1、Present Perfect Tense现在完成时present(now)futurepast Present Perfect Tense 现在完成时现在完成时 主语主语+have/has+过去分词（过去分词（pp）现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构Summer has already come，Will it still be far in fall?主语主语+have/has+过去分词（过去分词（pp）否定形式否定形式 havent(have not）+过去分词过去分词 hasnt(has not)+过去分词过去分词疑问句疑问句 把助动词把助动词 have/has 放在句首放在句首 现在完
2、成时的结构现在完成时的结构注：主语若是第三人称单数助动词用注：主语若是第三人称单数助动词用 has1、规则变化（过去分词与过去时变化规则一样）、规则变化（过去分词与过去时变化规则一样）(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed”。work-worked-worked visit-visited-visited(2)、以、以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”。live-lived 过去分词过去分词(3)、以、以“辅音字母辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将结尾的动词，将“y”变为变为“i”，再加再加“ed”。，study-studied-studied cry-c
3、ried-cried(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加先双写该辅音字母，再加“ed”。stop-stopped-stopped drop-dropped-dropped 2、不规则变化、不规则变化havehadhad am/is wasbeenarewerebeen dodiddone gowentgone seesawseen 现在完成时现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果对现在造成的影响或结果.现在完成时现在完成时,强调是强调是过去动过去动作与现在的联系作与现在的联系,也就是强
4、也就是强调现在的影响和结果调现在的影响和结果.have/has+过去分词过去分词1.1.两个句子都表示过去发生的事；两个句子都表示过去发生的事；2.2.现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系，不能和具现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系，不能和具体的时间状语连用；体的时间状语连用；3.3.一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态,没有说明没有说明与现在的关系，它与表示过去的具体时间连用。与现在的关系，它与表示过去的具体时间连用。（last,ago,yesterday,etc.last,ago,yesterday,etc.）presentpast现在完成时现在完成时:强调这一动作产生的
5、结果对现在的影响或结果，强调这一动作产生的结果对现在的影响或结果，与现在有关与现在有关。一般过去时一般过去时:仅表示在过去某一时刻曾发生过这一动作，仅表示在过去某一时刻曾发生过这一动作，与与现在无关现在无关。他已学英语五年了。他已学英语五年了。He has studied English for five years.他曾学过五年英语。他曾学过五年英语。He studied English for five years.（说明他还会继续学下去）（说明他还会继续学下去）（只说明他过去学过五年英语，但现在不学了。）（只说明他过去学过五年英语，但现在不学了。）现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时与
6、一般过去时的区别Ive lived here for ten years.我在这里住了我在这里住了10年。年。(现在仍现在仍住这儿住这儿)I lived here for ten years.我在这里住过我在这里住过10年。年。(现在不住现在不住这儿了这儿了)He has bought a house.他买了一栋房子。他买了一栋房子。(现在已拥有这现在已拥有这房子房子)He bought a house ten years ago.他他10年前买了一栋房年前买了一栋房子。子。(现在是否仍拥有这房子不清楚现在是否仍拥有这房子不清楚)遇到遇到yesterday,Last year,in May,i
7、n+过去某过去某一年，一年，two days ago,the other day,just now等就用一般过去时等就用一般过去时(表过去的时间表过去的时间)当有当有 so far,in/during/over the past/last few so far,in/during/over the past/last few days(days(在过去在过去/最近的几年里最近的几年里)，sincesince接过去时接过去时间状语或过去时的句子间状语或过去时的句子等常用现在完成时等常用现在完成时 (不能与确定的时间不能与确定的时间)时间标志词时间标志词现在完成时不能与表示过去的时间状现在完成时不
8、能与表示过去的时间状语连用，常与之连用的时间状语有：语连用，常与之连用的时间状语有：before,by now(so far),once,twice,just,recentlyyet(否否/疑疑),already(肯肯),ever,never,all ones life,in/during/over the past/last 5 years,（1）already肯定句肯定句:“己经己经”一般疑问句一般疑问句:句末句末(表示惊讶的语气表示惊讶的语气)“难道难道”Have you had breakfast already？(表示强调)Ive already had breakfast.(常见)
9、=Ive had breakfast already.注:有already的句子在时态上并不都是现在完成时,判断时要看该词后是否有动词的过去分词.Eg.Shes already eighty years old.It was already very late.(2)yet否定句否定句:句末句末“还还(没没)”疑问句疑问句:句末句末“己经己经”Have you had breakfast yet?I havent had breakfast yet.注意：注意：当在肯定句中含当在肯定句中含alreadyalready或或justjust，变否定时，在句末加，变否定时，在句末加yetyet。I
10、havent seen the film yet.Mother has just cleaned the house.Mother hasnt cleaned the house yet.I have already seen the film.(3)ever肯定句肯定句/疑问句疑问句:句中句中“曾经曾经”Ive ever been to Beijing.Have you ever been to Beijing?(4)never否定句否定句:句中句中“从来没有从来没有”Ive never been to Beijing.注注:带带ever的肯定句变否定句时的肯定句变否定句时,将将ever变变
11、neverHe has ever made meal.Have they ever travelled by train?No,never.He has never made meal.带ever的一般疑问句作否定回答时可用“No,never.”(5)just用于用于句中句中,表示表示“刚刚刚刚”Ive just had breakfast.What have they just done?(6)before用于用于句末句末,表示表示“以前以前”Ive seen it before.Has she ridden a bike before?1.I _(have)lunch already2.H
12、as the train_(arrive),yet?3.Tome _ never_(be to)China.4.The twin _just _(see)my father.5.The twins _(see)my father just now.6.Many tall buildings _(build)in the past 5 years.have hadarrivedhasbeen tohasseensawhave been built用法二用法二：表示过去所发生的动作或存在的状表示过去所发生的动作或存在的状态，一直持续到现在并可能还将持续下去。态，一直持续到现在并可能还将持续下去。动
13、词使用延续性动词动词使用延续性动词。常与常与forfor或或sincesince引导引导的时间连用的时间连用E.g.Kate has lived here for 3 years.Kate has lived here since 3 years ago.Kate has lived here since she came to China.since:(自自以来以来)1)since+时间点时间点He has stayed here since 5 oclock.2)since+时间段时间段+agoHe has stayed here since 5 hours ago.3)since+从句（
14、句中的谓语动词为从句（句中的谓语动词为过去式过去式）She has taught English since he came here.for:(长达）长达）for+时间段时间段He has kept the book for 2 weeks.since,for 的用法的用法:Take notes 注意注意:对对for或或since引导的时间引导的时间状语提问状语提问 必须用必须用_ 1.I have lived here for 10 years.How long have you lived here?2.She has stood here since 2 hours ago.How l
15、ong has she stood here?how long 选用选用forfor和和sincesince填空填空:1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years 2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years ago.ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.3.The film has been o
