1、人教版八年级下册人教版八年级下册英语英语语法课件语法课件present(now)futurepast Present Perfect Tense 现在完成时现在完成时主语主语+have/has+过去分词（过去分词（pp）助动词助动词,无意义无意义 现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构 I have already had breakfast.（我现在不饿了。）（我现在不饿了。）主语主语+have/has+过去分词（过去分词（pp）否定形式否定形式 havent(have not）+过去分词过去分词 hasnt (has not)+过去分词过去分词疑问句疑问句 把助动词把助动词 have/has 放
2、在句首放在句首 现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构注：主语若是第三人称单数助动词用注：主语若是第三人称单数助动词用 hasYou have planted all the trees.I have planted all the trees.He/she has planted all the trees.They have planted all the trees.区别区别have 和和 has的用法的用法 主语若是第三人称单数助动词用主语若是第三人称单数助动词用 has.现在完成时的否定句现在完成时的否定句主语主语+have/has+not+过去分词过去分词The concert has
3、started already.音乐音乐会已经会已经开始开始了了.The concert hasnt/has not started yet.音乐会还没有开始音乐会还没有开始.They have gotten to London already.They havent/have not gotten to London yet.现在完成时的一般疑问句现在完成时的一般疑问句Have/Has+主语主语+过去分词过去分词?eg:A:Has the concert started?音乐会开始了没音乐会开始了没?B:Yes,it has.是的开始了是的开始了.B:No,it hasnt 不不,还没有开始
4、还没有开始.A:Have you finished your homework?B:Yes,I have.是的我做完了是的我做完了.B:No,I havent 不不,我没做完我没做完.1、regular verbs 规则变化规则变化 与动词过去式变化一致与动词过去式变化一致(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed”。work-worked-worked visit-visited-visited(2)、以、以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”。live-lived-lived like liked liked;hope hoped hoped;过去分词
5、过去分词变化规则变化规则(3)、以、以“辅音字母辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将结尾的动词，将“y”变为变为“i”，再加“ed”。study-studied-studied crycried-cried hurry hurried hurried;(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加写该辅音字母，再加“ed”。stop-stopped-stopped drop-dropped-dropped shop-shopped-shopped plan-planned-planned2、irregular verbs不规则变化（不规
6、则变化（A-B-B）havehadhad spend spentspent makemademade saysaidsaid findfoundfound hearheardheard 3、不规则变化（、不规则变化（A-B-C）taketooktaken speak spokespoken singsangsung drivedrovedriven bewas/werebeen gowentgone 4、不规则变化（、不规则变化（A-A-A）cutcutcut put putput letletlet readreadread 5、不规则变化、不规则变化 (A-B-A)come came co
7、me become becambecome 1)表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。现在完成时的现在完成时的用法用法2)表示过去发生的动作表示过去发生的动作,强调结果或对现在的影强调结果或对现在的影响。响。Someone has broken the window.(窗户现在是窗户现在是坏的坏的)I have already lost the key.(我现在没有钥匙我现在没有钥匙)I havent read that book yet.(不了解书的内容不了解书的内容)I have just cleaned my hands.(手是干净的手是干净的)
8、Now we have planted all the trees.(树种好了树种好了)He has just come back.(现在已经回来了现在已经回来了)1.We have already cleaned up our classroom.2.Have you seen her yet?3.The bus hasnt come yet.4.Have you ever been to the Great Wall?No,I have never been to the Great Wall.5.I have seen her before,but I can not remember
9、where.6.I have just had my breakfast.时间状语标志一：时间状语标志一：already(已经已经),yet(已经已经),just(刚才刚才),ever(曾经曾经),never(从未从未),before(之前、曾经之前、曾经),肯定句肯定句否定句否定句1.I have been to America twice.2.How many times have read Treasure Island?3.My parents have been to Beijing several times.时间状语标志二：时间状语标志二：与与 once,twice,three
10、times,several times，how many times 等表重复次数的词语连用等表重复次数的词语连用I havent seen him for two years.我已经两年没见到他了。我已经两年没见到他了。She has taught us since last year.自从去年起她教我们。自从去年起她教我们。I have skated since I was four years old.从我四岁时我就开始滑冰了。从我四岁时我就开始滑冰了。时间状语标志三：时间状语标志三：since+过去的时间点过去的时间点/过去时间的句子过去时间的句子；since+时间段时间段+agofo
