1、1 / 15 2020 北京西城高三一模 英语2020.4 本试卷共11页，120 分。考试时长100 分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考 试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分） 第一节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的 空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A TheInternationalDayofFamilies,whichwasstartedbytheUnitedNationsin1993, 1(hold
2、)on May 15 every year. The day celebrates the2(important) of families. It aims to deepen peoples understandingof issues3are related to families. With a different theme each year, the day is observed with a wide range of events that are organized at local, national and international4(level). B For th
3、ousands of years, people have been trying to predict the weather. In China during the Shang Dynasty, people5(record) weather forecasts on animal bonesand tortoise shells. Centuries later, 6Greece, the philosopher, Aristotle wrote his theories about how weather conditions formed. Weather forecasting
4、advanced over time, with more and more instruments used to measure temperature, humidity and air pressure. Today,satellitedataandcomputertechnologyhelp scientistspredict the weathermore7 (precise). C Last year, China started testing 5G mobile networks in several cities. The Hongkou District of Shang
5、hai was the first to operate a 5G network. Totest the network, WuQing, vice mayor of Shanghai, made a phone call 8 (use) a Huawei MateX, Huaweis first 5G smartphone. According to The Telegraph, “5G is the innovation that9 (shape) all our lives for years to come.” It is10(fast) and more stable than 4
6、G, the previous generation of cellular ( 蜂窝状的) network technology. 第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑。 It was late, about 10:15 p.m., when Janice Esposito arrived at the Bellport train station; she jumped into her Honda Odyssey and began the 20-m
7、inute drive home to her husband and seven-year-old son. Shed just returned from visiting her mother and hadtraveledthe routemany times before. She practically11on autopilot: a left onto Station Road, then a left on Montauk Highway, and thenwham! Out of nowhere 2 / 15 a car T-boned Espositos minivan,
8、12her to move backward some 100 feet onto the railroad tracks. She 13in theminivan,bruised (撞伤) butmostlyjust knockedoutby the14and the airbags. As it happened, Pete DiPinto was getting ready for15. Hed just closed his bookand was getting under the covers when he heard the sound of metal on metal an
9、d breaking glass coming from not far outside his bedroom window. A volunteer 16 and retired teacher,DiPinto, 64, never17to think. He grabbed a flashlight and, still dressed in his pajamas(睡衣), ran out the door. “Any firefighter would have done what I did,” he told Newsday. “Werealways on 18 .” The f
10、irst carhe cameupon,2,000feet fromhisfront yard,was the onethat had 19Esposito.Once DiPinto concluded the driver was OK, he looked around and20Espositos minivan positioned on the the railroad tracks. And then he heard a terrible sound: the bells signaling an oncoming21. “The gates were starting to c
11、ome down,” he told Newsday. “I see the headlight of the train.” DiPinto ran quickly to Espositos minivan and knocked on the drivers side window. She22looked at him, her eyes unfocused. “I dont know where I am,” she said. Sheseemed unhurt. “Honey, youre on the railroad23,” DiPinto shouted. “We have t
12、o getyou off right now!” He pulled hard on the24, but the door was crashed in and25. Theheavy diesel train, traveling at 65 miles per hour, was moving fast toward them. DiPinto ran to the passenger side and threw open the26. “Please, dont let her be27,” he thought.He pushed aside the deflating ( 瘪 了
13、 的 ) airbags, grabbed Espositos arms, and 28 her toward him acrossthe passengerseat untilhe couldhelpherout andquicklygetherto29behind a signal box a few feet away. Within six seconds, he estimated, the train crashed into the minivan. “It was like a Hollywood movie,” DiPinto told reporters the next
14、day. But this one had a twist. “Last night,” South Country Ambulance chief Greg Miglino told CBS New York, “the 30 arrived in pajamas, not in a fire truck.” 11. A. droveB. walkedC. rodeD. hiked 12. A. allowingB. forcingC. orderingD. reminding 13. A. satB. stoodC. hidD. waited 14. A. actionB. noiseC.
