1、译林牛津英语单语词组归纳译林牛津英语单语词组归纳选择性必修四选择性必修四Unit 2 Understanding each otherUnit 2 Understanding each other1 send an email 发电子邮件（P16）2 leave a message 留言（P16）3 have a conversation with sb 和某人交谈（P16）【语境助记】Every time we send an email,leave a message or have a conversation with somebody,we are communicating.4 i
2、nterpretas把理解为/解释为（P16）5 be accompanied by 伴随；相伴而生（P16）【语境助记】They(The two words“Hey you!”)could be interpreted as a welcoming greeting from a close friend,especially if accompanied by a gentle smile.I didnt know whether to interpret her silence as acceptance or refusal.The scientists interpret the g
3、irls excitement as meaning they are trying to understand what they have just seen.Children under 15 years are free and must be accompanied by an adult.Children,when accompanied by their parents,are allowed to enter the stadium.6 function as 起作用；充当（P16）7 a means of attracting ones attention 吸引某人注意力的方
4、式（P16）【语境助记】When spoken by a stranger,they(the two words“Hey you!”)can function as a means of attracting your attention.The sofa also functions as a bed.On weekdays,one third of the room functions as workspace.The card,which can function as a debit（借记卡）,credit or prepaid card,is entirely anonymous.8
5、 be dependent on/upon 依赖，依靠；取决于（P16）9 not onlybut also不仅而且（P16）10 look into 调查；观察；看；窥视（P16）【语境助记】Much of what we communicate is dependent not only on the words we use,but also on how we use them.So,lets look a little deeper into the topic of communication.You cant be dependent on your parents all yo
6、ur life.The festival is heavily dependent on sponsorship for its success.A childs development is dependent on many factors.The government has set up a commission to look into those crimes.There is growing pressure on NATO to at least address the issue and look into it.11 in response(to)作为回应（P16）12 r
7、efer toas把看作（P16）【语境助记】In response,the receiver sends an encoded message back,which is referred to as feedback.These comments came in response to specific questions often asked by local newsmen.Millions of people gave freely in response to the appeal for the victims of the earthquake.为响应救济地震灾民的呼吁，几百
8、万人慷慨相助。This stretching of capacity is what most people refer to as stress.这种伸展的能力就是大多数人称为的压力。13 depend on/upon 依靠；依赖；取决于（P16）14 communicate with 和交流（P16）【语境助记】Depending on whether you are communicating with a stranger,friend,family member or co-worker,you will need to decide which communication chan
9、nel best suits the situation.The cooking time needed depends on the size of the potato.He depended on his writing for his income.Starting salary varies from 20,000 to 25,000,depending on experience.Dolphins use sound to communicate with each other.Officials of the CIA depend heavily on e-mail to com
10、municate with each other.13 negotiate with 与协商/商谈（P17）14 face to face 面对面（P17）15 in a manner 以某种方式；在某种意义上（P17）【语境助记】For example,if you are a business person negotiating with alarge enterprise about a deal,you should do it face to face,using formal language in a straightforward manner.You have to neg
11、otiate with the locals to get better prices to buy what you need.It is not clear whether the president is willing to negotiate with the Democrats.Threatening happens not only face to face but also through the Internet,social media and the telephone.Mum added that she could talk to her two children f
12、ace to face instead of turning around.She smiled again in a friendly manner.Im a professional and I have to conduct myself in a professional manner.16 be attentive to 注意；留心（P17）17 look away 转移目光；扭头看别处（P17）【语境助记】A smile shows you are attentive to the issues being discussed,while looking away with you
13、r arms folded can indicate disinterest and create distrust or friction.Parents should be more attentive to their childrens needs.He was absolutely attentive to research into the cause of cancer.He wishes the government would be more attentive to detail in their response.Most of us look away when we
14、pass strangers.She looked at him in such distress（忧伤）that he had to look away.18 be knowledgeable about 通晓；有见识（P17）【语境助记】While being knowledgeable about body language is vital,the value of empathy should not be understated.John is very knowledgeable about Chinese music.Do you think you are more know
15、ledgeable about life than your parents were at your age?19 seek to do sthg 力图做某事（P17）20 put yourself/be in sbs shoes 处于某人的境地，设身处地（P17）21 look at the situation from ones perspective 用别人的眼光看待 问题（P17）【语境助记】Seek to understand the other persons emotions,by putting yourself in their shoes and looking at t
16、he situation from their perspective.If I were(put)in your shoes,Id resign immediately.I wouldnt like to be in your shoes when they find out about it.等他们弄清事情真相的时候，你的日子就很不好过了。Try to see the issue from a different perspective.A report has been released that looks at the education system from the perspe
17、ctive of deaf people.22 be/get confused about 感到困惑（P17）【语境助记】However,some issues may be complicated and you may be confused about why others feel the way they do.People are confused about all the different labels on food these days.A survey showed people were confused about what they should eat to s