11、r+时间段时间段how long 提问的句子提问的句子用for 或since填空1.Mr.Brown has had his TV _ 15 years.2.Ive taken driving lessons _last month.3.My sister has had her cell phone _a month.4.My friends havent visited me _few days ago.5.We havent used our car _ a long time.6.She hasnt had a good cup of coffee _years.7.Tom has w
12、orn glasses _he was 7 years old.for since forsinceforforsinceI havent finished my homework so far.我目前为止还没有完成我的作业。我目前为止还没有完成我的作业。La La Song is the best movie that we have seen in the past 3 years.爱乐之城是我们最近三年来看过的最好的电影爱乐之城是我们最近三年来看过的最好的电影I havent seen her recently.我最近没有见到她。我最近没有见到她。时间状语标志四：时间状语标志四：与与re
13、cently(最近最近),so far(目前为止目前为止),in the past three years(在过去三年里在过去三年里)/in the last few years(在在最近几年里最近几年里)，等时间状语连用等时间状语连用1、与、与already,yet(已经已经)，just(刚好），刚好），ever,never,before(曾经曾经)连用。连用。2、与、与 once,twice,three times,several times 等表重复次数的词语连用等表重复次数的词语连用3、与带、与带for和和since 的时间状语连用。的时间状语连用。4、与、与recently(最近最近
14、),so far(目前为止目前为止),in the past three years(在过去三年里在过去三年里)/in the last few years(在在最近几年里最近几年里)等时间状语等时间状语连用。连用。三三.现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时：现在完成时：（1 1）表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成对现在造成的影响或结果的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或，或从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态，保存的状态，强调的是现在的情况。强调的是现在的情况。（2 2）yesterday afternoon,the d
15、ay before yesterday,last year、a moment ago,just now 一般过去时：一般过去时：(1)(1)一般过去时只表示过去的一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态动作或状态，和，和现在不发现在不发生关系生关系（即动作或状态在现在已经结束），即动作或状态在现在已经结束），(2)(2)它它可以和具体表示过去的时间状语可以和具体表示过去的时间状语连用。连用。五、五、现在完成时现在完成时与与一般过去时一般过去时的区别的区别(二）一般过去时态、现在完成时二）一般过去时态、现在完成时和和一般现在时一般现在时的的区别区别）现在完成时现在完成时是表示过去的动作与现在的联是表示过
16、去的动作与现在的联系，主要说明的是现在的情况和状态；而系，主要说明的是现在的情况和状态；而一般一般过去时过去时则强调动作发生在过去某一时间，与现则强调动作发生在过去某一时间，与现在不发生联系。在不发生联系。一般现在时一般现在时表示经常性，习惯表示经常性，习惯性的动作或存在的状态性的动作或存在的状态.与过去没有关系与过去没有关系。例如：例如：We havent seen him since last year.我们自从我们自从去年以来一直未见到他去年以来一直未见到他（现在还未见到）（现在还未见到）We didnt see him last year.我们去年没见到我们去年没见到他他.（现在不一定
17、未见到）（现在不一定未见到）I often see him.(现在经常见到现在经常见到)）现在完成时表示从过去发生一直持续到）现在完成时表示从过去发生一直持续到现在（包括现在）的某个动作或状态，与现现在（包括现在）的某个动作或状态，与现在有关的时间状语连用，一般过去时表示过在有关的时间状语连用，一般过去时表示过去某一特定（与现在无关）的时间，与具体去某一特定（与现在无关）的时间，与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用。例如：的表示过去的时间状语连用。例如：He has lived here since he was born.自他出生自他出生以来一直居住在这儿以来一直居住在这儿。（since 自从自从
18、以来以来，与现在有关与现在有关，说明他还居住在这儿。）说明他还居住在这儿。）Liu Mei went to see her grandmother last night.刘刘梅昨晚去看了他外婆梅昨晚去看了他外婆。（只说明昨晚）（只说明昨晚）例如：例如：We are good friends(现在情况现在情况)我们是好朋友。我们是好朋友。I got to know him in 2005.(过去的动作过去的动作)我在我在2005年认识（结识）他年认识（结识）他 We have known each other since 2005.(现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联
19、系起来并着眼于现在起来并着眼于现在)自从自从2005年来我们就相互认识。年来我们就相互认识。have/has been to have/has gone tohave/has been inHe has gone to Shanghai.他他(已经已经)去上海了。去上海了。He has been to Shanghai.他他(曾经曾经)去过上海。去过上海。He has been in Shanghai.他他(一直一直)待在上海。待在上海。1.have/has been to 指到过某地且已回来指到过某地且已回来2.have/has gone to 指去某地且还没回来指去某地且还没回来3.hav
