1、Computer Science in EnglishDesigned and Programmed ByJiang TongqiangMiao TianshunTeaching Assisted CoursewareComputer Science in EnglishII.Grammatical Notes to the Text III.Words Bank to the TextIV.Exercises of the ChapterI.Pre-reading QuestionsChapter 18 Supply Chain ManagementII.Grammatical Notes
2、to the Text III.Words Bank to the TextIV.Exercises of the ChapterI.Pre-reading QuestionsChapter 18I.Pre-reading Questions1.What is a supply chain?2.Describe the model of supply chain(pull and push).3.What are the objectivities of a supply chain?1.What is a supply chain?Reference Key:A supply chain c
3、onsists of all states involved,directly or indirectly,in fulfilling a customer request.The supply chain not only includes the manufacturer and suppliers,but also transporters,warehouses,retailers,and customers themselves.Chapter 18I.Pre-reading Questions2.Describe the model of supply chain(pull and
4、push).Reference Key:Pull model:a manufacturer may fill customer orders directly.Push model:manufacturers do not respond to customer orders directly but maintains an inventory of products from which it fills customer orders.Chapter 18I.Pre-reading Questions3.What are the objectivities of a supply cha
5、in?Reference Key:The objective of every supply chain is to maximize the overall value generated.Within开头的介词短语作状语，such as 表示列举。分词短语involved(=that are involved)作后置定语，修饰本句的宾语functions。Filling a request(满足要求)作介词in的宾语。1.Within each organization,such as a manufacturer,the supply chain includes all functio
6、ns involved in filling a customer request.II.Grammatical Notes to the Text本句的主要结构就是Wal-Mart stocks its shelves。句中的两个分词短语using表示方式，其逻辑主语分别是Wal-Mart和distributor。句中的两个that引导两个定语从句，分别修饰inventory和warehouse。2.Wal-Mart stocks its shelves using inventory that may have been supplied from a finished-goods war
7、ehouse that Wal-Mart manages or from a distributor using trucks supplied by a third party.II.Grammatical Notes to the Text句中的supply chain是term的同位语；分词短语moving fromtototo表示伴随状态，意思是“从到”。3.The term supply chain conjures up images of product,or supply,moving from suppliers to manufacturers to distributor
8、s to retailers to customers along a chain.II.Grammatical Notes to the Text本句的主体结构是：The value is the difference between and。定语从句a supply chain generates 修饰主语value。What引导的名词性从句充当介词between的宾语。另一个定语从句the supply chain expends 修饰the effort。Fill the customers request 意思是满足客户的要求。4.The value a supply chain g
9、enerates is the difference between what the final product is worth to the customer and the effort the supply chain expends in filling the customers request.II.Grammatical Notes to the Text这是一个the more,the more 的句型，意思是“越，越。句中省略了谓语动词。该句可补全为：The higher the supply chain profitability is,the more success
10、ful the supply chain will be.5.The higher the supply chain profitability,the more successful the supply chain.II.Grammatical Notes to the Text分词短语depending on 在句中作状语。由which引导的定语从句修饰the time frame，关系代词which指代的是the time frame，介词over前置。6.These decisions fall into three categories or phases,depending on
11、 the frequency of each decision and the time frame over which a decision phase has an impact.II.Grammatical Notes to the Text本句的主体结构如下：Dells decisions are classified as planning decisions。介词短语regarding the markets 修饰本句主语decisions。定语从句a given production facility will supply and target production quan
12、tities at different locations 修饰介词regarding的宾语markets。be classified as的意思是“被分类为”。7.Dells decisions regarding the markets a given production facility will supply and target production quantities at different locations are classified as planning decisions.II.Grammatical Notes to the Text本句的主体结构如下：Quak
13、er Oats is an example.关系连词which引导的定语从句修饰表语example，其主体句子结构如下：（in which）the inability led to the failure。不定式to design and manage 作为定语修饰inability。8.In contrast,Quaker Oats is an example in which the inability to design and manage flows appropriately in the supply chain led to the failure of its acquisi
14、tion of Snapple.II.Grammatical Notes to the Text本句的主体结构为：Dell makes an active effort.不定式to further improve 是状语，表示目的；to steer customers 作为定语修饰effort；that 引导的定语从句修饰configurations；本句中的given 是介词，意思是“taking(sth)into account 考虑到（某事物）”，形容词available是后置定语。9.To further improve the match between supply and dem
15、and,Dell makes an active effort to steer customers in real time,on the phone or via the Internet,toward PC configurations that can be built given the components available.II.Grammatical Notes to the Textretailer ri:5teilE n.零售商零售商detergent di5tE:dVEnt n.清洁剂，去垢剂清洁剂，去垢剂dynamic dai5nAmik adj.动态的动态的avai
16、lability E7veilE5biliti n.可用性，有效性可用性，有效性replenishment ri5pleniFmEnt n.补给，补充补给，补充visualize 5vizjJElaiz vt.形象，形象化，想象形象，形象化，想象initiate i5niFieit vt.开始，发动开始，发动wholesaler 5hEulseilE n.批发商批发商revenue 5revinju:n.收入，税收收入，税收incur in5kE:v.招致招致uncertainty Qn5sE:tnti n.无常，不确定，不可靠无常，不确定，不可靠constraint kEn5streint
17、n.约束，强制约束，强制flexibility 7fleksE5biliti n.弹性，适应性，机动性弹性，适应性，机动性optimize 5Cptimaiz vt.使最优化使最优化soar sC:(r)vi.翱翔，骤升翱翔，骤升inability inE5biliti n.无能，无力无能，无力acquisition 7Akwi5ziFEn n.获得，获得物获得，获得物bypass 5baipB:s n.忽视，不留意忽视，不留意vicinity vi5siniti n.邻近，附近邻近，附近defective di5fektiv adj.有缺陷的有缺陷的launch lC:ntF vt.开办，发
