1、定语从句定语从句 目录定语从句的三要素关系代词的用法定语从句的概念关系副词的用法01 BUSINESS SECTIONWe have many PowerPoint templates that has been specifically designed to help anyone that is stepping into the world of PowerPoint for the very first time.02 BUSINESS SECTIOWe have many PowerPoint templates that has been specifically designe
2、d to help anyone that is stepping into the world of PowerPoint for the very first time.定语：只要在文中听到“.的”+名词，“的”就是修饰这个名词或短语的定语。Mr.Smithisafamouswriter.Lilyisasmartgirl.bluesky,redapple,blacktea,whitewall定语从句的概念定语从句的概念01 BUSINESS SECTIONWe have many PowerPoint templates that has been specifically designe
3、d to help anyone that is stepping into the world of PowerPoint for the very first time.02 BUSINESS SECTIOWe have many PowerPoint templates that has been specifically designed to help anyone that is stepping into the world of PowerPoint for the very first time.定语从句：由一个句子来充当定语的句子称为定语从句。定语从句。Thereisala
4、dywhowantstoseeyou.ThisisthemoviethatIlikemost.Thatisthegirlwhosefatherisafireman.一.宾语从句的定义二.定语从句的三要素先行词定语从句三要素三要素关系词（引导词）（关系代词和关系副词）定语从句定语从句的三要素1.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。指人的先行词指物的先行词定语从句三要素2.关系词（引导词）：引导定语从句的词。(1)关系代词：that,which,who,whom,whose,as(2)关系副词：where,when和why定语从句三要素3.定语从句：用来做定
5、语，修饰限定先行词的句子定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子定语从句的构成：先行词定语从句的构成：先行词+引导词引导词+从句从句定语从句的分类1.限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去。例如：Heisateacherwhoworksatourschool.定语从句的分类2.非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用，行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开，如省去，意思完整。例如：Beijing,whichisthecapitalofChina,isabeautifulcitywithalonghistory.注意：非限定性定语从句中不能使用关系代
6、词that。定语从句三要素u怎么识别定语从句？主句完整，主句中有名词或者代词被从句修饰定语从句先行词关系词定语从句 从句部分其中，先行词可以是句子的主语或者宾语。识别下列句子的先行词、关系词和定语从句。1.Sheisthesingerthat/whomImetlastweek。2.IstillrememberthenightwhenIfirstcametothevillage.3.Hethatwouldeatthefruitmustclimbthetree.4.ThisistheplacewhereChairmanMaooncelived.5.Thecarswhichareproducedin
7、Hubeiprovincesellverywell.即学即用即学即用关系代词关系代词关系代词关系代词先行词先行词在从句中充当成分在从句中充当成分that人、物主、宾、表which物主、宾、表、定who人主、宾whom人宾whose人、物定u what 不能引导定语从句不能引导定语从句关系代词的用法1.thatthat既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语可省略。Marylikesmusic|thatisquietandgentle.（that作主语）Thecoat|（that）Iputonthedeskisblue.（that作put的宾语）关系代词的用法2.w
8、hichwhich用于指物，在句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语可省略。例如：Ourteamwonthematch,whichmadeusveryhappy.Thefilm（which）wesawlastnightwaswonderful.which作宾语which作主语 先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。关系代词的用法3.who、whomwho，whom用于指人，who用作主语和宾语，whom用作宾语。例如：ThegirlwhooftenhelpsmeisfromKunming.Whoistheboy（whom）LiMingistalkingto？who作主语whom作宾语关系代词的用法3
9、.who、whomwho，whom用于指人，who用作主语和宾语，whom用作宾语。例如：ThegirlwhooftenhelpsmeisfromKunming.Whoistheboy（whom）LiMingistalkingto？who作主语whom作宾语1.Doyouknowtheman_Ispoketo?A.whoB.whichC.whyD.where2.Thegirl_issinginganEnglishsonginthenextroomisTomssister.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.whereKEYS:AC即学即练即学即练1.Iwanttousethesamedic
10、tionary_wasusedyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.as2.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons_theyrememberedintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.whatKEYS:AB即学即练即学即练关系代词的用法4.whosewhose表示“的”，可指人，也可指物，在句中作定语。Heisaman|whoseopinionIrespect.Thisisthehouse|whosewallwaspainted.1.Heistheboy_motherisanewteacher.A.whoB.whose
11、C.whichD.that2.Thebook_coverisredbelongstoTom.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.who3.Isthereanyoneinyourclass_familyisinthecountry?A.whoB.whosC.whichD.whoseKEYS:BCD即学即练即学即练关系代词的用法5.as引导限制性定语从句时，指与先行词相似的人或物，必须用于such/so.as.或thesame.as.结构中，例如：Suchpeopleaswerementionedbyhimwerehonest.ThisisthesamebagasIlostyesterda
12、y.关系代词的用法5.as引导非限制性定语从句时，只能修饰句子，可置于被修饰句子后面、前面或主谓之间,翻译成“正如.那样”例如：Theearthmovesaroundthesun,asweallknow.关系代词的用法which和as都能引导非限定性定语从句，那它们有什么区别呢？关系代词的用法观察下列句子，总结一下吧！（观察位置）Hehaspassedthedrivingtest,whichsurprisesallofus.Theearthmovesaroundthesun,asweallknow.Asweallknow,theearthmovesaroundthesun.Theearth,a
