1、宾语从句宾语从句 Learning Aims1.正确认识宾语从句，并掌握宾语从句的三要素的用法；2.学习并运用宾语从句的简化规则；3.在中考题型中会正确使用宾语从句。在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。宾语句子结构：主句+引导词（连接词）+宾语从句定义定义宾语从句的分类宾语从句的分类 I believe that you will never break your words.(动词宾语)Miss Zhang is angry at what you said.(介词宾语)I am sure that you will succeed.(形容词宾语)形
2、容词sorry，sure,certain,glad,happy,afraid,surprised 等后接宾语从句。宾语从句三要素宾从简化时 态一、宾语从句三要素语 序连接词 宾语从句连接词，不同句子,词相异。陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否（if,whether）替；特殊问句更好办，连接还用疑问词。连接代词which,what,who,whom,whose等或连接副词when,where,why，how The earth moves around the sun.(that)the earth moves around the sun.that 连接陈述句,无词义，不充当任何成分，在口语中通
3、常可省略 陈述句 The teacher tells us _1.连接词 1.He says that that is a real kings hat.他说那是一个真的王冠。2.Im afraid that if youve lost it,you must pay for it.3.It says here,on this card,that it was used in plays.卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用的。4.She said(that)she would come and that she would also bring her son.她说她要来，还要带她的儿子来。连词tha
4、t不能省略的几种情况I wonder_Is the supermarket open?if或者whether连接一般疑问句，意思是“是否”，不作句子成分，但不能省略。一般疑问句 if/whether the supermarket is open.1.We are thinking about _ we can finish the work on time.只能使用whether whether介词后 2.He hasnt decided _ to visit the old man.whether不定式前3.Let me know _ or not he will come.whether
5、与or not连用4._ this is true or not,I cant say.Whether置于句首5种 5.Well discuss _ heneeds an operation(手术).放在动词discuss、decide 之后时whether 只能使用 if if宾从谓语为否定 Tom wants to know _he wont come here tomorrow.汤姆想知道他明天是否不来这儿。if引导条件状语从句，“如果”1种 If it doesnt rain tomorrow,we will go for a picnic.特殊疑问句保留原疑问词特殊疑问句保留原疑问词
6、,充当相应句子成分充当相应句子成分,不能省略。不能省略。连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语等，连接副词在从句中作状语。和定语等，连接副词在从句中作状语。特殊疑问句 Do you know who will come this afternoon?Did you hear what she said?I dont know whose that is.Could you tell me which gate we have to go to?We didnt know when she would come back.Can you tell me how
7、 I get to the post office?含how 的词组也可以引导宾语从句。主要有how old,how many,how much,how long,how often,how far,how soon 等。Do you know how old he is?He asks Jim how long Mike has been like this.2.语序Is the supermarket open?if/whether the supermarket is open.陈述语序 主句+连接词+主语+谓语+宾语+其他Where does Lily live？I wonder _w
8、here Lily lives.Why was Tom late for school?Do you know_why Tom was late for school?1.陈述句不变2.问句还原为陈述语序 be动词、情态动词及助动词(have,has)放到从句主语之后;助动词do/does/did 应删去。I wonder_注意：特殊疑问句转化为宾语从句时，有些特殊疑问句本身是陈述语序，也就是特殊疑问词作主语时，不用再进行语序的调整。e.g.Whats wrong/the matter/the trouble with you?What happened to.?Which is the wa
9、y to.?Who studies the hardest in your class?3.时态I know（that）he will come back next week.我知道他下周将回来。He wants to know if/whether they had a good journey home.他想知道他们回家旅途是否愉快。I dont know who will give us a speech.我不知道谁将会给我们进行演讲。主现从随意1.当主句为一般现在时态、现在进行时态、或一般将来时态时，从句可用所需要的任何时态。2.主句是一般过去时，从句用所需要的过去的某种时态。如：He
10、 said（that）there were no classes yesterday.When I got to the school,I realized I had left my backpackat home.had leftwould winwas lying She didnt know if/whether the train _(leave).He believed that he _(win)the competition.She found that the wallet _(lie)on the ground.主过从必过1)He will go to Hong Kong.
11、2)He is sick.3)He is reading a book.4)He has finished his work.1)He to Hong Kong.2)He sick.3)He a book.4)HeHe saidwould go waswas reading his work.had finished 口语练习3.如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。如：He said that light travels much faster than sound.We knew that the sun _(rise)in the east
12、.Our reacher told us that the earth _(go)around the sun.risesgoes客观真理永现在二、宾语从句的简化规则Li Ming hopes(that)he will be back very soon.=Li Ming hopes _ _ _ very soon.3种Could you tell me how I can get to the station?=Could you tell me how _ _ _the station?I found that it was difficult to learn English.=I fo
13、und _difficult to learn English.to be backto get to it1.当主从句主语一致；主句谓语动词是hope,decide,remember,forget,learn等；可简化为不定式结构 2.主句谓语动词是know,tell,ask,show,teach等动词时,特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句含can、should等情态动词，可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构3.当从句为it作形式主语的结构时，可简化为“it+形容词+不定式”Can you use1.We havent decided _ we will keep a pet.2.Could you ple
14、ase tell me _ the library is?I want to borrow some books.3.-Could you please tell me _ we will visit the Capital Museum?-Next Thursday morning.4.-Can you tell me _ you finally solved the problem?-By turning to my parents.whetherwherewhenhow5.-What did the teacher say just now?-He asked me _ I looked
15、 unhappy then.6.-Do you know _ he said at the party?-Go on.Im all ears.7.They all said _ it could not be done.whywhatthatI asked her,“will you go to the Water World in Fukang tomorrow?”I asked her _ she _ go to the Water World in Fukang the next day.if/whetherwould My mother promised that she would buy me an iphone12.（改为简单句）My mother promised _ _ me an iphone12.to buy宾语从句三要素引导词/连接词that（陈述句）ifwhether（一般疑问句）特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句)时态从句一般过去时过去将来时过去进行时过去完成时语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序Summary主现从随意主过从必过客观真理永现在宾语从句宾从简化to doWh-+to doit+adj+to doHomework1.考典230页第一题2.精练本55页第一题和第二题Thanks.
