1、高考英语形容词与副词常考考点一、形容词和副词基本用法1.形容词作状语表示伴随或结果，并不表达动作的方式。After the long journey, the three of them went back home, hungry and tired.经过长时间旅行后，他们三个回到家，又饿又累。2.有些副词还可以作连词，作副词时常放在句末。如：though, (ever) since, in case等He is old.He works hard, though. Though he is old, he works hard.虽然他年事已高，但他工作还是很努力。3.有些副词置于句首可修饰
2、全句，作评注性状语。如：obviously, naturally, surprisingly等Fortunately, he was not drowned and was saved by the PLA.幸运的是，他没被淹死，被解放军给救了。Happily for her, her hometown, Zhengzhou was saved.高兴的是，她的家乡郑州得救了。4.can not/never 与enough 或too连用表示：无论怎样都不过分；越越好。 I was riding alone in the street and all of a sudden, a car cut
3、in and knocked me down. 我正在大街上独自一人骑自行车，突然一辆小汽车强行超车把我撞倒了。 You can never be too careful in the street. 在大街上你越小心越好。【真题再现】1._, she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.A.Shy and cautious B.Sensitive and thoughtfulC.Honest and confident D.Lighthearted and optimistic答案 D解析句意
4、：她无忧无虑、积极乐观，是那种用微笑给别人带来快乐的人。本题考查形容词作伴随状语。shy and cautious 害羞的、小心的；sensitive and thoughtful 敏感的、多思的；honest and confident 诚实的、自信的。2.Jim went to answer the phone._, Harry started to prepare lunch.A.However B.NeverthelessC.Besides D.Meanwhile答案 D解析句意：Jim 去接电话了。与此同时，Harry 开始做午饭。本题考查副词用法。A.然而；B.虽然如此；C.除此之
5、外；D.与此同时。根据前后句逻辑关系，应选择表示并列关系的D。3.We only had $100 and that was _ to buy a new computer.A.nowhere near enough B.near enough nowhereC.enough near nowhere D.near nowhere enough答案 A解析 句意：我们只有100美元，离买台新电脑的钱还差得远呢。本题考查修饰词顺序。not anywhere near 或nowhere near：far from, not at all远非，绝不是，为固定短语。4.When it was his
6、turn to deliver his speech, _, he walked towards the microphone.A.nervously and embarrassingly B.nervous and embarrassedlyC.nervously and embarrassing D.nervous and embarrassed答案D解析该题考查形容词作状语。形容词一般作定语，但也可作状语。如：He lay in bed, awake.再如：Her husband came back, drunk.二、形容词和副词比较等级1.“as形容词(a/an)名词as”表示同级比较
7、，注意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自所在的位置。It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.人们普遍认为，教学是一门科学，同时也是一门艺术。2.“as形容词/副词的原级as”与“not as/so形容词/副词的原级as”表示同级比较，即两个或两部分人或物在性质上或程度上相同(不同)。The work is not as/so difficult as you imagine.这项工作不是像你想像的那么难。3.“the比较级of the two 名词” 表示 “两者中较的那个”。The ta
8、ller of the two boys is my brother.两个男孩中较高的那位是我哥哥。4.a形容词比较级nAfter two years research, we have a far better understanding of the disease.研究两年之后, 现在我们对这种病有更好的理解。We went to the USA in search of a better life.为了寻找更美好的生活我们去了美国。5.比较级的修饰语常见的有：rather, much, still, even, far, any (用于否定句或疑问句), a lot, a little
9、, a great deal, by far, a bit 等。The students study even harder than before.学生们学习比以前更努力了。A car runs a great deal faster than a bike.汽车比自行车跑得快得多。6.最高级(1) 最高级的修饰语常见的有：序数词, by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not really, not quite, nothing like。The bridge being built now is by far the longest across th
10、e Yellow River.目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的桥。Id like to buy the second most expensive camera.我想买仅次于最贵的照相机。(2) 否定词比较级最高级。There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends.为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。 Are you satisfied with what he said at the meeting? 你对他在会议上说的满意吗？ No.It couldnt ha
11、ve been worse. 不, 不能再差了。 【真题再现】1.（2019新课标I卷语法填空）Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are 68 (high) than they actually are.答案higher解析考查形容词的比较级。根据其后than they actually are可知, 此处为形容词的比较级, 故填
12、higher。2.（2017新课标III卷语法填空）He screams the 63 (loud) of all.The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.答案loudest解析考查最高级。根据后面的of all可知, 他声音最大, 所以用最高级loudest。3.（2017江苏卷任务型阅读）The birth rate in the 21st century may be much _71 _ than it was in the 20th.答案lower解析根据 “declin
13、ing birth rate could be a defining one of the 21st” 可知, 21世纪的出生率比20世纪低, 且much/even/far/a lot/a little等修饰比较级, 故填lower。4.（2017新课标I卷语法填空）As a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.答案worse解析考查比较级。句意：更
14、糟糕的是, 人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。故填worse。5.Believe it or not, swimming is _ as any to lose unwanted weight.A.a way as goodB.as a good wayC.as a way goodD.as good a way答案 D解析 考查固定短语。as.as表示“和一样”, 固定表达方式有“asadj./adv.as”“ asadj.a/ann.as”等。6.- Do you think that the 11th Chinese National Games were a success?- Yes, _!