13、sweallknow,movesaroundthesun关系代词的用法区别：1.which引导的从句不能放在主句前，而as引导的从句则既可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后，还可以放在主谓之间。关系代词的用法观察下列句子，总结一下吧！(观察句意)Theearthmovesaroundthesun,as we all know.Hehaspassedthedrivingtest,which surprisesallofus.关系代词的用法区别：2.as和which都可以指代一个句子，但as有“正如”、“就像”之意，which则没有此含义。关系代词的用法观察下列句子，总结一下吧！(观察先行词)Heha
14、spassedthedrivingtest,whichsurprisesallofus.Thisisthebookwhichhegaveme.Theearthmovesaroundthesun,asweallknow.关系代词的用法区别：3.as引导的非限定定语从句只能修饰句子，which引导的非限定性定语从句可以修饰句子，也可以修饰名词。关系代词的特殊用法1）行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用关系代词who。只用that
15、，不用which关系代词的特殊用法2）当先行词是不定代词或有不定代词修饰时。例如：all，any，much，many，everything，anything，none，theone等，只能用that，而不用which.例如：Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintheshop？当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用关系代词who。关系代词的特殊用法3）先行词被theonly，thevery，thesame，thelast，little，few等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which。例如：ThisisthesamebikethatIlost.注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可
16、以用关系代词who。例如：WangHuaistheonlypersonwhowilljointheteam.关系代词的特殊用法4)先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that.例如：IcanrememberthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIsawintheroom.关系代词的特殊用法5)以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：Whoisthegirlthatiscrying？关系代词的特殊用法6）主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如：There is a book on the desk tha
17、t belongs to Tom.关系代词的特殊用法7）有两个定语从句中，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个宜用that.Theybuiltupasmallfactorywhichproducedthingsthatcouldcausepollution.关系代词的特殊用法8)当先行词有such或thesame修饰，先行词和关系代词同指一物，用that。Sheiswearingthesamedressthatsheworeyesterday.关系代词的特殊用法9)当先行词是集体名词时，用that.Hewanttojointheteamthatwonthegame.关系代词的特殊用法9)当先
18、行词是集体名词时，用that.Hewanttojointheteamthatwonthegame.关系代词的特殊用法1)先行词为that，those时，用which,而不用that.例如：Whatsthatwhichisunderthedesk？只用which，不用that2)关系代词前有介词时，用which，而不用that.例如：Thisistheroominwhichhelives.只用which，不用that2)关系代词前有介词时，用which，而不用that.例如：Thisistheroominwhichhelives.只用which，不用that3)引导非限制性定语从句，用which
19、，而不用that.例如：Tomcameback，whichmadeushappy.只用which，不用that4)先行词后有插入语时，用which。HereistheEnglishgrammarbookwhich,asIvetoldyou,willhelpimproveyourEnglish.只用which，不用that1.当先行词为people和those时，只能用who。如：Thosewhowanttogotherecomehereplease.用who，不用that的情况2.当先行词为one,ones,anyone,everyone,none,all(指人)时，只能用who。如：Anyo
20、newhoisagainstusisourenemy.用who，不用that的情况3.先行词指人，而关系代词在从句中作主语时，一般多用who。如：Themanwhocamehereyesterdaysaidhewouldcomeagaininafewdays.用who，不用that的情况关系副词关系副词关系代词关系代词先行词先行词when时间where地点why原因关系副词的用法1.whenwhen指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例如：Thiswasthetimewhenhearrived.（when=onwhich）关系副词的用法2.wherewhere指地点，其先行词表示地点，
21、在句中作地点状语。例如：Thisistheplacewhereheworks.（where=inwhich）关系副词的用法3.whywhy指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例如：Nobodyknowsthereasonwhyheisoftenlateforschool.(why=forwhich)特殊的先行词(1)way在定语从句中做状语时的三种引导方式that/inwhich/不填.特殊的先行词比较：Thewayinwhich/that/不填heexplainsthesentencetousisquitesimple.Thewaywhich/that/不填hetoldtouswasqu
22、itesimple.way在定语中作tell的宾语特殊的先行词(2)先行词time.time表示“次数”时，用关系代词that引导定语从句.Thisisthefirsttimethatthepresidenthasvisitedthecountry.特殊的先行词 time作“一段时间”讲时，应用关系副词whenThiswasthetimewhentherewerenoradios,notelephonesornoTVsets此时when=duringwhich在.期间思考！思考！当先行词为theday时，引导词必然使用when吗？当先行词为thereason时，引导词必然使用why吗？思考！思
23、考！1.Iwillneverforgettheday_Imeetyou.2.Iwillneverforgettheday_wespent.3.Youdbetterhavesomereason_youarelate.4.Youdbetterhavesomereason_soundsperfect.先行词、引导词在从句中充当的成分先行词、引导词在从句中充当的成分 共同决定引导词的用法。共同决定引导词的用法。whenthat/whichwhythatwhich1.Isthisthefactory_youvisitedtheotherday?A.thatB.whereC.theone2.Doyouknowthereason_Mingwaslateforschool?A.whyB.which.C.that3.Icantforgettheday_wemeetatthelibrary.A.whatB.whenC.thatBAB完完
