1、名 词 性 从 句N o u n C l a u s eDiscover useful structures 名词性名词性从句复习从句复习Unit 2 Bridging Cultures学习目标（learning goals）1 复习什么是名词性从句以及名词性从句的分类；2 了解并掌握高考中名词性从句的考点之一：引导词。学习重难点（important and difficult point）如何判断主从复合句中从句的类型主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句010204031What seemed strange before now appears quite
2、normal to Xie Lei.2What surprised Xie Lei was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks.3Its important that Xie Lei keeps a balance between her studies and her social life.Study the sentences below and mark the noun clauses.Discovering the rulesDiscovering the rules01What se
3、emed strange before now that Xie Lei keeps a balance between her studies and hersocial life.that she found herself speaking up in classafter just a few weeks 表语从句：functioning as the predicative主语从句：functioning as the subject主语从句。it为形式主语谓语动词/介词 名 词When we shall hold the meeting depends on whether Joh
4、n can return tomorrow.系动词The problem is when John will come back.We expressed our hope that we could visit the country again.Studying the rulesStudying the rules02名词性从句名词性从句主语从句：在复合句中充当主语成分的句子主语从句：在复合句中充当主语成分的句子That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.他在很短的时间内写完
5、作文让我们都很惊讶。（主语从句位于主句谓语动词之前）同位语从句：在复合句中充当同位语成分的句子，对前面的抽象名词进行解释说同位语从句：在复合句中充当同位语成分的句子，对前面的抽象名词进行解释说明明宾语从句：在复合句中充当宾语成分的句子宾语从句：在复合句中充当宾语成分的句子表语从句：在复合句中充当表语成分的句子表语从句：在复合句中充当表语成分的句子The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.问题是他什么时候可以到达酒店。（表语从句位于主句的be动词之后）The girls were surprised at the fact that ocea
6、n ships can sail up the Great Lakes.海轮可以开到五大湖，这让女孩们感到吃惊。He told that he would go to the college the next year.他告诉我他将在明年上大学。（位于主句谓语动词、介词等词性后面）复习复习名词性从句主语从句(Subject Clause)宾语从句(Object Clause)表语从句(Predicative Clause)同位语从句(Appositive Clause)Summary:Noun Clauses 名词或名词短语可以在句中充当_，_，_，_。当这些名词或名词短语由一个句子替代时，就
7、是_。名词性从句（Noun Clauses）是在句子中起_作用的句子。根据在句中不同的语法功能，可以把名词性从句分别称为 _，_，_，_。主语主语宾语宾语表语表语同位语同位语名词性从句名词性从句名词名词主语从句主语从句 宾语从句宾语从句 表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句Studying the rulesStudying the rules02观察例句右侧所有例句都是主从复合句主从复合句，句中用了相当于名词作用的从句名词作用的从句(即名词性从句)在句中充当成分。1例句1为what引导的主语从句。2例句2中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面that引导的主语从句。3例句3为why引导的表语从句
8、。4例句4为that引导的宾语从句。5.例句5中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面that引导的宾语从句。6例句6为that引导的同位语从句。1.What seemed strange before now appears quite normal to Xie Lei.2.Its important that Xie Lei keeps a balance between her studies and her social life.3.That is why today over 40%of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second l
9、anguage.4.Her tutor explained that she was supposed to read lots of information to help form a wise opinion of her own.5.He made it quite clear that he preferred to study English.6.The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.warm up 根据成分选连词名词性从句连接词：主语：who(人)what（物）宾语：who/whom(人
10、)what（物）定语：which/whose状语：where,when,why,how不缺成分，不缺意思：that不缺成分，缺意思：whether/if名词性从句的连接词成分精析Practice time判断下列从句是否缺少成分？1.(2018 北京)This is _ my father has taught meto always face difficulties and hope for the best.2.(2017天津)She asked me_ I had returned the books to the library,and I admitted that I hadnt
11、.3.(2016天津)The manager put forward a suggestion _ we should have an assistant.4.(2015北京)I truly believe _beauty comes from within.5.(2015重庆）We must find out _ Karl is coming,so we can book a room for him.（）what（）whether/if（）that）（that（）when主语从句是指在句中作主语的从主语从句是指在句中作主语的从句，位置与陈述句的主语相同。句，位置与陈述句的主语相同。例句：例