15、 It couldnt be _.A.relatively; betterB.approximately; worseC.absolutely; betterD.fortunately; worse答案 C解析本题考查副词和形容词在语境中的运用。relatively 相对地, 比较地；approximately 大约；absolutely 当然是, 绝对正确；fortunately 幸运地。根据语境知, 第十一届全运会绝对是一个成功的盛会, 没有比它更好的了, 故C项正确。三、比较级表示最高级含义1.比较级+than any other+可数名词单数The Changjiang River i
16、s longer than any other river in China.在中国, 长江比其他任何一条河流都长。2.比较级+than all(the) other+可数名词复数China is larger than all the other Asian countries.中国比亚洲的其他国家都大。3.no/never/nothing.+比较级Nothing is more valuable than time.时间比任何东西都珍贵。4.“否定词+不定冠词+形容词的比较级+名词”或“否定词+副词的比较级”表示“从未；未曾”This film is very moving.I have
17、never seen a better one.这部电影很感人, 我从没有看过一部比它更好的。四、表示倍数的句型(1) A is倍数比较级thanB(2) A is倍数as原级asB(3) A is倍数the名词(size, length, height 等)ofB(4) A is倍数thatofB(5) A is倍数what 引导的名词性从句 This building is three times higher than that one.This building is three times as high as that one.This building is three time
18、s the height of that one.这个建筑物是那个建筑物的3倍高。 The output of this year is 3 times that of 2018. The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2018.今年的产量是2018年的三倍。 After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced twice as many cars in 2018 as the year before.自从新技术被引进以后, 这家工厂2018年生产的小汽车是上一年
19、的两倍。【真题再现】1.When you study the local map, youll find this town is _.A.twice the size of that oneB.twice as a large town as thatC.twice as larger as that oneD.twice as larger a town as that解析句意：当你研究当地的地图时, 你会发现这座城镇是那个的两倍大。倍数的表达方式：A is 倍数the名词(如size/length)of B；B项中不定冠词位置错误；C、D项中as后应用形容词原级。答案A2.Peters
20、jacket looked just the same as Jacks, but it cost _ his.A.as much twice asB.twice as much asC.much as twice asD.as twice much as解析倍数表达法是形容词比较等级中一种很常用的比较级结构。不管用哪种比较级结构来表示比较, 表示倍数的词总是放在比较级结构的最前面。答案B3.My uncles house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours, but it is twice _ expensive.A.asB.soC.
