1、中考英语完形填空解中考英语完形填空解题技巧及例题解析题技巧及例题解析根据完形填空的试题特点,我们可以采取以下几种方法:1.1.论证法论证法:根据上下文的意思,运用所学的词汇和语法知识,从句子结构和意义上进行分析,并判断所选词语是否正确。2.2.推理法推理法:根据考生对整篇短文的理解,对文章的主题,情节的发展做出合理的推断。3.3.上下文搜索法上下文搜索法:完形填空给出的是都是整篇的文章,文章本身就是前后一致的。我们可能从上下文中找到提示或发现答案。4.4.排除法:排除法:在无法确定答案的时候,我们可以采取排除法,逐一验证四个选项,以将错误答案一一排除后得出正确答案。解题步骤要做好完形填空题,可
2、依据以下四个步骤进行:1.通读全文通读全文 掌握大意。掌握大意。由于完形填空是一个整篇的文章,因此千万不要看一个空选择一个空。在答题之前要快速地将文章通读一遍,了解文章的大意。完形填空的第一句一般是不留空的,并且第一句话很关键。它往往是文章的主题句,所以我们要加以重视。另外在快速阅读时应抓住文章的关键句,比如文章的第一句,段落的第一句和最后一句等。它们往往是全文或全段的主题句,通过它们可以知道文章的题材,大意,时间,人物,事件等。例如考题中的完形填空的第一句话是:Mr Green was ill and went to the hospital.通过这句话我们可知这是一篇记叙文,主人公是Mr
3、Green,主要内容是到医院看病。外在阅读中要对其中的时间词,动词要加以注意。2.精读试填。精读试填。依据文章的主干,运用所学的词汇和语法知识,根据上下文的关系,加上初读的印象和正确的英语语感,运用前面介绍的解题方法,将答案初步确定。这是解题的重要步骤,要细心分析,严密论证。在解题过程中,不少考生答题时只看有空白的部分,这种离开上下文,单独地看一个句子,答案可能是正确的,但结合整篇文章来看,内容确是错误的。因此就要求考生要前后兼顾,上下统筹。最终才能得出正确答案。The Thais(44)_ to eat with their hands and now there are still som
4、e people who eat this wayA.went B.had C.wanted D.used 这句话如果只看空格,四个选项分别是短语:go to do,have to do,want to do,used to do,但结合后半句and now there are still some people who eat this way,可知答案应该是D。3.复读核定复读核定。当第二步完成以后,应该将短文重新再读一遍,并要多方位地检查所选的答案,看看将所选答案填入后,文章是否连贯。在这一环节里,要特别注意平时易错的地方,并对名词的单复数,动词的时态和语态,形容词和副词的比较等级,代词
5、的用法等加以注意,以避免出现因疏忽丢分的现象。4.再读全文,局部调整。再读全文,局部调整。答案确定以后,我们最后将全文再读一遍,这时我们要着眼于全篇。对在阅读中发现的个别问题要进行局部调整,在更换答案时既要遵循语法规则,又要兼顾全篇。试题范例 (1)In some parts of the world there are large deserts.There are no trees and(1)_ water there.Travelers must take food and(2)_ with them.The(3)_ animal that can walk through the d
6、esert is the camel.(4)_ can go without food and water for a long time.And besides he can carry heavy loads.People call the(5)_“the ship of the desert”.The camel is very big.He has one or two humps(驼峰)on his back,short ears and a long(6)_.The camels humps hold fat,and his stomach holds water in twelv
7、e deep pockets.(7)_ pocket has a mouth which closes,and the food does not mix the water.When the camel(8)_ some water,he can get it out of the(9)_.The camels food is(10)_ and leaves of trees.()1.A.no B.any C.not D./()2.A.milk B.water C.meat D.grass()3.A.just B.other C.only D.another ()4.A.He B.They
8、C.She D.It()5.A.camel B.elephant C.cow D.horse ()6.A.mouth B.neck C.leg D.nose()7.A.Either B.Each C.All D.Both ()8.A.was wanting B.wants C.is wanting D.wanted()9.A.nose B.pockets C.mouth D.bags ()10.A.grass B.meat C.bread D.cake题解与分析:这是一篇说明文,文章介绍了沙漠之舟骆驼的生理特征和在沙漠中的作用。1.A.并列连词and 连接的两个对等成分,前面是否定的,后面也应