12、句：What is not to our satisfaction is that the price of the meal is a little too high.我们不满意的是饭菜的价格稍微有点高。How the book will sell depends on its author.这本书如何销售取决于作者本人。Where we shall have the meeting makes no difference.我们在哪儿开会都无所谓。主语从句1.that引导主语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分，仅起连接引导主语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分，仅起连接作用，但不可省略。作用，但不可省略
13、。That you will win the medal seems unlikely.你想获得奖牌，这看起来是不可能的。2.whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句尾，但引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句尾，但if引导的主语从句只能放在句尾，前面需要用引导的主语从句只能放在句尾，前面需要用it作形式主语。作形式主语。Whether the sports meeting will be held is not certain now.现在尚未确定运动会是否举行。Whether the work can be completed on time is doubtful.It is d
14、oubtful whether/if the work can be completed on time.这项工作能否按时完成还不确定。3.若主语部分结构较长，可以使用形式主语若主语部分结构较长，可以使用形式主语it，把真正的主，把真正的主语从句放于后面。语从句放于后面。It is announced that our school is going to start an activity of “Crazy English”before daily morning exercises.学校通知每日早操前将开展“疯狂英语”活动。It is necessary that people shou
15、ld learn to face the reality.人们应该学会面对现实，这是很有必要的。观察例句宾语从句1.that引导宾语从句，既无语法功能，也无词汇意义，常被省略。但多引导宾语从句，既无语法功能，也无词汇意义，常被省略。但多个并列从句出现时，第一个个并列从句出现时，第一个that可以省略，其他的不能省略。可以省略，其他的不能省略。She said(that)she would come here and that I should wait for her till Monday.她说她将会来这儿并让我等到星期一。2.if和和whether引导宾语从句的区别：引导宾语从句的区别：在
16、动词不定式之前只能用在动词不定式之前只能用 whether。在在whether.or not 的固定搭配中，只用的固定搭配中，只用 whether。在介词后，只能用在介词后，只能用whether。作作 discuss 的宾语时，只能用的宾语时，只能用 whether。宾语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用宾语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用 whether。3.带复合宾语（宾语宾语补足语）的句子中，带复合宾语（宾语宾语补足语）的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后面，而用常移到句子后面，而用it作形式宾语。作形式宾语。4.表示喜欢、憎恶等心理活动的动词后习惯上先加个形式宾语表
17、示喜欢、憎恶等心理活动的动词后习惯上先加个形式宾语it，再接，再接宾语从句。例如：宾语从句。例如：hate，dislike，love，dont mind，feel like，appreciate，rely on，count on，see to等。等。5.宾语从句的否定转移：宾语从句的否定转移：think，believe，suppose，imagine等动词后的等动词后的宾语从句中的否定词要转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而宾语从句中的否定词要转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。从句的谓语动词用肯定式。I dont think we need to wast
18、e much time on it.我想我们不必在这上面浪费太多时间。（形式上否定）在主从复合句中作宾语的从句叫宾在主从复合句中作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句在句中可以作及语从句。宾语从句在句中可以作及物动词、介词或一些形容词的宾语。物动词、介词或一些形容词的宾语。例句：例句：Everyone knows that the earth is made up of matter.每个人都知道地球是由物质构成的。I doubt whether he will be elected as chairman.我怀疑他是否会当选为主席。These two areas are similar in th
19、at they both have high rainfall in summer.这两个地区相似，因为在夏天降水都很多。Im not certain whether the train will arrive on time.我不确信火车是否将会按时到达。注意表语从句表语从句在复合句中作表语，出现表语从句在复合句中作表语，出现在连系动词之后，一般结构为在连系动词之后，一般结构为“主主语连系动词表语从句语连系动词表语从句”。例句：例句：The question is whether we can finish the work in time.问题在于我们是否能及时完成这项工作。1.that在
20、引导表语从句时无词义，在从句中不充当任何成分，在引导表语从句时无词义，在从句中不充当任何成分，仅起连接作用，不可以省略。仅起连接作用，不可以省略。The fact remains that we are still not advanced enough.事实依然是我们还是不够先进。2.whether可引导表语从句，但可引导表语从句，但if却通常不用于引导表语从句。却通常不用于引导表语从句。His first question was whether Tom had arrived yet.他的首要问题是汤姆是否已经到达。3.引导表语从句的引导词还可用引导表语从句的引导词还可用because,
21、as if,as though,as。The sky is overcast with dark clouds.It seems as if it is going to rain soon.天空乌云密布，似乎很快就要下雨了。表语从句的引导词同位语从句在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某个名词后面，语从句。它一般跟在某个名词后面，用来说明前面名词的具体内容。用来说明前面名词的具体内容。常见的这类名词有：fact，news，hope，truth，idea，suggestion，thought，question，promise，order，probl
