.一般一般 But for the efforts of the captain,the ship would have sunk with all on board.特殊特殊十十 使用倒装句型使用倒装句型例例:Though Im weak Ill make the effort.一般一般 Weak as I am,Ill make the effort.特殊特殊six writing stepsSix writing steps Step1 仔细审题
11、仔细审题 Step2.理清要点理清要点 Step3.译写单句译写单句 Step4.连句成篇连句成篇 Step5.检查润色检查润色 Step6.定稿誊写定稿誊写 中央号召创建节约型社会，可是许多校园内部中央号召创建节约型社会，可是许多校园内部浪费现象严重。请你在班会上发表演讲，号召同学浪费现象严重。请你在班会上发表演讲，号召同学们从我做起，杜绝浪费。们从我做起，杜绝浪费。提示：提示：1、浪费现象：水、电、餐厅的食物及其他；、浪费现象：水、电、餐厅的食物及其他；2、危害、危害:自身性格，父母财政负担，自然资自身性格，父母财政负担，自然资 源；源；3、制止浪费现象的措施：由自己设想。、制止浪费现象的
12、措施：由自己设想。要求：要求：1、词数、词数150左右；演讲的开头和结尾左右；演讲的开头和结尾 已写好已写好,不记入总词数。不记入总词数。2、不要逐字逐条翻译，要组成一篇、不要逐字逐条翻译，要组成一篇 通顺连贯的短文。通顺连贯的短文。Step1 仔细审题仔细审题 -A speech Para.1MeasuresPhenomenaHarmPara.3Para.2Step2.理清要点理清要点 Step3.译写单句译写单句&Step4.连句成篇连句成篇 Para.1 Phenomenaphave lights onporder too much food and leave leftovers on
13、 the table Some students have the lights on in the daytime.Some students order too much food and leave a lot of leftovers on the table.Some ask their parents for a lot of pocket money and spend too much on snacks or drinks.uuse paper casuallyuspend pocket money on snacksuSome students leave tap wate
14、r running after washing.pleave tap water runningPara.2 Harmphave a bad effect on ones character building padd financial burden to ones parents puse up the worlds limited natural resourcesl(school)burden with extra expenditure(开支开支).l The bad habit of being wasteful will have a bad effect on their ow
15、n character.It adds financial burden to their parents.The worlds limited natural resources will be used up soon.Para.3 Measuresphave a clear awareness of the serious situationpeducate students in schoolpset rulespstart from oneselfptake the lead in reducing the wastep In my opinion,we should have a
16、clear awareness of the serious situation.We should educate the students to form the good habit.We should start with ourselves and take the lead in reducing the waste to save everything.Some students leave tap water running after washing.Some students have the lights on in the daytime.Some students o
17、rder too much food and leave a lot of leftoverson the table.Some ask their parents for a lot of pocket money and spend too much on snacks or drinks.The bad habit of being wasteful will have a bad effect on their own character.It adds financial burden to their parents.The worlds limited natural resou
18、rces will be used up soon.In my opinion,we should have a clear awareness of the serious situation.We should educate the students to form the good habit.We should start with ourselves and take the lead in reducing the waste to save everything.117 wordsStep5.检查润色检查润色 Some students leave tap water runn
19、ing after washing.Some students have the lights on in the daytime.Some students order too much food and leave much leftovers on the table.Some ask their parents for a lot of pocket money and spend too much on snacks or drinks.,The students leave tap water running after washing and have the lights on
20、 in the daytime,which means a huge waste of water and electricity.Some students get into a bad habit of ordering much delicious food in the canteen but they dont eat all the food,leaving much on the table.Some ask their parents for a lot of pocket money.So it is high time we had to deal with the pro
21、blem.The reasons are as follows:在表达准确、保持连贯的基础上在表达准确、保持连贯的基础上,尽量使用较复杂的语法结构和较高尽量使用较复杂的语法结构和较高 级的词汇级的词汇;Comment The bad habit of being wasteful will have a bad effect on their own character.It adds financial burden to their parents.The worlds limited natural resources will be used up.In the first place
22、,the bad habit of being wasteful will have a bad effect on their own character.Secondly,it adds financial burden to their parents.Last but not least,the worlds limited natural resources,such as water and electricity,will be used up soon.First of all Firstly,To begin with,In addition,Besides,Moreover