18、tay healthy.Such difficult economic times may leave many adolescents confused about their roles in society.处于这样的经济困难时期，许多青少年可能对自己在社会中扮演的角色感到困惑。23 give serious consideration to 认真考虑（P17）24 ones point(s)of view 某人的观点（P17）25 account for sth 是的说明（或原因）；（数量上、比例上）占（P17）【语境助记】Only when you give serious cons
19、ideration to their points of view will you be able to see what accounts for their emotions and empathize with them.Keep in mind that body language plays a huge role in communication because it(3)accounts for over 50 per cent of communication.（P19）Its time to give serious consideration to this matter
20、.What cannot be neglected,however,is the necessity to always give consideration to the consumer experience.Try to put yourself in his or her place to give consideration to his or her varied wishes,demand,interest and difficulties.How do you account for the fact that unemployment is still rising?The
21、gene they discovered today doesnt account for all those cases.Exactly,these gases account for nearly half the amount of greenhouse gas emissions.26 approve of 赞成，赞同（17）27 make adjustments(to)调整（P17）【语境助记】You may not approve of their ideas but at least you will see where they are coming from,which me
22、ans you can make adjustments to your own tone and choice of words accordingly.I dont approve of violence in any shape or form.Most people no longer approve of smoking in public places.She doesnt approve of me/my leaving school this year.Ive made a few adjustments to the design.He will have to make m
23、ajor adjustments to his thinking if he is to survive in office.28 enable sb to do sthg 让某人能够做某事（P17）29 settle differences and disagreements 解决分歧（P17）30 improve ones interactions with others 提升和别人的交往（P17）【语境助记】Effective communication will enable you to settle differences and disagreements appropriate
24、ly and improve your interactions with others.The new test should enable doctors to detect the disease early.The spacecraft will enable scientists to study some dark corners of the solar system.The support systems to enable women to realize their potential at work are seriously inadequate.31 apart fr
25、om 除之外；除了；远离（P20）32 in terms of 依据；按照；就而言（P20）【语境助记】Apart from the differences in language such as pronunciation and vocabulary,there is a significant gap in terms of communication styles.Apart from food and drinks,its stores offer paper and cleaning products and pet-care supplies.The ability to cus
26、tomize products sold online can have benefits apart from its appeal to customers.33 no soonerthan一就（P20）34 leave/make an impression on/upon sb 给某人留下印象（P20）【语境助记】No sooner had I begun to understand how British people communicate than it was time to head back home.But it surely left an impression on m
27、e.No sooner had I sat down than there was a loud knock on the door.No sooner had we sat down at the table than the phone rang.【同义词组】hardly/scarcelywhen一就Hardly had I come out of the railway station when my parents ran to me and helped me carry my luggage.Hardly could I hold back my excitement when I
28、 heard that you will come to China.We had hardly sat down to supper when the phone rang.His trip to India made/left a strong impression on him.35 have a preference for 偏爱，偏好（P20）36 fail to do sthg 没能做成某事；失败做某事（P20）37 get straight to the point 直击要点（P20）【语境助记】Now,when speaking to Americans,who have a
29、preference for the direct style,I found that I often failed to get straight to the point.Does Lucy have a preference for a particular colour?Why some people tend to have a preference for red or white wine?I neednt add that if you fail to do as I ask,you will suffer the consequences.In fact,so-called
30、 gifted students may fail to do well because they are unusually smart.Ill come straight to the point your work isnt good enough.The description which he had been given was brief and to the point.38 by the end of 到结束时（P20）39 have a better understanding of/about有更好的理解（P20）【语境助记】By the end of the excha
31、nge year,I had a somewhat better understanding of how to communicate in both countries,but I still have a lot to master.By the end of the match,the sweat was pouring off him.Ive set myself to finish the job by the end of the month.They have to have a basic understanding of computers in order to use
32、the advanced technology.We finally came to an understanding about what hours we would work.40 vary from 不同；不同于（P21）41 be related to 和有关（P21）【语境助记】There are many different taboos around the world,(1)few of which are universal.They often vary from society to society.Taboos are usually related to certa
33、in items or people.Tastes and preferences vary from individual to individual.The importance of being an Olympian will vary from athlete to athlete.I think there will be some embarrassing data and it will vary from country to country.In the future,pay increases will be related to productivity.The sen