21、tooD.very解析 考查倍数表达法。这里的倍数是twice, 由expensive这一原级可知, 这里使用了as.as.这一比较结构, 在具体的语境中, 后面的一个as以及后面的成分可以承前省略, 即这里expensive后面省略了as ours。答案A五、多个形容词修饰名词时的顺序：限定词数词描绘词(大小, 长短, 形状, 新旧, 颜色) 出处材料性质类别名词“限定词”包括：冠词、物主代词、指示代词、或数词, 它位于各类形容词前。它本身分为三位, 即：前、中、后。前位限定词有all、half、both、分数和倍数；中位限定词有冠词、指示代词、物主代词等；后位限定词有基数词和序数词, 但序
22、数词位于基数词前。如:both my hands、all half his income等。“描绘”性形容词如：beautiful、bad、cold、great等。表示“形状”的词如：round, square等。出处可以是指一个国家或地区的词。“材料”的词如：wooden, woolen, stone, silk等。“类别”的词如：medical, college, writing desk, police car等 a small round table a tall gray building a dirty old brown shirt a famous German medical
23、 school an expensive Japanese sports car【真题再现】Tony is going camping with _ boys.A.little two otherB.two little otherC.two other littleD.little other two解析由限定词-数词-描绘词-(大小, 长短, 形状, 新旧, 颜色) -性质-名词的公式可知数词, 描绘词, 性质依次顺序, 只有C符合答案。答案C六、形容词和副词的区别及用法1.late 和laterHe is late.He is half an hour late.他迟到了, 迟到了半小时
24、。Three minutes later, he arrived. 三分钟后, 他来了。2.pleased, pleasing与pleasant（1）pleased的含义是 “感到满意, 高兴”, 后常跟介词at, with。Im pleased to see you here.在这儿见到你很高兴。Shes pleased with our programme.她对我们的节目很满意。（2）pleasing表示 “令人欣喜的”, 相当于 “giving pleasure”。My sisters progress in dancing is pleasing.我姐姐在舞蹈方面的进步令人高兴。The
25、 baby has a pleasing voice.这个婴儿的声音很悦耳。（3）pleasant表示 “快乐的, 愉快的”。The girl has a pleasant childhood.这个女孩有一个快乐的童年。To have a pleasant holiday is my favorite.过一个愉快的假期是我最喜欢的。3.living, alive与live（1）living作定语时, 既可置于所修饰的名词之前, 也可置于所修饰的名词之后, 译为 活着的, 当代的。在句中充当定语及表语。Not all living things live on sunlight.并非所有的生物都
26、依赖阳光生存。My grandparents are still living.我的祖父母仍然健在。（2）alive译为 “活着的”, 可以在句中作表语及定语。作定语时, 位于它所修饰的名词之后。He may be the busiest person alive.他可能是世上最忙的人了。Is that sheep dead or alive? 那头羊是死了还是活着？（3）alive还有“活泼的, 活动的, 有生机的”之意。You seem very much alive today.你今天看起来很活跃。（4）live表示 “活着的”, 做 “现场直播” 讲时可以用作形容词、副词, 在句子中可
27、以作定语, 表语。The programme is live.= The programme is broadcast live.这个节目是现场直播的。4.worth, worthy与worthwhile（1）worth意为 “值得的”, 后接v-ing形式, 构成 “be worth doing” 结构, 也可接表示价格的名词及钱数；（2）worthy意为 “值得的”, 后接 “of+名词（或being+过去分词）”, 构成 “be worthy of+名词（或being done）” 结构或 “be worthy to be done” 的结构。（3）be worthwhile to do
28、 sth/doing sthThis coat is worth one hundred yuan.这件上衣价值一百元。This problem is worthy of being discussed.这个问题值得讨论。5.too, also, eithertoo和also用于肯定句、疑问句, too多用于口语, also多用于书面语, either用于否定句。too常用在句末, also常用在句中。Are they coming too? 他们也来吗?She is young and beautiful, and also rich.她年轻漂亮, 而且有钱。He hasnt finishe
29、d it, either.他也还没有做完。6.likely与possible, probablelikely 的主语可以是it也可以是名词或其它代词, 而possible和probable只能用it作主语。 This strange grass never seen before seems _to be a new plant.A.likelyB.possiblyC.probablyD.particularly解析句意：这种从未见过的草可能是一种新植物。主语是This strange grass, 可以排除B、C两项, D项不符合句意。故选A7.most 与mostlymost做形容词或代词
30、, 如：most students, most of us；mostly为副词, 表示大部分情况下, 或成分中大部分。七、重点句型句型1：A is 倍数the size/length/weight/heightof B.如：The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one.新扩建的广场是前一个的四倍大。句型2：A is to B what C is to D.意为 “A对于B就如C对于D。” 如：Engines are to machines what hearts are to animals.发动机对
31、于机器就如心脏对于动物。句型3：cant be tooadj. cant beadj.enough无论都不为过, 越越 如：You can never be careful enough. You can never be too careful.你无论怎么小心都不为过。句型4：tooto句型的两个意义(1) 表示否定意义, 意为 “太而不能”。如：This question is too hard for me to understand.这个问题对我来说太难理解了。(2) 表示肯定意义, 意为 “非常, 很, 极”。当too后面接easy, ready, eager, inclined, willing, thankful, delighted等形容词时, too表示 “很, 非常”之意, 与very表达 “很” 的意思相同。当too前有all, but, only等词时, 形成only /but/all tooto do结构, 仍旧表达 “非常, 很, 极” 之意。如：Im too glad to hear that.我对此感到非常高兴。7
