1、课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动Festivals around the worldUnit 1课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动第二课时第二课时Learning about LanguageUnit 1情态动词(情态动词()课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动课堂要点探究课堂要点探究2课堂达标验收课堂达标验收3课后强化作业课后强化作业4课前新知预习课前新知预习1课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动课前新知预习课前新知预习课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动根据句意观察思考下列各句中情态动词的意义。Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather,planting in
2、spring and harvest in autumn.(指“_”)At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find,especially during the cold winter months.(指“_”)课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors,who might return either to help or to do harm.(表示“_”)They also light lam
3、ps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth.(表示“_”)Festivals can also be held to honour famous people.(表示“_”)课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events.(表示“理论上或习惯上的_”)At the Spring Festival in China,people eat dumplings,fish and m
4、eat and may give children lucky money in red paper.(表示“_”)答案:过去常常过去将要猜测将要做允许可能性许可课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动课堂要点探究课堂要点探究课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动一、情态动词的定义情态动词表示说话人的某种感情或语气,对某一动作或状态的某种态度,表示“需要”“可以”“应该”等意义。情态动词有以下特征:1不能单独作谓语,除ought to和used to以外,后面只能接不带to的不定式。2没有人称和数的变化。但有些情态动词,如:can,will,dare有一般现在时和过去时的变化。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动3情态动词的“时态”形
5、式并不是区分时间的主要标志,很多情况下,情态动词的现在时形式和过去时形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间或将来时间。二、情态动词的基本用法(一)can与could的用法1表示能力(could是过去式)。The clever student can solve such difficult problems in a short time.这位聪明的学生能够在很短的时间内解决这样难的问题。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动When she was 8 years old,she could play the piano very well.当她八岁时,她能很好地弹钢琴。2表示猜测“可能”,一般用于疑问句和否
6、定句(could是过去式)。Can the lady over there be our boss?在那儿的那位女士可能是我们的老板吗?It cant be her.I saw her in the office just now.不可能是她。我刚刚在办公室里看到她了。My glasses arent here.Where can I have put them?我的眼镜不在这里。我可能把它们放哪儿呢?课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动3表示请求允许或允许,常用于第一人称或第二人称。Can/Could I use your mobile phone?(请求允许)我可以用一下你的手机吗?Of course
7、,you can.(表示允许)当然可以。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动名师点拨(1)在请求允许时,与can相比could语气更为委婉,没有时态、意义上的区别。(2)表示允许某人做某事时,用can而不用could。(3)can表示惊异、怀疑或不相信的态度,主要用于疑问句或否定句。How can you be so rude?你怎么能这么粗鲁?课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动易混辨析After many yearshard work,he was able to achieve his goal.数年的努力之后,他(能够)实现了自己的目标。时态内涵can只有现在时和过去时指自身具有的能力be able to有更
8、多的时态变化,可用于将来时,完成时和非谓语动词中表示经过一段时间的努力后所具有的能力,相当于manage to do或succeed in doing课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动巧学助记口诀记忆can/couldcan表能力和可以,否定、疑问(在否定句及疑问句中)表猜疑。could为can的过去式,语气比can更客气。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动(二)may与might的用法1表示允许、许可。might在语气上比may更委婉。以may/might开头的问句在否定回答中要用mustnt。如:You may keep the book for 2 weeks.这本书你可以看两周。May I use you
9、r telephone?我可以用你的电话吗?Yes,you may./No,you mustnt.是的,可以。/不,不可以。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动2表示把握不大的推测,意为“可能”,用于肯定句。might语气更加不肯定,指现在或将来,只有在宾语从句中might do(be)才表示过去的可能性。如:I think he may come today(tomorrow)我认为今天(明天)他可能会来。I thought you might like something to read,so I bought some books for you.我想你可能喜欢读点东西,因此我给你买了些书。课堂讲练
10、互动课堂讲练互动3may用于祈使句表示祝愿。如:May you have a good journey!祝你旅行愉快!May you succeed!祝你成功!课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动(三)will与would的用法1表示意志、意愿。用于各种人称,will指现在,would指过去。如:I will tell you all about it.我乐意告诉你一切。She said that she would buy a car.她说她会买一辆汽车。2表示请求、建议。用于第二人称的疑问句,would表示更委婉的语气。如:Would you mind opening the window for m
11、e?请你为我打开窗户好吗?课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动3表示习惯性的动作,意思是“总是,习惯于”。will指现在,would指过去。如:Fish will die without water.鱼离开水总是要死的。She would sit there for hours watching ships.她过去总是坐在那里几个钟头看船。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动易混辨析would表示“过去常常”,但仅表示过去的习惯性动作(不表示状态),现在有可能还如此,也可能不再那样used to表示“过去常常”,既表示过去的动作也表示过去的状态,不过现在不再做或不再有那种状态了课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动(四)shall
12、与should的用法1shall的用法。陈述句的第二、三人称表示允许、警告、命令、决心、威胁等疑问句的第一、三人称表示征求对方意见陈述句的第一人称表示将来课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动You shall have my answer tomorrow.(第二人称陈述句,表示允许)你明天可以得到我的答复。He shall be punished.(第三人称陈述句,表示警告)他应受到惩罚。Shall we go to the theatre this evening?(疑问句,表示征求对方意见)我们今晚去看戏好吗?I shall go to London next month.(表示将来)下个月我将去伦
13、敦。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动2should的用法表示劝告或建议,作“应该”讲。As a student,you should listen to your teachers.作为一名学生,你应该听老师的话。用于推测,意为“可能;按理说应该”。If the train is on time,she should arrive in Beijing by seven.如果火车准点的话,她应该7点到达北京。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动(五)must的用法1表示“必须”,语气比should,ought to强烈。其否定形式为mustnt(不准,禁止)。You must practise your spok