34、tences within each paragraph should be related to a single topic.42 be likely to do sthg 可能做某事（P21）43 feel upset or embarrassed 感到不适或尴尬（P21）44 have(no)intention of(doing)sthg（没有）有意图（不）做某事（P21）【语境助记】Those(2)who break taboos are likely to feel upset or embarrassed even if they have no intention of hur
35、ting others,and the situation will also be awkward for the people around them.I have no intention of going to the party.I have every intention of paying her back what I owe her.45 be(not)aware of（没）注意到（P21）【语境助记】If you are not aware of the differences,(3)which may seem unimportant to us,some strange
36、 things might happen.Smokers are well aware of the dangers to their own health.Its probably why so many people are so aware of different kinds of music now.Everybody should be made aware of the risks involved.46 correspond to 符合于；相当于（P21）47 sound like 听起来像（P21）【语境助记】This is because the word that cor
37、responds to“umbrella”in Chinesesounds like another Chinese word(4)which means“to separate”.Their conclusions do not correspond to their original hypotheses（设想）.The written record of his conversation didnt correspond to what was actually said.The findings also correspond to an air temperature increas
38、e of 1.8 degrees Celsius over the past 150 years.This might sound like silly advice,but its actually the most important.“Stereotype”（刻板印象）may sound like a bad word,but theres nothing bad about it.48 travel to a new country 到新国家旅游（P21）49 find out(about)查明；找出；发现（P21）【语境助记】Before you travel to a new co
39、untry,it is a good idea to find out about the local taboos.We can find out how much money is spent on food in any given period.What exactly is colour-blindness and how do you find out if you have it?Find out about their lives and interests beyond the job.They will find out about health standards if
40、they want to go swimming in the sea.50 spare sb(from)embarrassment 避免尴尬/难堪（P21）51 change with the times 随时代而改变；与时俱进（P21）【语境助记】If you know what to avoid and how to behave,you will spare yourself embarrassment.Mind that taboos change with the times.Some behavior(5)that was not tolerated before might b
41、e accepted now.I wanted to spare Frances the embarrassment of discussing this subject.He wanted to spare his mother any anxiety.You could have spared yourself an unnecessary trip by phoning in advance.你要是先打个电话就用不着跑这一趟了。Peoples interests tend to change with age.These opinions will change with time,an
42、d vary from place to place.52 give sb a head start 给某人先行一步的优势（P23）53 in ones future career 某人的未来生涯（P23）【语境助记】“Learning the worlds most spoken language might give Mary-Jo a head start in her future career,”says her mother Alison.A good education gives your child a head start in life.良好的教育会使你的孩子赢在人生的起
43、跑线。Being able to speak French gave her a head start over the other candidates.China had a head start in the competition,and is maintaining its lead comfortably.中国在争夺中处于领先，并且舒适地维持着其领先位置。54 sign up for/sign sb up for 报名参加/给某人报名参加（P23）55 be keen for sb to do sthg 强烈要求某人做某事（P23）56 seeas 把看作（P23）57 be fl
44、uent in a language 流利说语言（P23）【语境助记】More and more ambitious parents in the world are signing their children up for Chinese classes.Keen for their sons and daughters to succeed in life,they see being fluent in a second or third language as an advantage.What language class did you sign up for?Id like t
45、o sign up for some voluntary work with the environment council.Young people are keen for fashion.Parents are always keen for their children to be successful,making their children very stressful.His colleagues see him as a future director.Jessica saw him as a visionary（梦想家）,but her father saw him as
46、a man who couldnt make a living.58 seefrom a new perspective 用新的观点看问题（P23）59 broaden ones mind/horizons 开阔心胸，开阔眼界（P23）【语境助记】They want to know all about its traditions,dynasties and art forms.Learning Chinese helps them see life from a new perspective and broaden their minds to the outside world.Try
47、to see the issue from a different perspective.The local government has released a report that looks at the education system from the perspective of deaf people.Few would disagree that travel broadens the mind.Spending a year working in the city helped Tom to broaden his horizons.Reading is really go
48、od to a person because we can learn a lot from books and broaden our horizons.60 come as no surprise 不足为奇；意料之中（P25）61 given(that)考虑到（P25）62 borrowfrom从借（P25）【语境助记】This comes as no surprise,given that English has borrowed words from more than 300 different languages,including Latin,Greek,French and C
49、hinese.However,English is not alone in borrowing words from other languagesborrowed words can be found in almost all languages.（P25）The findings would come as no surprise to some social scientists.It may come as no surprise,but they also stress the importance of eating a healthy breakfast.Given that
50、 you are still young,I forgive you.Given that we cant turn the clock back,adults can still do plenty to help the next generation cope.63 replacewith用替换（P25）【语境助记】Over time,the sounds that are difficult to pronounce have been replaced with more familiar ones.It is not a good idea to miss meals and re
