1、2022年中考英语非谓语动词复习 （冲刺版）2022.5.23考察重点考察重点1.it 1.it 作形式主语、宾语的用法；作形式主语、宾语的用法；2.2.感官动词后不定式作宾语补足语和动词感官动词后不定式作宾语补足语和动词-ing-ing形式作宾语补足语形式作宾语补足语的用法；的用法；3.3.动词不定式与疑问代词和疑问副词的连用；动词不定式与疑问代词和疑问副词的连用；4.4.一些特殊动词的动词不定式作宾语补足语时不带一些特殊动词的动词不定式作宾语补足语时不带toto，但变为被，但变为被动语态时就要带动语态时就要带toto；5.5.有些动词既可以接不定式也可以接动词有些动词既可以接不定式也可以接
2、动词-ing-ing形式作宾语，但是形式作宾语，但是表达的意思不同表达的意思不同。辽宁辽宁2019-2021 2019-2021 非谓语动词考情概览非谓语动词考情概览沈阳近6年中考对非谓语动词的考查很少涉及。2021年 综合阅读54题考查了 spend+时间+doing2020年阅读填空49题考查了decide to do sth.；2019年阅读填空48题考查了be good atv.ing。动词不定式动词不定式1.动词不定式动词不定式(v.to do)的用法的用法(1)作主语。作主语。当作主语的不定式当作主语的不定式(短语短语)比比较长时，通常较长时，通常情况下情况下用用it作形式主语，而
3、将真正的不定式主语后置作形式主语，而将真正的不定式主语后置。Itsadj.(for/of sb.)to do sth.如：如：It is helpful to learn words by remembering them in groups.通过小组记忆单词有助于学习单词。通过小组记忆单词有助于学习单词。动词不定式动词不定式2)作表语。作表语。常位于系动词之后，通常可以和主语进行位置互换。如：常位于系动词之后，通常可以和主语进行位置互换。如：My dream is to be a pianist.To be a pianist is my dream.我的梦想是成为一名我的梦想是成为一名钢琴
4、家钢琴家。动词不定式动词不定式(3)作宾语。作宾语。中考常考中考常考(v.to do sth.)的动词的动词(短语短语)如下：如下：afford负担得起负担得起agree同意同意 begin开始开始decide决定决定 expect期望期望 fail失败失败forget忘记忘记 hope希望希望 learn学习学习manage勉力完成勉力完成 need需要需要 offer提供提供plan计划计划 prefer更喜欢更喜欢 prepare准备准备promise承诺承诺 refuse拒绝拒绝 remember记住记住try尽力尽力 want想要想要 wish希望希望动词不定式动词不定式(4)作宾语
5、补足语。作宾语补足语。常接动词不定式作宾语补足语常接动词不定式作宾语补足语(v.sb.to do sth.)的动词如下：的动词如下：advise建议建议allow允许允许 ask要求要求expect 期望期望 force 强迫强迫 help帮助帮助invite邀请邀请 order命令命令 teach教教tell告诉告诉 want想要想要 warn警告警告wish希望希望 would like想要，愿意想要，愿意（1 1）常见省略常见省略to的动词不定式的动词不定式在使役动词在使役动词(let,have,make)及感官动词后用作宾及感官动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须省略语补足语的不定式必须省
6、略to。但在变被动句时，需要补。但在变被动句时，需要补上不定式符号上不定式符号to(let除外除外)。如：。如：His words made me feel anxious.I was made to feel anxious by words.他他的话让我感到焦虑的话让我感到焦虑。help后带后带to或不带或不带to均可。均可。2.使用动词不定式的主要句型使用动词不定式的主要句型(1)疑问词不定式疑问词不定式动词不定式与疑问词连用可作主语或宾语。动词不定式与疑问词连用可作主语或宾语。“疑问词不定式疑问词不定式”作宾语时可转化为宾语从句。如：作宾语时可转化为宾语从句。如：Can you tel
7、l me where to buy the computer?Can you tell me where I can buy the computer？你能告诉我在？你能告诉我在哪里能买到这哪里能买到这台电脑台电脑吗？吗？(2)动词不定式的其他常考句型动词不定式的其他常考句型had better(not)do sth.最好最好(不要不要)做某事做某事would rather do sth.宁愿做某事宁愿做某事prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事宁愿做某事而不愿做某事adj.enough to do sth.足够足够做某事做某事too.t
8、o.太太而不能而不能It is ones turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事了轮到某人做某事了Its time to do sth.Its time for sth.是时候做某事了是时候做某事了It takes/took sb.some time to do sth.做某事花了某人多少时间做某事花了某人多少时间动名词动名词1.动名词动名词(v.v.ing)的用法的用法功能功能例例 句句说明说明作主语作主语Seeing is believing.眼见为实。眼见为实。Reading and studying in bed are bad for your eyes.在床上看书和学习对你的
9、眼睛不在床上看书和学习对你的眼睛不好。好。谓语动词用单数形式；谓语动词用单数形式；如果是并列的动名词如果是并列的动名词(短短 语语)作主语，谓语作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。动词用复数形式。功能功能例句例句说明说明作表语作表语Her hobby is planting different flowers.Planting different flowers is her hobby.她的爱好是她的爱好是种不同的花。种不同的花。多数情况下，动名词多数情况下，动名词作表语可转换成作主作表语可转换成作主语。语。功能功能例句例句说明说明作作宾宾语语动词动词宾语宾语I will finish readin
10、g the book and give a report next Monday.下星期一我将读完这本书并作下星期一我将读完这本书并作报告。报告。表示一般的习惯、表示一般的习惯、抽象行为或经常性抽象行为或经常性的动作。的动作。介词介词宾语宾语You cant stop people from saying what they think.你不能你不能阻止人们说出他们的想法。阻止人们说出他们的想法。功功 能能例句例句说明说明作定语作定语We should improve our learning methods.我们应该改进我们的学我们应该改进我们的学习方法。习方法。只表明它所修饰词的只表明它所
11、修饰词的用途、所属关系等，用途、所属关系等，置于被修饰词之前。置于被修饰词之前。2.常见接动名词作宾语的动词、短语和句型常见接动名词作宾语的动词、短语和句型avoid避免避免consider考虑考虑enjoy喜欢喜欢finish完成完成 imagine 想象想象keep坚持坚持mind介意介意 miss思念思念 practice练习练习suggest建议建议 be busy doing sth.忙于做某事忙于做某事be good at doing sth.擅长做某事擅长做某事be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事习惯于做某事巧记后跟动名词作宾语的动词巧记后跟动名词作宾语