20、e/has been in 指一直待在某地指一直待在某地用用have gone to,have been in,have gone to,have been in,have been tohave been to的适当形式填空。的适当形式填空。1.Where are the boys?They _the teachers office.He isnt in the classroom now.2.We_ Japan twice.3.Tom _ China since 1998.has been inhave gone tohave been to用用have gone to,have been
21、 in,have gone to,have been in,have been tohave been to的适当形式填空。的适当形式填空。1.Where is Lucy?She _ school.2.She_never _ Hawaii before.3.How long _ you _ _Hawaii?4.Where _you _,Lily?has gone tohas been tohave been inhave been1.Write the forms of the past tense and past participle:drink _ _ see _ _ find _ _
22、leave _ _ tell _ _drank drunksaw seenfound foundleft lefttold told1.动词原形，过去式，过去分词练习动词原形，过去式，过去分词练习beat _ build _ cost _ feel _hear _hurt _ make _ read _ show _beat beatenbuilt built cost cost felt feltheard heardhurt hurtmade made read readshowed shown,showedspell _teach _ win _drive _fall _give _gr
23、ow _know _run _see _write _spelt,spelled spelt，spelledtaught taughtwon wondrove drivenfell fallengave givengrew grownknew known ran runsaw seen wrote written 1.Why is Mr.Yang still in the teachers office?Maybe he _ his work yet.A.doesnt finish B.hasnt finished C.havent finished2.I _a film with my fr
24、iend last Sunday.A.saw B.see C.have seen D.was seeingBA3、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two years.is writing .was writing .wrote .has written 4、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years.was;studying .will;study.has;studied .are;studyingDC5.We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl
25、.know .had known .have known .knew 6.Harry Potter is a very nice film.I_ it twice.will see .have seen .saw .see7.He _here in 2010.A.has lived B.lived C.lives D.have livedCBB8.-The story book is very interesting.-I agree with you.I_it twice already.A.read B.will read C.am reading D.have read9.-Your s
26、hoes are so old.Why didnt you buy a new pair?-Because I_all my money on my computer.A.spend B.have spent C.am speaking D.was speakingDB10.-_you ever the new Mingyuan Statium?A.Do;visit B.Have;visit C.Did;visit D.Are;finish11.-Id like to introduce my best friend to you,Peter.-Thank you,Lucy.But we_al
27、ready.A.meet B.met C.will meet D.have met 12.-Mike,why are you watching TV again?-I _my homework.A.finish B.finished C.have finished D.had finishedBDC1.I have told him the truth.(改为一般疑问句改为一般疑问句)(改为否定句改为否定句)(做否定回答做否定回答)(对划线部分提问对划线部分提问)Have you told him the truth?I havent told him the truth.No,I haven
28、t.What have you told him?2.My sister has travelled by plane for many times.(改为一般疑问句改为一般疑问句)(改为否定句改为否定句)(对划线部分提问对划线部分提问)(对划线部分提问对划线部分提问)Has your sister travelled by plane for many times?My sister hasnt travelled by plane for many times.How many times has your sister travelled?What has your sister don
29、e by plane for many times?2.Tom has been to Hongkong before.(改为一般疑问句改为一般疑问句)(改为否定句改为否定句)(对划线部分提问对划线部分提问)Has Tom been to Hongkong before?Tom hasnt been to Hongkong before.Where has Tom been to before?I.用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空1._your friend _(win)any prizes before?2Tony_(enter)two speaking competitions
