1、Present Perfect TensePresent Perfect Tense现在完成时现在完成时 2023-2-20 Song of The Present PerfectThe song of the present perfect has come here to say youre fineIf you use it for something that started in the past thats still going at the present.Like when I say“Ive been your friend for years.”It means we m
2、et some years ago and were still friends,my dear.The song of the present perfect has come here to say:Hey man!You can use it for something that happened in the past.but you dont need to explain exactly when，like when I say:“Ive been to the UK.”It means I went there in the past but you dont know what
3、 dayIn the last few minutes I have sung this tune somehow ,you have heard a minute of this song up to nowI have lost my words and I dont know what I can sayI hope Ive made myself quite clear with it,now you can playThe song of the present perfect has come here that you can use at the time when a thi
4、ng takes place but its time hasnt finished yet like when you say:“Ive been outside today”the night has not come yet-Its the same day so you can use it,mateFinally,the present perfect is really handy(not a crime)when the action of the verb you are using has some effects in the present time like when
5、I say:“Hey,look what I have done!”I have just finished writing you this song and you can hear it now!2023-2-201.Ive been your friend for years.2.Ive been to the UK.3.Ive been outside today4.I have just finished writing you this song.1.Ive been your friend for years.2.Ive been to the UK.3.Ive been ou
6、tside today4.I have just finished writing you this song.2023-2-20现在完成时的结构:have+done肯定式：否定式：一般疑问式:肯定回答：否定回答：特殊疑问式：主语+have/has+动词过去分词主语+have/has+not+动词过去分词Have/has+主语+动词过去分词？疑问词+have/has+主语+动词过去分词？Yes,主语+have/has.No,主语+havent/hasnt.2023-2-201.Something that started in the past and continues in the pre
7、sent.(表示开始于过去持续到现在的动作)2.Something that happened in the past at an indefinite(unknown)time.（表示发生在过去不定时间的动作）3.The time(when the action happened)is not finished.（现在完成时可和包括“现在”在内的（到说话时仍未结束）表示一段时间的状语连用。）4.The action of the verb has effects in the present.（过去发生的动作对现在有影响）e.g.1.Sam has been ill for 2 days.2
8、.Sam has been ill since 2 days ago.2023-2-20 1.for+时间段 since+时间点,since+句子1.Something that started in the past and continues in the present(表示开始于过去持续到现在的动作)2.到目前为止到目前为止 so far，until now,up to now.e.g.1.So far he has learnt 10,000 words.2.You have heard a minute of this song up to now.3.在最近几世纪在最近几世纪/年
9、年/月以来月以来in the past few year,over the past few years,during the last three months,through centuries,等。e.g.Over the past 10 years,our economy has increased a lot.2023-2-20【复习反馈1】sincesincefor Practice is the sole criterion for testing truth.2.Something that happened in the past at an indefnite(unknow
10、n)time.（表示发生在过去不确定时间的动作）e.g.1.She has been to England have gone to去了某地（还没回来）have been in在某地呆了多长时间 2023-2-20have been to去过某地（去过已回来）用用have/has been to/in,have gone to填空。填空。1.Where is Jack?He _ his country.2.John _ England since he came back.3.How long _ you _this village?4.The Smiths _ Beijing for yea
11、rs.5._you ever _ America?Yes,I _ there many times.6.Where is your brother?He _ the shop.Hell be back soon.2023-2-20has gone tohas been inhavebeen inhave been inHavebeen tohave been has gone to3.The time(when the action happened)is not finished.（现在完成时可和包括“现在”在内的（到说话时仍未结束）表示一段时间的状语连用。）e.g.1.I have wri