12、的动词喜欢喜欢(enjoy)不断不断(keep)提建议提建议(suggest)盼望盼望(look forward to)习惯习惯(be used to)却完毕却完毕(finish)想要想要(feel like)花费花费(spend)去练习去练习(practice)忍俊不禁忍俊不禁(cant help)还介意还介意(mind)cant/couldnt help doing sth.情不自禁做某事情不自禁做某事feel like doing sth.想要做某事想要做某事keep on doing sth.坚持坚持/继续做某事继续做某事look forward to doing sth.期待做某事期
13、待做某事spend time(in)doing sth.花费时间做某事花费时间做某事succeed in doing sth.成功做某事成功做某事have fun/trouble/difficulty(in)doing sth.做某事有乐趣做某事有乐趣/麻烦麻烦/困难困难既可接不定式又可接动名词的动词既可接不定式又可接动名词的动词forget to do sth.忘了去做某事忘了去做某事(未做未做)forget doing sth.忘了做过某事忘了做过某事(已已做做)mean to do sth.打算打算/想做某事想做某事mean doing sth.意味着做某事意味着做某事还有哪些呢？还有哪
14、些呢？非谓语动词解题非谓语动词解题核心核心原则原则原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式。原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式。原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上要用原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上要用-ing-ing。原则三：用作结果状语时，可用原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing-ing或不定式，其区别是，一般用或不定式，其区别是，一般用-ing-ing，表示一定逻辑的结果，即，表示一定逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之中。不定式作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之外。结果在意料之中。不定式作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之外。原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。但是，如果所涉及
15、的动作尚未发生，则用不原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动式；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用定式的被动式；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用-ing-ing的被动式。的被动式。原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致。原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致。原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式原则七：用于名词后作定语时：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生；用原则七：用于名词后作定语时：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生；用-i
16、ng-ing，表示动作正在进行；用过，表示动作正在进行；用过去分词，表示动作被动、完成。去分词，表示动作被动、完成。分词分词句子成分用法例句作定语现在分词表示正在进行，有主动的含义，过去分词表示已经完成，有被动的含义。The crying boy annoyed us a lot.那个哭泣的男孩使我们很烦恼。作表语放在系动词后作表语The story is interesting.I am interested in it.这个故事很有趣，我对它很感兴趣。作宾语补足语 用于补充说明宾语的动作和状态He could hear his heart beating fast.他可以听见自己的心脏跳得
17、很快。作状语通常表示主语正在进行的另一动作，来对主语的主要动作加以修饰。I got home,feeling very tired.我疲惫地回到家里。非谓语动词练习非谓语动词练习 1.(2020天津)The government is setting up nature parks _protect pandas.A.to help B.help C.helped D.helps2.(2019河南)-Do you always get up so early?-Yes,_the first bus.My home is far away from school.A.catch B.to cat
18、ch C.catching D.caught3.(2021重庆)He took off his expensive watch _the fact that he was rich.A.to hide B.hid C.hide D.hidden 4.(2019成都)Smart phones _by Huawei are getting more and more popular around the world.A.made B.making C.to make D.are made5.(2019南京)-Do you have any plans for the holiday?-Yes.Im
19、 planning to travel to Jiu zhaigou.Im looking forward to _the colorful lakes and amazing waterfalls.A.see B.seeing C.sees D.saw6.(2019重庆)Miss Chen,my dear English teacher,often encourages me _the changes in my study.A.face B.faces C.facing D.to face7.(2019苏州)-Please stay with me this weekend.-Im sor
20、ry,but my father and I planned _Beijing a long time ago.A.visit B.visiting C.to visit D.visited8.(2019扬州)-Danial,do you know that bees never get lost?-Yes.Bees always remember _the same way as they went.A.come back B.came back C.coming back D.to come back9.(2019盐城)Mr.Wu keeps _his students that the
21、future belongs to the well-educated.A.telling B.to tell C.ordering D.to order10.(2019湘潭)-Alex,would you mind _ down the music?Its too noisy.-Sorry,dad,Ill do it right away.A.turn B.turning C.to turn D.turned11(2019吉林)Michael visits many websites _about Chinese culture.A.learn B.learned C.to learn D.