30、,so he has some experience.3I wont see the film.I_(see)it.4Lucy_(finish)her homework.Lets go out to play together.5 Mr Green_(leave)you a message half an hour ago.Here it is.Has won has entered have seen has finished leftI.根据汉语意思完成句子根据汉语意思完成句子6你曾经乘坐飞机旅行过吗你曾经乘坐飞机旅行过吗?_you_by plane?7我还没有为我的父母做过饭。我还没有为
31、我的父母做过饭。I_ _for my parents yet.8布莱克一家在中国已经去过很多有趣的地方了。布莱克一家在中国已经去过很多有趣的地方了。The Blacks _ _ _many interesting places in China.9到目前为止，我们已经学完了第二模块了。到目前为止，我们已经学完了第二模块了。So far,we_ _learning the second module.10一些超市已经停售这些有问题的牛奶。一些超市已经停售这些有问题的牛奶。Some supermarkets_ _selling the milk with problems.Have travell
32、edhavent cookedhave been to have finishedhave stopped I.填空填空1.I_ already _(see)the film.I _(see)it last week.2._ he _(finish)his work today?Not yet.3.My father _ just _(come)back from work.He is tired now.4.Wheres Li Ming?He _(go)to the teachers office.5.I _(work)here since I _(move)here in 1999.6.S
33、o far I _(make)quite a few friends here.have seensaw Has finished has come has gone to have worked moved have made 7.How long _ the Wangs _(stay)here?For two weeks.8.I _ just _(finish)my homework.9.He _(go)to school on foot every day.10._ you _(find)your science book yet?11.If it _(be)fine tomorrow,
34、Ill go with you.12.The students _(read)English when the teacher came in.13.Look!The monkey _(climb)the tree.14.My mother _(come)to see me next Sunday.15.Ive lost my pen._ you _(see)it anywhere?has stayed have finished goes Have finishedis is reading is climbing will come Have seen 1.Ive know Li Lei
35、_ ten years.2.I have lived here _ 2002.3.The meeting has been on _ an hour ago.5.She has taught us _I came to the school.6.Its about ten years _ he left his home.7.Lily and I have been friends _3 years.8.We have learned 1,000 English words _ we came to this school.Fill in the blanks with“since”and“f
36、or”.forsincesincesincesincefor an hoursince+过去的时间点过去的时间点/过去时间的句子过去时间的句子since+时间段时间段+agofor+接时间段接时间段forsince单项选择。单项选择。()1.Have you taken out the trash,Belly?_.Ill do it right away.A.Sorry,I have B.No,I didnt C.No,I dont D.Not yet()2.Have you _ visited Shanghai?No,_.A.ever;not B.never;not C.ever;never
37、 D.never;everDC()3.Could you go to the park with me this afternoon?Sorry,I _ there.I went there yesterday.A.have left B.have been C.went D.was()4.Have you washed your clothes _?No,I havent.But I have cleaned the room _.A.ago;already B.yet;yet C.before;yet D.yet;alreadyBD1、They have been here since 2
38、000.(对划线部分对划线部分提问提问)_ _ have they been here?2、The old man _ last year.(die/dead)He _ _ _ for a year.(die/dead)（选词填空）（选词填空）3、This factory moved here twenty years ago.(同同义句转换义句转换)This factory _ _ here for twenty years.How long diedhas been stayedhas been dead 句型转换句型转换4.I have already finished my homew
39、ork.I _ _ my homework yet.(改改为否定句为否定句)_ you _ your homework?(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)Yes，_ _.havent finished Have finished I have1.My brother left school in 2005,and since then he in Beijing.A.lives B.lived C.will live D.has lived 2.I joined the League _ May,2008.What about you?-Ive been a League
40、 member _ three years.A.in;for B.on;in C.on;forD.in;sinceDA自从那自从那以后以后3.So far this year,many new houses _ in Wenchuan with the help of the government.A.build B.are built C.will build D.have been built【解析】考查动词的时态。句中【解析】考查动词的时态。句中有有So far“到目前为止到目前为止”，使用现，使用现在完成时态，故选在完成时态，故选D。D1.She often_(watch)TV on