15、 impactD. bomb 15. A. classB. workC. dinnerD. bed 16. A. doctorB. driverC. firefighterD. engineer 17 A. stoppedB. troubledC. intendedD. wanted 18. A. dutyB. timeC. targetD. schedule 19. A. warnedB. caughtC. hitD. followed 20. A. observedB. spottedC. realizedD. predicted 21. A. trainB. truckC. carD.a
16、mbulance 22. A. yetB. justC. stillD. even 23. A. yardsB. stationsC. bridgesD. tracks 24. A. beltB. keyC. bellD. handle 3 / 15 25. A. unlockedB. jammedC. openD. gone 26. A. bagB. doorC. bookD. box 27. A. scaredB. ignoredC. trappedD. defeated 28. A. carriedB. rushedC. guidedD. pulled 29. A. returnB. w
17、orkC. safetyD. life 30. A. policeB. actorC. reporterD. hero 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A What it does The self-cleaning door handle is combining with advanced photocatalytic ( 光 催 化 ) and blacklight technology. A light source activa
18、tes the doors handle coating, telling it to start cleaning. It can minimize the risk of infection by contact and improve the cleanliness of a space. How it works The working principle of the product is that a thin advanced photocatalytic coating can effectively decompose bacteria ( 细 菌 ) on the surf
19、ace of a substance. A consistent UV light sourceinside a transparent glass door handleis required to activate the doors handle coating on the outer surface for disinfection, so a generator is used to provide electricity to light up a UV LED lamp by the motion of an opening and closing door. Then, th
20、e door handle can clean by itself. Design process We made the first version by using stainless steel. However, it caused the door handle to be heavier. Then, we tried aluminum, which made it light and easy to fix. We also improved the generator output which effectively turned energy from door moveme
21、nt into a light source. How it is different Our innovative design is simple, effective, and attractive. It has an elegant smooth shape, and its minimalist appearance stands out in todays world of inventions. Nowadays, people use chemical cleaning materials to clean up public areas but it harms the h
22、uman body. Our design can be used for a long time and is effective. It can self- clean after each use. In the door lock and door handle market, it is a unique design because there are no similar products. Future plans In the future, we will commercialize the product and hope that it can compete on t
23、he market with similar products. We are going to connect with public properties, for example, shopping malls, hotels, hospitals and public restrooms, where the risk of spreading infection is higher. Awards In addition to winning the James Dyson Award, it has also received the Gold Award, and in 2016
24、, it was 4 / 15 featured in the 44thInternational Geneva Inventions Exhibition. 31.How does the self-cleaning door handlefunction? A.It controls the door movementautomatically. B.It minimizes the risk of infection by less contact. C.Chemical cleaning materials are used to clean it up. D.The light so
25、urce tells the door handle coating to clean itself. 32.Compared with the first version of the product, the presentone is. A. safer and cheaperB. cleaner and easier C. less heavy and more effectiveD. more attractive and expensive 33.What do we know about the new invention according to thepassage? A.I
26、t has been widely used in public areas. B.It has received recognition for its innovation. C.It is quite competitive among similar products. D.It will replace traditional chemical cleaning materials. B This little South American Magellanic penguin swims 5,000 miles, to a beach in Brazil, every year i
27、n order to be reunited with the man who saved its life. It sounds like something out of a fairy tale, but its true! 71-year-old retired brick worker Joao, who lives in an island village just outside Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, found the small Magellanic penguin lying on rocks at his local beach in 2011.
28、 The penguin was covered in oil and running out of time fast. Joao rescued the penguin, naming it Din, cleaned the oil off its feathers and fed him a daily diet of fish to rebuild its strength. After a week of recovery, Joao attempted to release the penguin back into the wild. However, Din had alrea
29、dy formed a family bond with his rescuer and wouldnt leave. “He stayed with me for 11 months and then, just after he changed his coat with new feathers, he disappeared,” Joao recalls. “I love the penguin like its my own child and I believe the penguin loves me,” Joao told Globo TV. “No one else is a
30、llowed to touch him. He pecks (啄) them if they do. He lies on my lap, lets me give him showers, and allows me to feed him.” Professor Krajewski, a biologist who interviewed the fisherman for Globo TV,told The Independent: “I have never seen anything like this before. I think the penguin believes Joa
31、o is part of his family and probably a penguin as well.” However, environmentalists warn that, while hundreds of the Magellanic species are known to naturally migrate (迁徙) thousands of miles north in search of food, there has been a worrying rise in the phenomenon of oceanic creatures washing up on
32、Brazils beaches. Professor David Zee from Rio de Janeiros State University, 5 / 15 said the increase is due in part to global climatic changes. Professor Zee added that sea animals face increased danger from leaked tankeroil. Luckily the ending for Joao and Din has been a happy one, even though it i
