1、Unit 10Ive had this bike for three years.Do you know?1a Look at the things at the yard sale.Do you have any of these things at home?How long have you had them?Language Goal:Talk about possessions and things around you.1b Listen and check()the facts you hear._ Jeffs family is having a yard sale._ Amy
2、 thinks its hard to sell her old things._ Jeff has had his bike for more than 10 years._ Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories._ You can also give old things away to people in need.Amy：You have some great things at this yard sale,Jeff.Jeff：Thanks,Amy.Our family has
3、collected so many things over the years,but we dont use them anymore.Amy:But isnt it hard to sell some of your things?There are many things Ive had since I was a child.I dont think I could sell them.Jeff:Yes,its hard to say goodbye to certain things.Amy:By the way,how long have you had that bike ove
4、r there?Tape scriptsJeff:Ive had it for three years!I learned how to ride a bike on it.Amy:Old things really bring back sweet memories.But its true that we may never use some of these things again.Jeff:Yes,like old toys or books youve already read.You can sell those,or you can also give them away to
5、 kids or people who need them.Amy:Oh!How much is this book?Jeff：You can have it for 75 cents.1c Practice the conversation.Then make conversations about other things in the picture above.A:This is a really old book.B:Yes,Ive had it for seven years.Ive read it three times.A:Why are you selling it?B:Be
6、cause I dont read it anymore.A:How much is it?B:You can have it for 75 cents.2a Listen and check()the things Amys family are giving away and circle the things they are keeping.book magazine toy bear toy lion toy tiger bread maker sweater dress hat scarf2b Listen again and fill in the blanks.1.Amy ha
7、s had her favorite _ for three years.2.Amy has had the toy _ since she was a _.3.Amys mom has had the old bread maker for more than _ years,4.Amy can give away the _ and _ because they do not fit her anymore.bookbeara babytensweaterdressMom:Lets look through this box of old things and decide what to
8、 give away.Amy：I think I want to keep this book.Ive had it for three years.Even though Ive already read it twice,its still my favorite book.But we can give away the magazine.Mom:What about these soft toys?Amy:I want to keep the bear because Ive had it since I was a baby.It has special meaning to me
9、because Grandma gave it to me.Tape scripts Ill give away the lion and tiger.Mom:OK.And this old bread maker of mine can go,too.Ive had it for more than 10 years.Aunt Taylor bought a new one for me last week.Amy:Thats great.We can still have homemade bread.And I can give away this sweater and dress,t
10、oo.They dont fit me anymore.But I want to keep the hat and scarf for ice skating.Mom:Great.You can take these things to the childrens home tomorrow then.A:Amy,can we give away these soft toys?B:Mom,I want to keep the bear.A:Why?Its so old.B:Because Ive had it since I was a baby.2c Student A is Amys