12、tten 3 letters this morning.I wrote 3 letters this moring.2023-2-20（说话时在下午或者晚上）（说话时在早上）与一般过去时的用法区别与一般过去时的用法区别一般过去时和现在完成时的动作都发生在过去,但意义却不同.（1）一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态,和现在不发生关系。现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响,强调的是现在。现在完成时和一般过去时都是在说过去的事情，但现在完成时强调对现在的影响和结果，而一般过去时只讲述过去发生的动作和事情，与现在没有关系。一般过去时可以和表示过去的时间状语连用,如:yesterday,las
13、t year,three days ago,just now,等。现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用,其时间状语可以是since,for,just,ever,never,before,already,yet,so far,all ones life等1.I have already had lunch.I had lunch just now.2.He has already finished his homework.He finished his homework yesterday.3.I learned ten English songs.I have learnt ten Eng
14、lish songs.2023-2-204.The action of the verb has effects in the present.（过去发生的动作对现在有影响）e.g.1.I have already finished all the work.2.Someone has broken the window.3.I have already lost the key.4.I havent read that book yet.5.I have just cleaned my hands.6.Mom,I have finished my homework,so I can watc
15、h TV.2023-2-20表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与just（刚刚），already（已经），never（从来没有），ever（曾经），before（以前），yet（还），once（一次），twice（两次），many times（很多次），how many times（多少次）2023-2-20副词副词含义含义使用句式使用句式 位置（通常）位置（通常）just刚刚ever在任何时候，从来，曾经never从不before以前already已经yet已经，还任何句式多用于否定句，疑问句任何句式，表示否定任何句式肯定句，陈述句否定句，疑问句句中（谓语动词前）句中
16、（谓语动词前）句中（谓语动词前）句末句中（谓语动词前）或句末句末2023-2-20【复习反馈2】neverjust Translation1.我已经买了一辆车。I have already bought a car.我已经买了这车两年了。I have had this car for two years.2.这个老人已经去世了。This old man has died.这个老人已经去世很长一段时间了。This old man has been dead for a long time.2023-2-20注意注意:非延续性动词非延续性动词不能和不能和时间段时间段连用连用.非延续性动词的概念：英
17、语中有些动词的意义不能持续，表示的是一瞬间就结束的动作，这些动词被称为非延续性动词或瞬间动词。常见的非延续性动词有：come,leave,go,lose see,begin,start,arrive,become,die,buy,borrow,close,join,reach,fall等。2023-2-20 非延续性动词的转换非延续性动词的转换非延续性动词和延续性动词的转换非延续性动词和延续性动词的转换 borrow buy put on catch a cold get to know get to sleep begin/start go out close open get to/arr
18、ive/reach die leave finish fall sleep become join come make friends marry/get married to 2023-2-20keephavewearhave a cold know sleepbe on be out be closed be open be in be dead be away(from)be overbe asleep bebe in/be a member of be here be friendsbe married to1.这块手表我已经买了5年了。I have had this watch fo
19、r 5 years.2.这本书我已经借了一周了。I have kept this since a week ago.3.这本书我没有借很久。I havent this book for a long time.2023-2-20borrowed 注意：非延续性动词用于完成时态，在肯定句中不能与 for和since引出的短语或者句子连用，但在否定句中可以。2023-2-20Have you master it?2023-2-20Practice1.He _ for ten years.A.has been married B.married C.got married D.has married
20、2.Students in Beijing _ away many books to the Hope Schools since 2009.A.have given B.give C.gave D.had given3.Julies father _ to London last month.He _ there three times.A.went;had gone B.has gone;has been C.went;has been D.has been;had gone2023-2-204.My sister has learnt English _.A.for twelve yea
21、rs ago B.since she was four C.twelve years ago D.at the age of four5.The astronaut is so tired that he _ for eleven hours.A.has been asleep B.has fallen asleep C.has gone to bed D.has gone to sleep6.The meeting _ for five minutes.A.has been on B.has began C.has begun D.has started2023-2-20Practice7.
22、Li Hua _ this hospital for five years since she came to this countryside.A.has been to B.has gone to C.has been on D.has been in8.Our country _ a lot so far.Yes.I hope it will be even _.A.has changed;well B.changed;good C.has changed;better D.changed;better9.His father _ the Party since 1978.A.joined B.has joined C.was in D.has been in2023-2-20Practice