23、,Whats moreFinally,Whats worse,在在表达准确、表达准确、保持连贯的基础上保持连贯的基础上,尽量使用较复杂的语法结构和较高尽量使用较复杂的语法结构和较高 级的词汇级的词汇;恰当使用过渡词或过渡句恰当使用过渡词或过渡句,使文章使文章 结构紧凑结构紧凑;Comment In my opinion,we should have a clear awareness of the serious situation.We should educate the students to form the good habit.We should start with oursel
24、ves and take the lead in reducing the waste to save everything.But how can we reduce waste?In my opinion,it is everybodys duty to fight against waste.On the one hand,I should start with myself to save everything.On the other hand,Id like to remind my friends here to take the lead in reducing the was
25、te.As far as I am concerned,I think only when all of us are fully aware of its seriousness can the situation be improved.On the one hand,it is necessary for schools to educate every student not to waste anything in any form and on the other hand every one of us should start with ourselves to fight a
26、gainst waste.It is not until all of us are involved in the activity that we can bring the situation under control.在在表达准确、表达准确、保持连贯的基础上保持连贯的基础上,尽量使用较复杂的语法结构和较尽量使用较复杂的语法结构和较 高级的词汇高级的词汇;恰当使用过渡词或过渡句恰当使用过渡词或过渡句,使文章使文章 结构紧凑结构紧凑;适当地变换句型结构和所用词汇适当地变换句型结构和所用词汇,尽量避免重复和单调。尽量避免重复和单调。Comment Nowdays,it is common
27、that the students have tap water running after washing and leave the lights on in the daytime,which means a huge waste of water and electricity.Some students get into a bad habit of ordering much delicious food in the canteen but they dont eat all the food,leaving much on the table.Some even ask the
28、ir parents for a lot of pocket money.So it is high time we had to deal with the problem.The reasons are as follows:Sample:In the first place,the bad habit of being wasteful will have a bad effect on their own character.Secondly,it adds financial burden to their parents.Last but not least,it also exh
29、austs the worlds limited natural resources,such as water and electricity.But how can we reduce waste?In my opinion,it is everybodys duty to fight against waste.On the one hand,I should start with myself to save everything.On the other hand,Id like to remind my friends here to take the lead in reduci
30、ng the waste.English Writing如何写环保类的议论文如何写环保类的议论文?写作指导写作指导:1.点明某一环境问题或现象点明某一环境问题或现象;2.阐述原因阐述原因,对人们的影响对人们的影响;3.提出建议或防治措施提出建议或防治措施;4.总结总结(愿望愿望,呼吁呼吁)Practice:Describe one environmental problem and say what we should do about it.As is known to all,with the development of society,sandstorms in China have
31、been increased in recent years.Our living environment is getting worse and worse.As far as Im concerned,the reason why sandstorms increased is that developers cut down more and more trees and dug up grass.Whats more,farmers overgrazing seriously damaged the grass too.In order to solve this problem,I
32、 think we should take good care of the forests and plant more trees instead of cutting them down.Meanwhile,the government should make rules and laws to punish those who destroy the forests.If so,I think our living conditions will soon be improved.ASSIGNMENT:WRITE A COMPOSITIONThanks for your attenti
33、on!1.根据图中和表格中信息,丁香林地土壤平均含水量整体较高的原因主要从地形地势、坡度、地表径流、树高、郁闭度、密度等方面分析回答。2.自然恢复就是不掺杂人为因素的干扰,自然恢复程度需要考虑该区域的地形、植被等自然因素以及劳动力和成本等人为因素。3.自然恢复投入的劳动力和资金少,成本低,减轻当地的经济负担;自然恢复形成的生态系统丰富、稳定,水土保持效果更好;该流域属于生态脆弱地区,应减少人工干预。4.建立了自然保护区和绿化带,优化了产业结构,减少了对煤炭资源的开采,城市功能区合理调整。5.随着美国西部和南部的新兴产业的发展，美国西部和南部为美国人口提供了更多的就业机会，加上东北部环境的污染，导致人口从东北部迁入西部和南部。引起图中人口迁移的主导因素是社会经济因素.6.高效益的综合发展阶段，第二、三产业在国内生产总值中占到相当大的比重，第三产业的增长速度明显超过第二产业，高科技成为区域发展的主导力量。7.分析赤峰市发生白灾的自然原因，并说明定居后牧业抗灾能力增强的主要原因8.位于半湿润半干旱过渡地带(农牧交错带)，种植业和畜牧业均可发展；种植业为畜牧业提供丰富饲料；种植业和畜牧业为农畜产品加工业提供丰富原料。9.要及时调整产业结构，大力发展新兴产业；发展科技，提高产品质量和生产效率，增强竞争力。