22、em，belief，word，message，information，proof，announcement，desire，doubt，proposal，advice，possibility等。例句：例句：The news that he was admitted to Peking University is exciting.他被北京大学录取了，这消息真是令人激动。The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁应当做这份工作，这个问题需要考虑。I have no idea that you have applied f
23、or the post.我不知道你已经申请了这个职位。同位语从同位语从句和定语从句的区别句和定语从句的区别注意Have a summary解题步骤：step1step2找出从句画括号根据成分选连词缺主语物（what）人（who）缺宾语物（what）人（who/whom）缺定语哪个，哪些（which）.的（whose）缺状语when,where,why,how不缺成分不缺意思（that）缺“是否”（whether/if）.单句语法填空单句语法填空1.There is no doubt _ he will succeed in time.2.We cant solve the problem _
24、we can travel faster than light.3.Pick yourself up.Courage is doing _ youre afraid to do.4.Upon graduation he asked to be sent to _ he was most needed.5.It is reported _ the government is going to close the factory.6.What surprises me most is _ he is too vain.7._ Mike didnt turn up at the meeting ye
25、sterday made the chairman of the meeting unhappy.8.You may depend on it _ I shall always help you.9.The problem is _ we can get in touch with her.10.The message _ responsibility it was is known to all.KEYS1.that 2.how 3.what 4.where 5.that 6.that 7.That 8.that 9.whether 10.whose.完成句子完成句子1我已经读了这个通知，我
26、们学校广播站需要两名英语播音员。2谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。3你通过考试了，真棒。4她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。5司令员命令部队马上出发。6我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。7他能否准时参加派对得看交通情况。8原材料是我们所急需的。9我尚不能肯定她为什么拒绝他们的邀请。I have read the notice that our school radio station needs two English announcers Who will win the match is still unknown.Its splendid that you passed your exam.She a
27、lways thinks of how she can work well.The commander ordered that troops(should)set off at once.I think it necessary that we have plenty of hot water every day.Whether he can come to the party on time depends on the traffic.Raw material is what we are badly in need of.Im not sure why she refused thei
28、r invitation.综合应用能力提升综合应用能力提升I.请将括号里的疑问句变成名词从句。请将括号里的疑问句变成名词从句。1_ is unimportant to me.(Does she come?)2_ remains uncertain.(Shall we have the match?)3I wonder _.(Should we wait for him?)4No one knows exactly _(Is there life on other planets?)5I am interested in the question _.(Will people live on t
29、he moon someday?)Whether she comesWhether we shall have the matchwhether we should wait for himwhether there is life on other planetswhether people will live on the moon someday An English proverb says _1_ time is money.But I doubt _2_ it is really true or not.In my opinion,time is even _3_precious
30、than money.Why?_4_when money is spent,we can earn it back.However,when time is _5_(go),it will never return._6_ is known to all that the time we can use is limited.Therefore my suggestion is that we _7_(make)full use of our time to study hard so as to serve our country in the future.But it is a pity
31、 _8_ there are a lot of people who do not realize time is of great value and _9_ wasting time is equal to wasting their life.They spend their precious time smoking,drinking and playing.In a word,we should form the good habit of saving time.Do not put off _10_ can be done today until tomorrow.thatwhethermoreBecausegone ItmakethatthatwhatUse noun clauses to revise the following letter written by Xie Lei.