11、mom.Student B is Amy.Make conversations.2d Role-play the conversation.Linda:Welcome to the Sunshine Home for Children.Im Linda.Amy:Hi,Im Amy.I have some things for the kids.Ive had this magazine for a couple of months.The stories inside may be a bit old,but they re still interesting.Linda:Great!Many
12、 children here love reading.Amy:And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids.Ive had them since I was a child.Theres also a sweater and a dress.Linda:Perfect!We always need toys and clothes.Amy:One last thing is a bread maker.My moms had it for a long time but it still works.Linda:
13、Thanks so much!3a Read the article written by a father for a newspaper.What is his family going to sell at the yard sale?My children are growing up fast.My daughter is 16 and my boy is already in junior high school.As they get bigger our house seems to get smaller.So we want to sell some of our thin
14、gs in a yard sale and give the money to a childrens home.We have already cleared out a lot of things from our bedrooms.We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use.My son was quite sad at first.Although he has not played with his old toys for a long time,he still wanted to keep the
15、m.For example,he has owned a train and railway set since his fourth birthday,and he played with it almost every week until he was about seven.And he did not want to lose his toy monkey,either.He slept next to the monkey every night when he was a child.My daughter was more understanding,although she
16、also felt sad to part with certain toys.As for me,I did not want to give up my football shirts,but,to be honest,I have not played for a while now.I am getting older,too!3b Read the article again and answer the questions.1.Why did they decide to have a yard sale?2.What do they want to do with the mon
17、ey from the sale?3.Why does the son want to keep his train and railway set?4.How can the old toys be useful again?5.Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things?What would you do with the money you raise?1.Why did they decide to have a yard sale?2.What do they want to do with t
18、he money from the sale?3.Why does the son want to keep his train and railway set?As their children get bigger their house seems to get smaller.They want to gave the money to a childrens home.Because he has owned the train and railway set since his fourth birthday,and he played with it almost every w
19、eek until he was about seven.4.How can the old toys be useful again?5.Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things?What would you do with the money you raise?They can give away the old toys to people in need or sell them for money.Students answers.3c Find the words or phrases i
20、n the article which can be replaced with the ones below and write them next to the words.lose _ kids _truthful _ many _some time _ even though _ quickly _ older _part withchildrento be honesta lot offor a whilealthoughfastbigger1.Look at the things at the yard sale.yard sale 庭院旧货出售庭院旧货出售这是国外的一种风俗，也是