41、Sunday.2.He _(not play)the guitar last week.3.Tom_(read)an interesting book now.4.He_(listen)to the radio when I came in.5.I dont know if it _(rain)tomorrow.6.We _(be)good friends since we met at school.watchesdidnt playis readingwas listeningwill rainhave been 1.-Have you read this book?-YesI_ it t
42、wo weeks ago A.is reading Bhave read Cwill read Dread2.Mary with her sisters_ Chinese in China now.A.are studying B.have studied C is studying D was studying.3.Have you ever been anywhere for a trip?-A trip?I_ away from my hometown even once.A.went B.have gone C.have been D have never beenDCD4、Both
43、his parents look sad.Maybe they _whats happened to him.A.knew B.have known C.must know D.will know5.You dont need to go out to buy food.I _some food online.A.order B.ordered C.have ordered D.will order6.Shes put her car in the garage,_she?A.is B.has C.isnt D.hasnt7.This story is very interesting.I_(
44、read)it twice already.8.-_Tom _(find)his pen yet?-No,he _.BCDhave readHasfoundhasnt9、-_ you _ your homework yet?-Yes.I _ it a moment ago.Did;do;finished .Have;done;finished .Have;done;have finished .will;do;finish10.Our teacher has taught in our school_ A.ten year ago B.ten years long C.for ten year
45、s D.since ten years11.Have you done the job yet?_ A.Not already B.Not yet C.No,I dont D.No neverBCB12.How long have these Indian kids _ this Chinese school?For about three years.A.come to B.came to C.been in D.joined13.In the past few years there _great changes in my hometown.A.have been B.were C.ha
46、d been D.have had14.Jenny _another letter to her mother three days ago,she _to her mother four times.A.writes,wrote B.wrote,has written C.write,writes D.has written,has writtenCAB1.I left school in 2007.Then I came here.(改为改为完成时完成时)I _ _here since I left school in 2007.2.Sally and I knew each other
47、two days ago.(改为完成时改为完成时)Sally and I _ _each other for two years.3.I borrowed the book one month ago.(用现在用现在完成时改写句子完成时改写句子)I_ _the book for the month.4.Mary has already entered any cometition.(改为否定句改为否定句)Mary_entered any competition_.5.My father has stayed in Taijin for two weeks.(改为一般疑问句改为一般疑问句)_ _
48、 _your father stayed in Tianjin?have come have known have kept hasnt yet Has your father 假如你是李雷，下面是你总结的自开学以来在英语学假如你是李雷，下面是你总结的自开学以来在英语学习和生活上的收获。请根据两条总结和提示词，写一习和生活上的收获。请根据两条总结和提示词，写一篇英语书信，寄给你的好朋友篇英语书信，寄给你的好朋友Lucy.Lucy.1.1.在英语学习上：学到了许多新单词、短语和句子；口在英语学习上：学到了许多新单词、短语和句子；口语及写作都有提高；并结交了一位美国笔友。语及写作都有提高；并结交了
49、一位美国笔友。2.2.在生活上：已能较好地照顾自己，学会了打扫房间和在生活上：已能较好地照顾自己，学会了打扫房间和洗衣服。并学会了做饭。洗衣服。并学会了做饭。提示词：提示词：phrases,sentences,spoken English,able.Dear Lucy,Since the beginning of this term,I have learnt a lot._ Yours,Li Lei 1.Our country _ a lot so far.Yes.I hope it will be even _.A.has changed;well B.changed;good C.has
50、 changed;better D.changed;better2.What are you going to do this Sunday?I _ yet.(绍兴市绍兴市)A.wont decide B.didnt decide C.havent decided D.dont decide3.Our school is having a sports meeting.Someone _ here and there is no seat now.A.arrived B.have arrived C.has arrived4._ you _ the movie Gongfu Panda II？
