1、 冠词的填空。该空比较简单，一般不宜丢分。但是很多同学在填空时，容易因为固定思维而丢分。比如有的同学认为前边如果提到某种事物，后边再次出现时，一定用定冠词the，事实上并不一定。如一篇关于火灾事故的文章中有这么两句话-hismothercalledtheambulance.Soon_ambulancecameandsenthimtohospital.许多同学填了the，事实上答案应该为an，原因很简单，就是因为救护车是不特定的，母亲在电话里断断不会要求医院派辆车牌号为诸如粤B88888之类的车。请注意，填空必须重视上下文。单纯某一句话答案可能有好几个，但上下文一定有一个最准确，最能将文章连接好
2、。Infiveofthem,therateatwhichfisharebeingtakenoutoftheseahasdroppedtoalevelthatshouldletthepopulationsrecover.这句话的主语是rate，句型应该是therate(atwhich)hasdroppedtoalevel,“hasdroppedto”是谓语动词，后面的alevel就是to的宾语，that引导的是定语从句，修饰level。atwhich引导的也是定语从句，修饰rate 这其中的五个，鱼被从海洋打捞的比率/达到要让人们予以调整恢复的程度。1919期期 语法填空语法填空Find out
3、 the mistakes in each following sentence and correct them.1.She going to school every day.2.People in order to make profits cut down trees.3.I gone to the hospital to visit him.4.He lay in bed,read a book.5.The teacher came into the classroom held a book in his hand.1.She goes to school every day.2.
4、People cut down trees in order to make profits.3.I went to the hospital to visit him.4.He lay in bed,reading a book.5.The teacher came into the classroom holding a book in his hand.19期B2版 非谓语动词（一）（知识归纳-2.不定式的用法）Fill in the blanks 1.Itisveryhard_(finish)theworkintenminutes.2.Marxfound_important_(stud
5、y)thesituationinRussia.3.HedidnothinglastSundaybut_(repair)hisbike.4.Ihavenochoicebut_(stay)here.5.Hewasseen_(cross)theroad.6.Hewasthefirstperson_(land)onthemoon.7.他是最适合做这个工作的人。Heisthemostsuitablemantodothejob(或forthejob).8.Iwillattendthemeeting_(hold)tomorrow.=Iwillattendthemeetingwhichwillbeheldto
6、morrow.=Iwillattendthemeetingwhichistobeheldtomorrow.9.我旅行的计划落空了。Myplanto travelcametonaught(零)atlast.总结：不定式作定语可以：表将来 修饰：序数词、最高级，thelast,theonly，thenext等词修饰的名词 修饰：plan.desire,wish,chance,promise,attempt,ability,right(权利)，time等名词 10.他匆忙赶到学校不料却发现一个人也没有。Hehurriedtoschoolonly to findnobodythere.(only)to
7、do不定式作结果状语，表示意料之外的结果。一一.不定式不定式（1）做主语）做主语 1.眼见为实。眼见为实。2.买那台二手洗衣机不是一个明智的选择。买那台二手洗衣机不是一个明智的选择。（2）做宾语）做宾语 3.他买不起一辆小车。他买不起一辆小车。4.她最终答应借钱给我，但是想我尽快还她最终答应借钱给我，但是想我尽快还给她。我承诺一有钱就会还她的。给她。我承诺一有钱就会还她的。1.To see is to believe.2.Its an unwise choice to purchase the second-hand washing machine.3.He cant afford to bu
8、y a car.4.She eventually agreed to lend me the money,but wanted me to pay her back as soon as possible.And I promised to do that as long as I have money.（3）做宾补）做宾补 5.-你想我帮你做些什么呢？你想我帮你做些什么呢？-我宁愿你离我远一点。我宁愿你离我远一点。6.经理命令他的秘书马上来见他。经理命令他的秘书马上来见他。7.是谁弄哭这个婴儿的？是谁弄哭这个婴儿的？8.夏天经常见到他去游泳。（被动）夏天经常见到他去游泳。（被动）（4）做定语
9、）做定语 9.你有没有吃的东西，饿死我了。你有没有吃的东西，饿死我了。10.他总是第一个来，最后一个走。他总是第一个来，最后一个走。5.-What would you like me to do?-I prefer you to stay away from me.-I would rather you kept away from me.6.The manager ordered the secretary to see him in no time.7.Who made the baby cry?8.He is often seen to go swimming in summer.9.H
10、ave you got/Do you have anything to eat?Im starving.10.He is always the first to come and the last to leave.（5）做状语（目的、结果或原因）做状语（目的、结果或原因）11.我全力以赴学习为了取得更大的进步。我全力以赴学习为了取得更大的进步。12.那个害怕的小女孩躲了起来为了不让人那个害怕的小女孩躲了起来为了不让人家抓起来。家抓起来。13.他搬起石头想不到却砸伤了自己的脚。他搬起石头想不到却砸伤了自己的脚。(only to do)14.她太虚弱了，照顾不了自己。她太虚弱了，照顾不了自己。1