22、learning12.(2019海南)Mrs.Green refuses _sweet food.She doesnt want to get fat.A.eat B.eating C.to eat D.ate13.(2019兰州)We are supposed _some housework with our parents when we have free time.A.to share B.sharing C.shared D.share14.(2019泰州)In his e-mail,David promised _his daughter during her stay in Ja
23、pan.A.visiting B.visit C.visited D.to visit15.(2019孝感)-In my opinion,animals shouldnt be kept for fun.-I think so.Forests are the best places for animals_.A.live B.living C.to live D.to live in16.(2019咸宁)-Come and see!The baby is crying.-Please do something to make him_.A.stop crying B.stop to cry C
24、.crying D.cry17.(2020大庆)-Would you like _a film with us tonight?-Sorry,I have to help my mother do housework.A.see B.to see C.seeing D.to seeing18.(2019隆冬)-Betty,I am not good at English.Could you help me,please?-Sure.Ill do what I can _you improve your English.A.help B.to help C.helping D.helped19.
25、(2021岳阳)People enjoy _zongzi on the Dragon Boat Festival.A.eat B.eating C.to eat D.are eating20.(2019鄂州)-Jimmy,I dont like my classmate Bob.He is too noisy.-Oh,so he is.But you cant avoid _him.He sits next to you.A.meet B.to meet C.meeting D.to meeting21.(2019绥化)A friend in need is a friend indeed.A
26、ll of us need a friend _.A.to talk with B.talking with C.to talk D.talking22.(2021天水)Hongkong Disneyland is well worth _.A.to visit B.visited C.visit D.visiting23.(2019柳州)He ran as fast as he could _the bust but he failed.A.catch B.to catch C.caught D.be caught24.(2019百色)The teachers often tell us _
27、in the river.Its dangerous.A.not swim B.dont swim C.not swimming D.not to swim25.(2019天水)I saw her _flowers in the garden when I passed by.A.to water B.water C.watering D.watered26.(2019包头)-Why were you angry with your daughter?-She was busy _and taking selfies(自拍)when I was talking to her.A.texting
28、 B.to text C.text D.texted27.(2019昆明)Yunnan Museum is such an interesting place that many kids have fun _it.A.visiting B.to visit C.reading D.to read28.(2020天水)Businessmen prefer _e-mails to communicate with each other rather than _phone calls.A.write;make B.to write;make C.to write;to make D.write;
29、to make29.(2019乐山)-What should I do,doctor?-_healthy,you should take more exercise.A.keep B.keeping C.to keep D.Kept30.(2019自贡)-My uncle is against wasting anything.-No wonder he would rather _the old bike than _a new one.A.repair;to buy B.to repair;buy C.repair;buy D.repairing;to buy31.(2019镇江)To m
30、y surprise,Daniels parents allowed him _Shanghai Disneyland with me.A.to visit B.visiting C.visit D.visits32.(2019泸州)The 5G network will make it easier for us _our life.A.enjoy B.to enjoy C.enjoyed D.enjoying33.(2019眉山)I like the TV program The Reader best.I think we should _spend as much time as we
31、 can _in our spare time.A.read B.to read C.reading D.reads34.(2019遂宁)These foreigners are practicing _Chinese.A.to speak B.speaking C.speak D.speaks35.(2019南充)-I tried to make Alice _her mind but I found it difficult.-Well,I saw you _ that when I went past.A.changed;do B.changes;doing C.change;to do
32、 D.change;doing36.(2019益阳)_.he has to listen to tapes every day.A.to learn English well B.Learn English well C.Learning English well D.learned English well37.(2021邵阳)-How do you improve your spoken English?-By practicing _to my teachers and classmates.A.talking B.to talk C.talk D.talked38.(2020德阳)Mo
33、ther asks me _English ever morning.A.read B.to read C.reading D.not read39.(2019盘锦)-My best friend went abroad.I miss her and feel down today.-Dont be sad.Here is good news for you _.A.cheer up B.cheering up C.cheered up D.to cheer up40.(2019上海)Mr.Zhou is good at cooking and he has decided _his own restaurant.A.open B.opened C.to open D.openingABAABDCDABCCADDABBBCADBDCAABCCABCBDAABDC预祝你榜上有名，考入理想高中！预祝你榜上有名，考入理想高中！