18、动开办，发动merchandise 5mE:tFEndaiz n.商品，货物商品，货物synergy 5sinEdVi n.协同，配合协同，配合remedy 5remidi vt.治疗，补救治疗，补救IV.ExercisesComprehensionI.Filling BlanksVocabularyII.True or FalseIII.Matching TermsSummaryVII.Cloze(Summarizing the Text)VIII.Translating SentencesCollocationIV.Answering QuestionsV.Selecting WordsV
19、I.Conceptual PhrasesTranslationI.Fill in the following blanks.I.Fill in the following blanks.II.True or False.III.Matching the terms.IV.Answer the following questions.V.Fill in the blanks with the words given below.Change the form where necessary.incur detergent bypass optimize initiate defective re
20、venue vicinity inability V.Fill in the blanks with the words given below.Change the form where necessary.incur detergent bypass optimize initiate defective revenue vicinity inability V.Fill in the blanks with the words given below.Change the form where necessary.incur detergent bypass optimize initi
21、ate defective revenue vicinity inability V.Fill in the blanks with the words given below.Change the form where necessary.incur detergent bypass optimize initiate defective revenue vicinity inability V.Fill in the blanks with the words given below.Change the form where necessary.incur detergent bypas
22、s optimize initiate defective revenue vicinity inability V.Fill in the blanks with the words given below.Change the form where necessary.incur detergent bypass optimize initiate defective revenue vicinity inability V.Fill in the blanks with the words given below.Change the form where necessary.incur
23、 detergent bypass optimize initiate defective revenue vicinity inability V.Fill in the blanks with the words given below.Change the form where necessary.incur detergent bypass optimize initiate defective revenue vicinity inability V.Look at the following sentence taken from your reading passage.Just
24、 think about what else you can“initiate”and fill in the sentences with the right words.e.g.Dell builds to order,that is,a customer order initiates manufacturing at Dell.Dell does not have a retailer,wholesaler,or distributor in its supply chain.2.In 1939,Einstein wrote his famous letter to US Presid
25、ent Roosevelt in which he urged him to initiate an American nuclear research pr_.ogram 1.Louis Cheskin published the groundbreaking Color For Profit in 1951 and initiated a scientific ap_ to color and design.proach4.There is no doubt that people have instinctive responses to colors and shapes.But ju
26、st how these responses initiate the pu_ of a box of pudding mix or a jar of skin cream is not well understood.rchase 3.However,the commons had no power to initiate le_.It could only ask the monarch to grant requests.gislation6.We think it wrong on fundamental ethical principles to initiate the de_ o
27、f such a weapon.velopment 5.The By 1967,National Councillor Willy Bretscher tried to initiate a ha_ with the UN and possible membership.monyVII.Choose the best one of the four answers given to fill in each blank.Supply chain management(SCM)is the process of planning,implementing and controlling the
28、operations of the supply chain as efficiently as 1 SCM spans all movement and storage of 2 materials,work-in-process inventory,and finished goods from point-of-origin to point-of-consumption.Traditionally,companies in a supply network concentrate 3 the inputs and outputs of the processes,with 4 conc
29、ern for the internal management working of other individual players.Therefore,the choice of an 5 management control structure is known to 6 local firm performance.During the past decades,globalization,outsourcing and information technology have 7 many organizations,such as Dell and Hewlett Packard,t
30、o successfully operate solid 8 supply networks in which each specialized business partner focuses on only a few key strategic activities.This inter-organizational supply network can be acknowledged 9 a new form of organization,many of 10 increasingly find that they must rely on effective supply chai
31、ns,or networks,to successfully compete in the global market and networked economy.1.A.soon B.possible C.canD.well 2.A.fine B.dry C.raw D.good 3.A.on B.inC.overD.with4.A.much B.more C.fewD.little5.A.efficiencyB.storage C.internal D.external 6.A.improve B.helpC.impact D.regard7.A.ableB.enableC.enablin
32、g D.enabled8.A.collaborativeB.collaboration C.mutualD.assistant 9.A.as B.toC.byD.with10.A.that B.whichC.whoseD.whom1.B2.C3.A4.D5.C6.C7.D8.A9.A10.D1.The objective of every supply chain is to maximize the overall value generated.VIII.Translate the following into English.2.The value a supply chain gene
33、rates is the difference between what the final product is worth to the customer and the effort the supply chain expends in filling the customers request.VIII.Translate the following into English.3.Successful supply chain management requires several decisions relating to the flow of information,produ
34、ct,and funds.VIII.Translate the following into English.4.For decisions made during this phase,the supply chains configuration determined in the strategic phase is fixed.VIII.Translate the following into English.5.Given that good product performance is common in the PC industry,the competitive battlefield is now focused on service delivery and supply chain efficiency.EndVIII.Translate the following into English.
