1、北大未名湖清华荷塘武大樱花中山康乐园语法体系的构建语法体系的构建Grammar 1 名词名词 n.noun 人或事物人或事物 2 代词代词 pron.pronoun 代替名词、形容词或数词代替名词、形容词或数词3 数词数词 num.numeral 数量或顺序数量或顺序4 动词动词 v.verb 动作或状态动作或状态5 形容词形容词 adj.adjective 名词（人或物）的特征名词（人或物）的特征6 副词副词 adv.adverb 修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句，修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句，表示状态特征或行为表示状态特征或行为7 冠词冠词 art.article 用在名词前，说明名词
2、所指的人和物用在名词前，说明名词所指的人和物8 介词介词 prep.preposition 用在名、代前，表示名词、代词等与其用在名、代前，表示名词、代词等与其 它词的关系它词的关系9 连词连词 conj.conjunction 用来连接词与词、短语与短语用来连接词与词、短语与短语、句与句句与句Members of the sentence主语主语宾语宾语表语表语定语定语状语状语补语补语同位同位语语谓动谓动表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般位于句首。主语主语 SubjectI have a dream.Swimming can make you healthy.Seven is my lucky
3、 number.说明主语的动作，状态或特征。由动词充当，一般位于主语之后。I have a best friend.We always look after each other.动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词或介词之后。I want an apple.We often help him.谓语的一部分，位于系动词之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。redicativeThe news was exciting.What surprised me most is that he speak Chinese so well.He is a teacher.在句中修饰名词或代词的成分。They ar
4、e women workers.China is a great country.修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句的句子成分，状语有时间、地点、方式、原因、目的，条件，让步等。Although he is young,he knows a lot.The box is so heavy that I cant lift it.补语又叫宾语补足语，位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。I always find her happy.I consider Jim a good friend.在名词或代词之后，并列名词或代词对前者加以说明的成分。She hasnt made the decision wh
5、ether she should give up.This is my sister,Lisa.写出划线部分的句子成分。写出划线部分的句子成分。1.Oversleeping will never make your dreams come true.2.The plane will take off soon.3.Difficult times show us who our true friends are.4.The way to be happy is to make others happy.主语主语 谓语谓语宾语宾语表语表语1 1分钟分钟1、主、主+谓谓（S+V）Nobody wen
6、t.Fish can swim.2、主、主+谓谓+宾（宾（S+V+O）I love my country.I believe myself.3、主、主+系系+表表（S+V+P）I am a teacher.The story sounds interesting.系动词有哪些呢？系动词有哪些呢？1）be动词：动词：am;is;are;was;were2）感官类感官类:look;smell;taste;sound;feel3）变化类变化类:turn;go;get;grow;become4）持续持续类类:keep;stay;remain5）表象类：表象类：seem;appear;look4、主、主
7、+谓谓+间宾间宾+直宾（直宾（S+V+IO+DO）Ill write you a letter.He showed me the photo.5、主、主+谓谓+宾宾+宾补（宾补（S+V+O+C）I found the book easy.The sad movie made me cry.1.What is the sentence pattern ofI love English.?A.S+V B.S+V+O C.S+V+P D.S+V+O+OC2.Which part is the VERB of the following sentence“Susan walks to school e
8、very day.”?A.“Susan”B.“walks to”C.“school”D.“every day”Have a try!AB简单句简单句并列句并列句：由并列连词连接连接两个或两个以上的简单句。复合句复合句：名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句。陈述陈述：说明事实或陈述看法。疑问疑问：一般、特殊、选择、反意。祈使祈使：请求建议命令。感叹感叹：说话人的情绪。(2018武威)1.I really like the family photo _ we took on my grandpas 80th birthday.A.whoB.thatC.what D.whose(2021武威)2.Coul
9、d you tell me _?The day after tomorrow.A.when we had the school leavers partyB.when did we have the school leavers partyC.when will we have the school leavers partyD.when we will have the school 完全倒装（Complete Inversion）：主语和谓语完全颠倒过来。部分倒装（Partial Inversion）：助动词、情态动词提到主语前。合成：website;basketball;homework派生：前后缀 agree-disagree use-useful转化：study-study;luck-lucky;late-lateWords FormationSummary