11、5.看到他回来我们都很高兴看到他回来我们都很高兴.11.I take great pains to study so as to make greater/further progress.12.The terrified/frightened girl hid(away)in order not to be caught.13.He lifted the rock only to hurt/injure his feet.14.She is too weak to care for herself.15.We are glad to see his coming back.（6）做表语）做表
12、语 16.他的理想是长大了当牙医。他的理想是长大了当牙医。17.我的责任是把你们教好。我的责任是把你们教好。16.His ideal/dream/goal is to be a dentist when he grows up .17.My job/duty/task/responsibility is to teach you well.不定式的形式不定式的形式 1.请记得帮我寄那封信。请记得帮我寄那封信。2.今晚六点半你们应该在读书。今晚六点半你们应该在读书。(be supposed to do)3.听说他曾经吸过毒。听说他曾经吸过毒。4.这个任务很快就要开展了。这个任务很快就要开展了。5
13、.报道说，最近很多人给打劫。报道说，最近很多人给打劫。6.他不知道下一步做什么好。他不知道下一步做什么好。7.怎么样去解决这个棘手的问题到现在还是一个怎么样去解决这个棘手的问题到现在还是一个谜。谜。8.当爸爸走进书房的时候，我假装在认真学习。当爸爸走进书房的时候，我假装在认真学习。不定式的形式不定式的形式 1.Please remember to post the letter for me.2.You are supposed to be reading at half past six this evening.3.He is said to have taken drugs.Or:It
14、is said that he has taken drugs.4.The task is to be carried out.5.Many people are reported to have been robbed.Or:It is reported that many people have been robbed.6.He had no idea what to do next.7.How to find a solution to the tough problem is still a mystery.8.When my father walked into the study,
15、I pretended to be studying attentively/carefully.动名词可以受到名词所有格的修饰，动名词可以受到名词所有格的修饰，例如：例如：1.Mary的撒谎使得在场的人都很吃惊的撒谎使得在场的人都很吃惊.Marys telling lies made all the people present angry.2.我坚持她和我一起去我坚持她和我一起去.I insisted on her going together with me.3.老板原谅了他的迟到老板原谅了他的迟到.The boss forgave his coming/being late.=The
16、boss forgave him for his coming/being late.4.你介意我开窗吗你介意我开窗吗?Do you mind me/my opening the window?动名词还有被动式，例如：动名词还有被动式，例如：5.He doesnt mind being left alone.6.She came here without being invited.7.The stranger helped me out without being asked.V-ing形式形式主动式主动式被动式被动式一般式一般式 doingbe doing完成式完成式 having don
17、e having been done 动名词的翻译练习。动名词的翻译练习。1.上重点大学并非是一个遥远的梦想。上重点大学并非是一个遥远的梦想。2.你介意把收音机开小一点吗？我静你介意把收音机开小一点吗？我静不下心来学习。不下心来学习。3.我无法忍受他那样对待他的父母。我无法忍受他那样对待他的父母。(bear)4.他的迟到令老师很生气。他的迟到令老师很生气。5.听到这个笑话，我们都忍俊不禁。听到这个笑话，我们都忍俊不禁。1.上重点大学并非是一个遥远的梦想。上重点大学并非是一个遥远的梦想。Going to a key university is not a distant dream.2.你介意把
18、收音机开小一点吗？我静不下心来学你介意把收音机开小一点吗？我静不下心来学习。习。Do you mind turning down the radio?I cant concentrate on my study.3.我无法忍受他那样对待他的父母。我无法忍受他那样对待他的父母。(bear)I cant bear/stand/tolerate his treating his parents like that.4.他的迟到令老师很生气。他的迟到令老师很生气。His coming late made the teacher angry.5.听到这个笑话，我们都忍俊不禁听到这个笑话，我们都忍俊不禁。
19、On hearing the amusing joke,we couldnt help laughing/bursting out laughter.6.道歉是没有用的。道歉是没有用的。(It is)7.跟她谈那么多是没有好处的，因为跟她谈那么多是没有好处的，因为我觉得她不可靠。我觉得她不可靠。8.我期待着收到你的来信。我期待着收到你的来信。9.他有很多缺点，其中赌博是最严重他有很多缺点，其中赌博是最严重的。的。10.我反对在公共场所吸烟，有害健康。我反对在公共场所吸烟，有害健康。6.道歉是没有用的。道歉是没有用的。(It is)It is no use making an apology.7