21、一种独特的售货这是国外的一种风俗，也是一种独特的售货方式。人们利用周末，将家中搁置不用的物方式。人们利用周末，将家中搁置不用的物件放在自家庭院中廉价出售，件放在自家庭院中廉价出售，因而被称作因而被称作yard sale，也可译作也可译作“庭院拍卖会庭院拍卖会”。Language points庭院售卖的物品种类繁多，应有尽有，大到庭院售卖的物品种类繁多，应有尽有，大到家具、电器，小到玩具、衣物和鞋帽。家具、电器，小到玩具、衣物和鞋帽。这些这些物品虽多数为二手家什，但也有全新的物品，物品虽多数为二手家什，但也有全新的物品，且价钱合理公道，甚至还可讨价还价且价钱合理公道，甚至还可讨价还价 正是这正是
22、这种低廉、公道的价格及买家淘宝和碰大运的种低廉、公道的价格及买家淘宝和碰大运的心理，使得心理，使得yard sale广受欢迎，逐渐广受欢迎，逐渐 演变成演变成一种独特的文化现象。一种独特的文化现象。副词副词anymore亦可写作亦可写作any more，常用于否定句的末尾，意思是常用于否定句的末尾，意思是“再（不再（不）；）；(不）再不）再”。not anymore 相当于相当于 not any longer，2.Because I dont read it anymore.因为我不再看它了。因为我不再看它了。例如：例如：You can have it,for I dont need it a
23、nymore.你可以把它拿走，因为我不再需要它了。你可以把它拿走，因为我不再需要它了。The doctor told me not to play computer games anymore.大夫叫我别再玩电脑游戏了。大夫叫我别再玩电脑游戏了。3.Because Ive had it since I was a baby.因为我还是个婴儿的时候就拥有它了。因为我还是个婴儿的时候就拥有它了。since(自从自从）常常引导短语或从句，常常引导短语或从句，用于现在完成时的用于现在完成时的句子中句子中。since引出从句引出从句 时，时，从句中一般使用过去时从句中一般使用过去时。再如：再如：Ive
24、had these soft toys since I was a child.我还是个孩子的时候就有这些毛绒玩具了。我还是个孩子的时候就有这些毛绒玩具了。Since that unfortunate accident last week,I havent been sleeping at all well.自从上自从上 周发生了那次不幸的事故之后，我周发生了那次不幸的事故之后，我一直睡得很不好。一直睡得很不好。4.Ive had this magazine for a couple of months.这本杂志我买这本杂志我买 了了几个月几个月 了。了。1）a couple of 有两种意思
25、：其一，表示有两种意思：其一，表示具体具体的数量的数量“两个两个”，指两个相同的人或物体；，指两个相同的人或物体；其二，表示其二，表示数量不定的数量不定的“少数几个少数几个”，作这，作这种虚指的用法时，具体意思往往视上下文种虚指的用法时，具体意思往往视上下文 和和具体的语境而决定。例如：具体的语境而决定。例如：You have to wait for a couple of hours for the clothes to dry completely.你得等上一你得等上一 两个小时让这些衣服完全干燥。两个小时让这些衣服完全干燥。Look!There are a couple of boys
26、waiting for you at the door.瞧瞧!门门 口有两三个男口有两三个男 孩正在等你。孩正在等你。2）介词介词for也常用在现在完成时的句子中，也常用在现在完成时的句子中，后面引出表示时间的词或短语，说明某后面引出表示时间的词或短语，说明某 种种情况已经持续了一段时间。情况已经持续了一段时间。再如：再如：Jeff has had his bike for more than 10 years.杰夫已经拥有他的自行车超过杰夫已经拥有他的自行车超过10年年了。了。5.We have decided to each sell five things that we no long
27、er use.我们决定每人出我们决定每人出 售五件不再使用的物品。售五件不再使用的物品。(1)此句中此句中we no longer use是由是由that引导的定引导的定 语从句，修饰前面的名词语从句，修饰前面的名词five things。(2)句中句中no longer的意思是的意思是“不再；不复不再；不复”，有时可用有时可用not.any longer或或not.anymore替换。再如：替换。再如：He no longer lives here.(=He doesnt live here anymore/any longer.)他不再住这他不再住这 儿了。儿了。3)each在句中对在句中
28、对we进行限定，表示进行限定，表示“(两个或两个或 两个以上的人或物中两个以上的人或物中）各自；每个各自；每个”。再如：再如：My sister and I each have an English-Chinese dictionary.我和姐姐各有一本英汉词典。我和姐姐各有一本英汉词典。to be honest是英语口语中是英语口语中一一个常用表达，表示个常用表达，表示“说实话；老实说说实话；老实说”。英语中类似的英语中类似的 表达还有：表达还有：to be frank,意思是意思是“坦率地说坦率地说”。例如：。例如：To be honest,I dont like him very muc
29、h.老实说，我不太喜欢他。老实说，我不太喜欢他。To be perfectly frank,I think thats a crazy idea.坦白相告，我认为那是个荒坦白相告，我认为那是个荒唐唐的主意的主意。6.but,to be honest,I have not played for a while now.但是但是,说实说实在在的的,现在我已经有一段时现在我已经有一段时间间没玩没玩了。了。1.Ive already had dinner.2.He has just finished his homework.3.Mums cooked the dinner.4.Susans lear
30、ned English at school.Have you already had dinner?Has he just finished his homework?Has mum cooked the dinner?Has Susan learned English at school?一一 把下列句子改为一般疑问句。把下列句子改为一般疑问句。二二 选用选用forfor和和sincesince填空填空:1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.2.His father has been in the factory _ 10 years ago.3
31、.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years.6.Its five years _ we met last timeforsinceforsinceforsince三三 动词填空：动词填空：1._ you _(clean)the room?Yes,we _(do)that already.When _ you _(do)it?We _(do)it an hour ago.2._ h