33、s illegal in Brazil to keep wild animals as pets. Professor Krajewski said: “Professionals who work with animals try to avoid relationships like this occurring so they are able to reintroduce the animal into the wild. But in this single case the authorities allowed Din to stay with Joao because of h
34、is kindness.” 34.Every year Din swims a long distance to a beach inBrazil to. A. avoid being killedB. meet his rescuer C. escape from ocean currentsD. find much more fish 35.When Din was foundin 2011,. A. he was dyingB. he was running on the beach C. he was resting on a rockD. he was cleaning oil of
35、f his feathers 36.What can we learn about Joao from the passage? A.He is not allowed to keep the penguin as a pet by theauthorities. B.He overprotects the penguin by keeping him away fromothers. C.His contact with the penguin is encouraged by professionals. D.His kindness wins the penguins trust. 37
36、.The story in the passage mainly shows. A.the environmental impact on wildlife B.the love between humans and wildlife C.the tendency of wildlife to bond with humans D.the protection of threatened wildlife by mankind C Store owners have been inventing new tricks to get consumers into their stores and
37、 purchasing their goods. Even as we find new strategies to resist, neuroscientists (神经科学家) are employed at marketing agencies across the country to best figure out what is going through a consumers brain at each point in the decision process. We consumers overspend due to the fact that we have a fea
38、r of missing the really good deal or having to pay more for the same thing and lose money. Normally, the prefrontal cortex ( 前 额皮 层 ) controls our emotional reactions to things, and keeps us from acting unreasonably by calming down our fears. But an advertiser can disturb our prefrontal cortex just
39、by displaying flashy deal signs, encouraging it to do math on how much money we might save now by buying more of something we dont actually need yet. Nostalgia, that regretful affection for past events, is another strong influencer during the holiday season, and 6 / 15 its shaped by emotion. Emotion
40、whether good or badenhances the formation of memories, engaging more parts of the brain. So hearing a nephew singing a carol, for instance, might reawaken memories associated with that particular song in a much more powerful way than hearing that same nephew sing another song. These kinds of memorie
41、s are brought back even more easily by sensory input. This might be why we are often greeted by a sensory reminder everywhere we go in a month. Wherever you purchase gifts, there are social influences on what you buy as well. The holidays are a time when we are especially conditioned to pay more for
42、 the label because were buying gifts. Receiving a brand-name gift sends the message that “this person has spent more on me, so he or she must value me more.” And it makes sense. If two things seem pretty much the same, how do I know which to choose? Humans have survived as a social species, and we h
43、ave to rely on each other. So when our brains are trying to make decisions, one of the shortcuts is to assume that if a lot of other people prefer something (and higher cost is often a predictor of that), then there must be a reason. Much of our holiday spending is driven by unplanned purchases. Pla
44、n ahead, resist the urge to purchase in the moment, make notes for comparison shopping, and if the deal is actually good, then it will hold up to inspection and youll feel good about your purchases later. Before you blow your budget this season, remember that your brain might be fooling you into tha
45、t next purchase. 38.From Paragraph 2, welearn that. A.the prefrontal cortex is the calculation center B.the common consumers always act unreasonably C.the sight of flashy deal signs may fill consumers with fear D.the advertisers make consumers pay more for the same thing 39.According to Paragraph 3,
46、 which of the following can work onconsumers? A. Creating a festival atmosphere.B. Following the current fashion. C. Preparing more free samples.D. Offering a bigger discount. 40.Why do we buy brand-name gifts during the holiday? A. They are more reliable.B. They are a sign of social status. C. They
47、 make peoplefeel valued.D. They are favored by most people. 41.Toavoid overspending, the author suggests we. A. buy in the momentB. reduce our budget C. return unnecessary productsD. make a plan in advance D The Impossible Burger is entirely free of meat. But it looks, smells, feels andmost importan
48、tlytastes so much like real hamburger beef. In fact, plant-based burger alternatives have set off a strong resistance from the beef industry. The Center for Consumer Freedom, a nonprofit that advocates on behalf of the fast food and meat 7 / 15 industries has launched an “informational” campaign tar
49、geting plant-based meats. The campaign has included TV and online ads, as well as print ads in newspapers. The ads seem to imply that not only is an artificial burger too processed, but that it might be even less healthy than the average beef burger. While its true that a plant-based meat alternative is processed and its true that eating one is not as healthy as a pile of raw vegetables, its best to take the ads with a generous pinch of salt. For instance, the additives and preservatives in plant-based meat highlighted in one ad sure sound scary. Who wants