9、是否定的。2.B.根据生活常识和上下文,在沙漠中旅行应该带水。3.C.这句话的意思是:唯一能穿越沙漠的动物是骆驼。other,another 是”其他”的意思,文章并没有谈及其他动物。just 做”仅仅”讲时是副词,不能加名词。only 则是形容词,用来修饰名词。4.A.本文采用拟人的写法,用he代替camel。5.A.本文只介绍了一种动物,那就是骆驼。6.B.骆驼的脖子很长,这是一个基本常识。7.B.both 和either 适用于两者之间,根据twelve deep pockets 可以排除这两个选项。all 用于三者之上,且加复数名词。Each 加上单数名词表示”每个”。8.B.这篇文章
10、都使用了一般现在时态。9.B.根据上文可知pocket 是骆驼的储水器官。10.A.骆驼是食草动物,这是一般的常识。试题范例 (2)从方框中选择适当的词填入短文中,使短文完整通顺,注意有些词要进行变化。Jenny has just got a new computer.She is very(1)_ with it because she can use it to(2)_ E-mails to her friends.This computer was(3)_ by her father at home.His father is not a computer engineer,(4)_ h
11、e is a computer fan.He(5)_ a lot about computers.He bought different parts of a computer(6)_ and then put them(7)_ to make a computer.“The home-made computers cost much(8)_ than the(9)_ which are(10)_ in computer shops,“said Jennys father.sell,little,pleased,make,one,send,home,together,know,but这是一篇记
12、叙文,文章介绍的是Jenny 的父亲是一个电脑迷,他自己买来零部件在家里组装了一台电脑。并且Jenny 对这台电脑很满意。1.pleased,这是一个固定短语,be pleased with 意思是“对感到满意”。2.send,有了电脑之后,Jenny 可以通过它给朋友们发邮件(send E-mail)了。3.made,这里是一句被动语态,这台电脑是由她父亲在家里组装成的。4.but,由上句“His father is not a computer engineer”和下句“he is a computer fan”可知一个表示转折含义的词。5.knows,由上句“he is a comput
13、er fan”可知他对电脑了解很多,这是主语为单数第三人称形式的一般现在时态。6.home,Jenny 的父亲是将零部件买回家在家里组装的电脑。7.together,puttogether 的意思是“把放在一起”,在这里则表示”组装”。8.less,组装电脑比商店里出售的电脑便宜,由后面的than还知道这句话中的副词应用比较级。9.ones,这是一个替代词,它与前面的“the home-made computers”相对应,因此应该使用复数形式。10.sold,这也是一句被动语态,商店的电脑是被出售的。实际操练:Do you have a beautiful dream?I know almo
14、st everyone 1 their own dreams in their life.The dreams are very important 2 them.The dreams can make them 3 harder.I am studying in a school now.My dream is 4 a teacher in West China.Many Children there want to go to school 5 they cant.Their families are very poor and the parents have 6 enough mone
15、y to send their children to school.But going to school and studying is the only 7 to change their life.Teachers are greatly needed there,so I want to be a teacher to help them.I 8 kind to my students and make friends with themI will give them love and teach 9 how to be a useful person.I think it is
16、a great 10 in the world.()1.A.has B.have C.is D.are()2.A.at B.to C.in D.with()3.A.to work B.to study C.work D.working()4.A.be B.to make C.to do D.to be()5.A.and B.but C.or D.so()6.A.not B.much C.many D.any()7.A.way B.greater C.the greater D.the greatest()8.A.am B.will be C.was D.am going to()9.A.they B.their C.them D.theirs()10.A.room B.book C.school D.jobABCDBAABCD