32、e _(see)this film yet?Yes.When _ he _(see)it?He _ it last week.3.How many times _you _(come)here?Once.Havecleanedhave donediddodidHasseendidseesawhavecome4.I _(read)the novel twice.Its interesting.5.She _(go)to Pairs,hasnt she?Yes.How _ she _(go)there?She _(go)there by air.6.So far,many countries _(
33、develop)their software programs.7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last year.8._ you ever _(ride)a horse?Never.9.He _(keep)the book since two days ago.have readhas gonedidgowenthave developedgaveHaveriddenhas keptHomework Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things?What would you do
34、with the money you raise?Discuss with your classmates.Unit 10Ive had this bike for three years.现在完成时：现在完成时：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到现在的成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态。动作或保存的状态。结构：结构：主语主语+have/has+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词一般疑问句一般疑问句：have/has?Yes,I have.No,I havent.Yes,she has.No
35、,she hasnt.1.现在完成时动词构成现在完成时动词构成have/has+v 过去分词过去分词助动词助动词否定否定haventhasnt疑问疑问Have you?Has he?常与下列时间状语连用：常与下列时间状语连用：just,already,yet,ever,never,before,several times1.过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。和和already，never,ever,just,before,yet等状语连等状语连用。用。2.过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，常与常与for或或si
36、nce引起的一段时间状语连用。引起的一段时间状语连用。动词构成：动词构成：have/has+v过去分词过去分词have breakfastI have just had my breakfast.(现在我不饿现在我不饿)Im not hungry nowmoved herein 2004I still live hereI have lived here for three years.I have lived here since 2004/three years ago.nowpast2.现在完成时动词可以表示开始于过去持续现在完成时动词可以表示开始于过去持续 到现在到现在(也许还会继续进
37、行下去也许还会继续进行下去)的动作或状态。的动作或状态。1)I have studied English since last year.我从去年开始学习英语。我从去年开始学习英语。2)She has lived in Beijing for five years.她住在北京已经五年了。她住在北京已经五年了。注意注意:come,go,leave,arrive,buy,lose,receive,join,die,bury 和和marry 等动词所表示的动作是等动词所表示的动作是一时的一时的,不能延续的不能延续的,故不能与故不能与for,since 等开头的表示一段时间的状语连用。不过等开头的表示
38、一段时间的状语连用。不过,这些这些词用于否定句则可以与表示持续的时间状语连用，词用于否定句则可以与表示持续的时间状语连用，即动作的不发生是可以持续的。即动作的不发生是可以持续的。3.现在完成时把过去的动作和现在的结果联系起来，现在完成时把过去的动作和现在的结果联系起来，一般过去时只限于表示过去的动作本身一般过去时只限于表示过去的动作本身,与现在与现在 的结果无关。的结果无关。现在完成时与一般过去时在意义上现在完成时与一般过去时在意义上 的区别举例如下：的区别举例如下：I have cleaned my room.(My room is clean now.)我已经打扫过我的房间了。我已经打扫过
39、我的房间了。I cleaned my room last week.(I did it in the past.)我上周打扫了我的房间。我上周打扫了我的房间。Father has gone to Amoy.(He went to Amoy and he is not here now.)爸爸已经去厦门了。爸爸已经去厦门了。They have bought a dictionary.(They bought a dictionary and they have it now.)他们买了一本字典。他们买了一本字典。注意注意:现在完成时不能和明确指出时间的状语现在完成时不能和明确指出时间的状语(如如
40、:yesterday,last,year,in 1976,two days ago,just now,when she came in 等等)连用连用，但可以和不明确指出时间的状语但可以和不明确指出时间的状语(如如:already,yet,ever,never,sometimes,always,often,before,once,twice,recently,lately等等)连用连用；也可以和表示包括现在在内的时间状语也可以和表示包括现在在内的时间状语(如：如：today,this morning,this week,this year等等)连用连用。(1).for+表示表示一段一段时间的短
