1、Grammar Relative Clauses with Relative Pronouns 1. A: Who is that handsome boy? B: Which one? A: The one in blue. B: You mean the one who/that is wearing a blue jacket? A: Yes. B: Oh, he is a student whose mother is a very famous singer Studying the Rule A: Can I help you? B: Yes, I want to buy a ru
2、ler. A: We have plastic and stainless steel rulers. Which do you prefer? B: I prefer plastic ones. A: Yes, the ruler which / that are made of plastic are usually colorful. Here you are. B: Thank you. 1) An adjective (e.g. handsome) goes before / after the noun it relates to. 2) A prepositional phras
3、e (e.g. in blue) goes before / after the noun it relates to. 3) The relative clauses goes after / before the noun it relates to. Finding the Rule Look at the following sentences and try to find out how to use relative pronouns in relative clauses. 1. He who/that doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a
4、true man. 2. I dont like the girl whom/that you are talking about. 3. This is the house which/that has just been painted. 4. The computer which/that I bought a month ago broke down yesterday. 1.图片对齐 在我们插入PPT图片或是输入文字的时候，为了整齐都需要将插入的文本框对齐 ，但是又不想一个一个的进行操作，这时按住Ctrl键将需要进行对齐的文本选中 ，点击开始排列对齐垂直居中即可； 2.巧用格式刷 在
5、制作PPT的时候为了保证PPT风格的统一，很多任通常会使用复制粘贴来确保 每一页PPT格式相同，这样对于少页数来说可以进行操作，但是碎玉多页面的话 就有点麻烦了，其实我们可以巧用格式刷：首先，在开始菜单栏下方有一个格式 刷，点击格式刷，很快就能看到效果； 3.去除所有动画效果 很多人在制作PPT的时候都是直接在模板库里下载模板进行使用的，但是下载的 模板大多数都是有幻灯片的，这样在演讲的时候很不方便，怎样将其进行去除呢 ？单击幻灯片放映选择设置幻灯片放映，放映类型选择演讲者放映；换片方式 选择手动即可； 4.PPT快键 PPT逼格提升技巧逼格提升技巧 5. The girl whose Eng
6、lish is very good won the first place in the 100- meter race. 6. This is my school whose buildings are built on the top of a hill. Relative pronouns 1. In relative clauses, that and which are used to refer to things. 2. In relative clauses, we use who to refer to people. 3. When who functions as the
7、 object, it can be replaced by whom. 4. We can leave out who, whom, which and that when they are the objects. 5. We use whose to mean possession. It usually relates to a person, but it can also relate to things. Relative pronouns People Things Subject Object who whom which that whose 关系代词与先行词的关系关系代词
8、与先行词的关系 1. A plane is a machine that can fly. the machine = that 2. The boy who broke the window is called Tom. 关系代词实际上是先行词的复指关系代词实际上是先行词的复指 the boy = who the boys/ the clubs = whose 关系词关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格实际上是先行词的所有格 3. The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather. 4. The club wh
9、ose members are music fans meet in the school garden every Saturday afternoon. 介词介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句 Are these sentences right? The man whom you spoke was a scientist. The city which she lives is far away. to in The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist. The city that/which she lives is far a
10、way. to in Are these two sentences right? 可见可见,who、that 不能用与介词之后不能用与介词之后 Tips: 当当介词前置时介词前置时，只能用，只能用 whom 指人指人, which 指物指物；但如果；但如果介词后置介词后置，则不受这种限制，则不受这种限制, 关系代词还可以省略，特别是在口语中。关系代词还可以省略，特别是在口语中。 e.g. Do you know the boy to whom she was talking? Do you know the boy (that) she was talking to? Is this the
11、 watch that you are looking for? The old man whom I am looking after is better . 在固定短语中介词不能提前在固定短语中介词不能提前 下面两句中的介词能提前吗下面两句中的介词能提前吗? Tips: 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介 词仍放在短语动词的后面。词仍放在短语动词的后面。如如 look for, look after, take care of 等。等。 This is the watch (which / that) I am looking for. This is the
12、 watch for which I am looking. that 和和 which 以下情况，引导词用以下情况，引导词用that，不用，不用which。 1. 先行词为先行词为不定代词不定代词everything, something, nothing, anything或或由由few, little, much， all, only, the very等修饰时，常用关系代等修饰时，常用关系代 词词 that 来引导定语从句。来引导定语从句。 e.g. The only thing that matters is to find our way home. 2. 先行词前有先行词前有形容
13、词最高级、序数词形容词最高级、序数词修修 饰时，用饰时，用关系代词关系代词that引导定语从句。引导定语从句。 e.g. The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan. 我们应该做的第一件事是订个计划。我们应该做的第一件事是订个计划。 3. 先行词先行词同时指人和物同时指人和物时时, 用用that引导定引导定 语从句。语从句。 e.g. We talked about the things and persons that we saw then. 4. 当先行词前面当先行词前面有有who, which等疑问代等疑问代 词词时用
14、时用that引导定语从句。引导定语从句。 e.g. Which is the dictionary that you want? Example: Einstein/is /Germany/the country/ was born in Applying the Rule Read the examples in the table and understand how to use relative pronouns in relative clauses . The country which Einstein was born in is Germany. 1. the theory