20、.跟她谈那么多是没有好处的，因为我觉跟她谈那么多是没有好处的，因为我觉得她不可靠。得她不可靠。It is no good talking so much with her for I dont think she is reliable.8.我期待着收到你的来信。我期待着收到你的来信。I look forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.9.他有很多缺点，其中赌博是最严重的。他有很多缺点，其中赌博是最严重的。He has quite a few shortcomings,of which the most serious is gambl
21、ing.10.我反对在公共场所吸烟，有害健康我反对在公共场所吸烟，有害健康 I object to smoking in public,which is greatly harmful to health.11.我将永远忘不了第一次被带去动物园我将永远忘不了第一次被带去动物园的事的事.I will never forget being taken to the zoo for the first time.12.没有人喜欢在公共场合被嘲笑没有人喜欢在公共场合被嘲笑.Nobody enjoys being made fun of in public.13.她在阅览室里学习她在阅览室里学习.She
22、 is studying in the reading room.现在分词作定语有时候可以等于一个定语从句现在分词作定语有时候可以等于一个定语从句.1.正在书房里看书的那个人是我的父亲正在书房里看书的那个人是我的父亲.The man reading in the study is my father.=The man who is reading in the study is my father.2.坐在窗户边上的那个男孩是坐在窗户边上的那个男孩是Tom.The boy sitting by the window is Tom.=The boy who is sitting by the w
23、indow is Tom.用非谓语动词翻译以下的文段。用非谓语动词翻译以下的文段。我喜欢游泳。昨天做完了功课后，我我喜欢游泳。昨天做完了功课后，我弟弟建议弟弟建议/坚持我们去游泳，父母同意我们坚持我们去游泳，父母同意我们的请求，但是禁止的请求，但是禁止(forbid)我们去深水游泳，我们去深水游泳，因为那样会冒着丧生的危险的因为那样会冒着丧生的危险的(risk)。我们。我们高兴地出发，有说有笑。到了河边，我们高兴地出发，有说有笑。到了河边，我们迫不及待地跳了进去，忘记了脱衣服。在迫不及待地跳了进去，忘记了脱衣服。在河里游了一个半小时后河里游了一个半小时后(spend/take)，我，我们就开始
24、动身回家。我们期望着们就开始动身回家。我们期望着/梦想着将梦想着将来成为一名跳水运动员。来成为一名跳水运动员。I am fond of swimming.After finishing our homework yesterday,my younger brother suggested/insisted on going swimming.My parents allowed us to go swimming but forbad us to swim in deep water because we would risk losing our lives in that case.The
25、n we set out merrily,talking and laughing.Arriving at the river,we couldnt wait to jump into the river,forgetting to take off our clothes.After spending/Having spent one hour and a half swimming,we set off for home.We both dream of/look forward to being a diver in the future.Iaskedhimaquestionrelate
26、dtohislecture.=Iaskedhimaquestion(whichwas)relatedtohislecture.我问了他一个与他的讲演有关的问题。relateAto/withB将（两事物）联系起来;把A和B联系起来 berelatedto(与.有关,和.有联系,和.有亲戚关系)过去分词作状语表示过去分词作状语表示被动被动的的和和/或或完成完成的动作的动作.有些过去分词不表被动而表有些过去分词不表被动而表状态状态.这样的过去分词及这样的过去分词及短语常见的有短语常见的有:lost(迷路迷路);seated(坐坐);hidden(躲躲);stationed(驻驻扎扎);lost/ab
27、sorbed in(沉溺于沉溺于);born(出身出身于于);dressed in(穿着穿着);tired of(厌烦厌烦).e.g.因为沉溺于思考之中因为沉溺于思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音所以他没听到那个声音.Lost/Absorbed in deep thought,he didnt hear the sound.Faced/confronted with(面临面临)Compared with（与（与相比较）相比较）非谓语作独立成分 英语中有些词英语中有些词(短语短语)可以独立存在，无需考虑它与句子可以独立存在，无需考虑它与句子的主语是主动关系还是被动关系。的主语是主动关系还是被动关系。
28、to make the matter worse=whats worse（更糟的是）（更糟的是）frankly(broadly,generally,properly,strictly)speaking judging from/by（从（从/根据根据判断判断）considering+名词名词（就（就而论）而论）considering+that 从句从句（考虑到）（考虑到）supposing/suppose(that)+句子句子（如果（如果,假设）假设）provided thatproviding that(倘若倘若,假如假如;在在条件下条件下,只要只要)speaking of/talking of (说到，谈到说到，谈到)thinking of (考虑到、想到考虑到、想到)compared with/to(与与相比相比)takinginto consideration=taken into consideration (考虑考虑)taken as a whole (总的说来总的说来)put frankly (坦白地说坦白地说)Takingallthingsintoconsideration,hislotisahappyone.从各方面来考虑,他的命运是幸福的。=Allthingstakenintoconsideration,hislotisahappyone.