41、语时间的短语 (2).since+表示表示过去时间点过去时间点的词语的词语 (3).since+表示过去时间的时间状语表示过去时间的时间状语从句从句eg.I have been a teacher _ a year.He has been at this school _ 1992.We have learned 1,000 English words _ we came to this school.forsincesince现在完成时句中常见的时间状语现在完成时句中常见的时间状语A.表示从过去一直持续到现在表示从过去一直持续到现在,不能是具体不能是具体 的过去时间。的过去时间。everju
42、stalreadyyete.g.Have you _been to Japan?I have _ finished my homework.I have finished my homework _.I havent finished my homework _.B.just,already,yet,before/ever,never有此有此类副词时类副词时,常强调动作完成常强调动作完成,不强调动作的持续不强调动作的持续.already“已经已经”;yet “仍然仍然,还还”这两个副词常常用于完成时态这两个副词常常用于完成时态,其中其中already 常用于肯定句常用于肯定句,yet常用于否定
43、句和疑问句中。常用于否定句和疑问句中。如如:Jim has already finished his work.Jim已经把他的工作做完了。已经把他的工作做完了。Mother hasnt come home yet.妈妈还没回来。妈妈还没回来。Havent you read The Call of the Wild yet?你还没读过你还没读过野性的呼唤野性的呼唤吗？吗？现在完成时：现在完成时：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态，强调的是现在的情续到现在的
44、动作或保存的状态，强调的是现在的情况，况，不能和表示过去的时间状语连用（如：不能和表示过去的时间状语连用（如：in 1990in 1990，last Sunday last Sunday 等）。等）。一般过去时：一般过去时：一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生关系（即动作或状态在现在已经态，和现在不发生关系（即动作或状态在现在已经结束），它可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。结束），它可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。现在完成时现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：与一般过去时的区别：have/has+V过去分词过去分词现在完成时表示过去发生或完成的某一动作现在完成时表示
45、过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。对现在造成的影响或结果。如：如：Have you read that story？你读过那个故你读过那个故事吗？（事吗？（“读读”这一动作发生在过去，对现这一动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是：是否知道故事的内容。）在造成的影响是：是否知道故事的内容。）I have bought two apples 我买了两个苹果。我买了两个苹果。（“买买”这一动作发生在过去，对现在造成这一动作发生在过去，对现在造成的结果是：拥有两个苹果。）的结果是：拥有两个苹果。）4.在现在完成时中在现在完成时中 ever,never,just,already,yet在用法
46、和意思上有什么区别？在用法和意思上有什么区别？在学习这一概念的同时，还应注意常与现在完在学习这一概念的同时，还应注意常与现在完成时连用的几个副词：成时连用的几个副词：already,just,ever,yet,never等。等。already,just多用于肯定句中多用于肯定句中，ever,yet,never多用于疑问句和否定句中。多用于疑问句和否定句中。如：如：I have already finished my homework 我已经做完家庭作业了。我已经做完家庭作业了。He has just had his meal他刚吃过饭。他刚吃过饭。Have you ever sung this
47、 English song？你曾唱过这首英文歌吗？你曾唱过这首英文歌吗？They havent started yet.他们还没有身。他们还没有身。We have never heard of it 我们从来没有听说过这件事。我们从来没有听说过这件事。(1).Have(has)been in 意为意为“已经在某地呆了已经在某地呆了多长时间多长时间”，常与，常与表示一段时间的状语表示一段时间的状语连用。连用。Mr.Brown has been in Shanghai for three days.布朗先生来上海已经有三天了。布朗先生来上海已经有三天了。They have been in Cana
48、da for five years.他们到加拿大有五年了。他们到加拿大有五年了。5.have been in,have been to 与与have gone to 的用法的用法 (2).Have(has)been to 意为意为“曾经去过某地曾经去过某地”，表示现在已经不在那里了。可与表示现在已经不在那里了。可与 just,ever,never 等连用。等连用。如：如：Ive just been to the post office.我刚才去邮局了。我刚才去邮局了。Have you ever been to Hangzhou?你曾经去过杭州吗？你曾经去过杭州吗？Mary has never
49、been to the Great Wall.玛丽从未去过长城。玛丽从未去过长城。(3).Have(has)been to 后面可接后面可接次数次数，表示去过某地几次。表示去过某地几次。如：如：Ive been to Beijing three times.我去过北京三次。我去过北京三次。They have been to that village several times.他们去过那个村庄好几次了。他们去过那个村庄好几次了。(4).Have(has)gone to 意为意为“到某地去了到某地去了”，表示，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话
50、时该人不在现场，一般不在现场，一般不用第一、二人称代词作主语。不用第一、二人称代词作主语。如如:Where is Tom?汤姆在哪里？汤姆在哪里？He has gone to the bookshop.他到书店去了。他到书店去了。例如：例如：He has gone to Hong Kong.他到香港去了。他到香港去了。(他已前往香港他已前往香港,或在途中或在途中,或已到达。说话人暗示他现在不在现场或已到达。说话人暗示他现在不在现场)He has been to Hong Kong.他曾到过香港。他曾到过香港。(说话人认为他过去到过香港说话人认为他过去到过香港,现在已不在该地。现在已不在该地。言