15、of relativity/the person/ developed/ Einstein/is The person who/ that developed the theory of relativity is Einstein. Einstein was the person who/ that developed the theory of relativity. 2. maths and physics/the subject/Einstein/ studied/were The subjects that/ which Einstein studied were maths and
16、 physics. Maths and physics were the subjects that/ which Einstein studied. 3. worked with/Einstein/greatly/the scientists/ admired him The scientists whom Einstein worked with admired him. The scientists that/ who worked with Einstein admired him greatly. 4. The award/was/Einstein/the Nobel Prize/
17、received The award which/ that Einstein received was the Nobel Prize. Einstein received the award which/ that was the Nobel Prize. 5. Einstein/the equation/was/E=mc2 /worked out The equation (which/ that) Einstein worked out was E=mc2. Einstein worked out the equation which/ that was E=mc2. E=mc2 wa
18、s the equation( which/ that) Einstein worked out. Rewrite the following sentences by using relative clauses, paying attention to the blue parts. 1. David, a policeman, came to a cabin about two miles up the mountain to get Cal Richards, an armed and dangerous killer. David who is a policeman came to
19、 a cabin which is about two miles up the mountain to get Cal who is an armed and dangerous killer. 2. Just then he caught sight of a violin hanging on the wall. 3. The old man stood there, attracted. The old man who was attracted stood there. Just then he caught sight of a violin which was being hun
20、g on the wall. 4. The old man sat, deep in thought. 5. A bearded old man came up the street towards the police station. The old man who was deep in thought sat . The old man who was sitting was deep in thought An old man who was wearing a beard came up the street toward the police station. Exercise
21、1. (09全国全国1) She brought with her three friends, none of _I had ever met before. A. them B. who C. whom D. these 2. (09全国全国2) My friend showed me round the town, _was very kind of him. A. which B. that C. where D. it 3. (北京北京)-What do you think of teaching, Bob? -I find it fun and challenging . It i
22、s a job _ you are doing something serious but interesting. A. where B. which C. when D. that 4. (09湖南湖南) I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city _name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. A. which B. of which C. that D. whose 5. (09湖南湖南) Gun control is a subject
23、 _ Americans have argued for a long time. A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which 6. (09重庆重庆) Life is like a long race _we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. A. why B. what C. that D. where 7. (09山东山东) Whenever I met her , _ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile
24、. A. who B. which C. when D. that 8. (09福建福建)Its helpful to put children in a situation _they can see themselves differently. A. that B. when C. which D. where 9. (09安徽安徽) Many children, _ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village. A. their B. whose C. of them D.
25、with whom 10. (09天津天津) A person _ e-mail account is full wont be able to send or receive any e-mails. A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever 11. (09辽宁辽宁)Theyve won their last three matches, _I find a bit surprising actually. A. that B. when C. what D. which 12 (09浙江浙江) I have reached a point in my life_
26、 I am supposed to make decisions of my own. A. which B. where C. how D. why 13. (09四川四川) Shell never forget her stay there _she found her son who had gone missing two years before. A. that B. which C. where D. when 14. (09江西江西) The house I grew up _ has been taken down and replaced by an office buil
27、ding. A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which that , which or who? 1. He did all / everything _he could to help me. 2. This is the very thing _ I am after. 3. We talked about the men and the things _ we remembered at school. that that that 4. He is the only man _ can do the work. 5. This is the first
28、thing _ I want to say. 6. He is the finest man _ I have ever worked with. that that that 7. Who is the man _ spoke to you at the gate. 8. Which is the star _ is nearest to the earth. that that that , which ,whose, whom or who? 9. Is there anything else _ you want to say? 10. Any person _ has the money can join the group. 11. He often speaks the role he played in the play, _ made others upset. that that which 12. He opened the door, in front of _ sat a boy. 13. The man to _ I spoke is a famous scientist. 14. The boy _ mother is dead was brought up by his father. which whom whose