14、en English if you want to improve.如果你想提高,就必须练习英语口语。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动名师点拨以must开头的一般疑问句的肯定回答中要用must,否定回答中要用neednt/dont have to。Must we hand in our exercises today?我们必须今天交作业吗?Yes,you must./No,you neednt.是的,必须交。/不,不必交。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动2表示有把握的肯定推测,只能用在肯定句中,意思是“一定,准是”。She must be tired after such a long walk.走了这么长的
15、路,她一定累了。You must be joking.你一定是在开玩笑吧。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动3有时must表示“偏要;硬要;偏偏”,指做令人不快的事情。例如:Must you shout so loudly?你非要这么大声嚷嚷吗?If you must smoke,at least you could use an ashtray.如果你一定要吸烟,起码可以用一个烟灰缸吧。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动课堂达标验收课堂达标验收课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动.单项填空1The door _ open,no matter how hard she pushed.AshouldntBcouldntCwou
16、ldntDmightnt答案:C句意:无论她怎样用力推,这扇门就是不开。wouldnt“不肯;不愿意”符合句意。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动2Theres no light onthey _ be at home.Acant BmustntCneedntDshouldnt答案:A句意:屋里没有亮灯他们不可能在家。can表示实际的可能性时,常用于否定句和疑问句中,用于否定句时,意为“不可能”;should表推测时常表示“合乎理想的事或结果”;mustnt表“禁止”;neednt表“不必”。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动3(2014兰州高一检测)Must he come to sign this paper
17、 himself?Yes,he _.Aneed BmustCmayDwill答案:B句意:他必须过来亲自签署这份文件吗?是的,必须。must可以表“推测”或“必须”,当表示“必须”时,简单答语也必须用must。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动4Isnt that your teacher over there?No,it _ be him.Im sure he doesnt wear glasses.Acant Bmust notCwont Dmay not答案:Acant表示不可能;must not表示禁止;wont表示不愿或不会;may not表示可能不。根据语境及答语中的“Im sure”,表示
18、答话人肯定那不是他老师。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动5When we worked in the same office,we _ often have coffee together.AmightBshouldCcouldDwould答案:D句意:当我们在同一个办公室工作的时候,我们经常一起喝咖啡。would在此表过去习惯性的动作。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动6A computer _ think for itself;it must be told what to do.Acant BcouldntCmay notDmight not答案:Acan可以表示一种客观上的能力,本句cant表示“不能,
19、不会”。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动7It _ be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you hnow a lot of words.Amay BcouldntCshouldDneednt答案:B由原因状语从句可知,此处为对可能性的推测,couldt表示“不可能”。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动8You _ be tiredyouve only been working for an hour.Amust notBwontCcant Dmay not答案:C根据题意,这里表示“不可能”。must表推测时
20、,常用于肯定句中,不用于否定句和疑问句中。否定句、疑问句中常用can,另外,may not表示“可能不”的意思。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动9(2014沈阳高一检测)Advertisements are powerful and some companies try to mislead us,so we _ be careful when reading them.AcanBmayCmust Dwould答案:C句意:广告的影响是非常大的,而一些公司努力利用广告误导我们,因此我们在看广告时,一定要仔细。must“一定,必须”,符合题意。can“能够,可以”;may“可能,能够”;would“愿意
21、,会”。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动10Can I pay the bill by check?Sorry,sir.But it is the management rules of our hotel that payment _ be made in cash.Aneed BwillCshall Dcan答案:C考查情态动词。此题中的the management rules决定答案选C。因为表根据书面规定、法律条文及合同的要求必须干某事用shall。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动11(2012全国,17)Im going to Europe on vacation together with Joh
22、n if I _find the money.Acan Bmight CwouldDneed答案:A本题考查情态动词。句意:如果我能弄到钱,我就和约翰一起去欧洲度假。can能够,表示能力;might可能;would将要;need需要。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动12To stop the plant from exploding is challenging and demanding.Who do you think can do the job?_ the brave workers have a try?AShall BMustCWillDMay答案:Ashall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中,
23、表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动13When winter comes,_ spring be far behind?Amust BshouldCwouldDcan答案:Dmust表示推测,用于肯定的陈述句中,表示有一定事实根据的推测,意为“一定,肯定”;should表示根据常理、常规或对一般情况的推测,意为“应该会”;would为will的过去式,表示过去将来时。can表示逻辑上、理论上的可能性。句意:冬天来了,春天还会远吗?为理论上的推测,应选D。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动14Could I borrow your dictionary?Yes,of cours
24、e you _.AmightBwillCcanDshould答案:C原题中的could不是过去式,而是表示委婉、客气的礼貌用语。因此用could提问时,用can回答。同样用would,might提问,用will和may回答。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动15(2014淮北一中高一期末)Mum,would you please buy me an iPad?If you can help do the dishes the whole vacation,you _ have one as a reward.AwouldBshallCmayDmust答案:B句意:妈妈,给我买个iPad好吗?如果你能够在
25、整个假期中帮助我洗盘子的话,你就会得到一个作为回报。shall 常用于第二、三人称主语后面表示说话人的允诺。故B正确。课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动.在括号内填入恰当的情态动词1Youve been working all day.You _ be very tired.2(The doorbell rings.)I wonder who that is.It _ be Lisa.Shes still in the library at this time.3It is a long time since we met last time.You _ come and see us more oft
26、en.4I havent decided where Im going for my holidays.I _ go to Australia.课堂讲练互动课堂讲练互动5Who was the man talking with your teacher?Im not sure.It _ be her brother.6When he was there,he _ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.7You _ play the piano while the baby is sleeping.8Tom,please lend me a hand.My drawer _ not open.答案:1.must2.cant3.should4.may/might5.might6would7.mustnt8.will