16、n _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to 4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.China.5.His grandpa has been dead _ several years.5.His grandpa has been dead _ several years.forforsincesinceforforsincesinceforfor6.Mr.Brown has had his TV _ 15 years.7.Ive taken driving lessons _l
17、ast month.8.My sister has had her cell phone _a month.9.My friends havent visited me _my birthday.10.We havent used our car _ a long time.11.She hasnt had a good cup of coffee _years.12.Tom has worn glasses _he was 7 years old.for since forsinceforforsince注意注意:瞬间动词瞬间动词不能不能和和时间段时间段连用连用.瞬间动词瞬间动词joinbe
18、gin/startborrowfinish/endarrive/comeleavediebuyShe has bought the computer for two years.hadbuyhave/has hadHow long have you come to the United States？been income tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadAnn has gone to China since three months ago.been income tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has
19、been inI have got to Paris for one week.been income tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been inMy brother has joined the army for five years.been inbeen a soldier come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inha
20、ve/has been a soldier I have left Shanghai for 3 days.been away for 3 e tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier leave have/has been away I have borrowed the dictionary since 3 days ago.kept come tohave/has been inbuyhav
21、e/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier leave have/has been away borrow have/has kept The film has begun for 10 minutes.been on come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been
22、 a soldier leave have/has been away borrow have/has kept begin have/has been on The concert has finished for half an hour.been over come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier leave have/has been away borrow have/has k
23、ept begin have/has been on finish have/has been over His dog has died for two years.been dead come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier leave have/has been away borrow have/has kept begin have/has been on finish have
24、/has been over die have/has been dead She has married for six years.been married come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier leave have/has been away borrow have/has kept begin have/has been on finish have/has been ove
25、r die have/has been dead marry have/has been married arrive/come/go to die become a borrowleave/move buy openjoin start/begin finish/endcatch a cold get up get to know get out close wake upgo to sleepbecome interested in be in be deadhavekeepbe away/be out be abe in/a member ofbe openbe onbe overhav
26、e a coldbe upknowbe outbe closedbe awakebe asleep/sleepbe interested inHis father has died.(for 2 years)The football match has begun.(since9:00a.m)The twins have joined the army.(since they are 18years old)My teacher has just left Nanjing.(for 3 days)His father has been dead for 2 years.The football
27、 match has been on since 9:00 a.m.The twins have been soldiers/been in the army since they are 18years old.My teacher has been away from Nanjing for 3 days.注：注：非延续性动词非延续性动词可以可以于现在完成时于现在完成时,表示表示动作已经完成，它动作已经完成，它不能跟段时间不能跟段时间。但它的但它的否否定式定式可以跟段时间状语连用可以跟段时间状语连用.Tom has left Beijing.Tom hasnt left Beijing s
28、ince he came to this city in 2004.He has borrowed a pen from me.He hasnt borrowed a pen from me since we argued.eg.他死了两年了：他死了两年了：He died two years ago.He has been dead for two years/since two years ago It is/has been two years since he died.Two years has passed since he died.这本书我借了一个月了。I borrowed th
29、is book a month ago.It is/has been a month since I borrowed the book.I have kept the book for a month./since a month ago.A month has passed since I borrowed the book.用法三：用法三：have been to 曾经去过某地（已返回）曾经去过某地（已返回）have gone to 去了某地去了某地 （还没有回来）（还没有回来）A B A B巧记：巧记：been to，gone to 意不同，两者用法要记清；意不同，两者用法要记清；ha
30、ve been to+地名，曾经到过某地行；地名，曾经到过某地行；have gone to+地点，到某地去了已走远。地点，到某地去了已走远。have been in+地点，在某地呆多久。地点，在某地呆多久。1.I have gone to Japan before.()2.Guilin is very beautiful,I have been to there twice.()3.His father has gone to Beijing.He will be back next week()4.Where have you gone?()True or false?FFFTbeenbee
31、n去掉去掉 havehas beenHave 用用have/has been to,have/has gone to填空填空：1.Where is your brother?He _ the shop.Hell be back soon.2._ you ever _ to America?Yes,I _ New York twice.3.Here you are at last!Where _ you _?I _ London.4.David _Australia.Im sure hes already arrived.5.Is Benny here?No,he _ the school li
32、brary.He left five minutes ago.has gone toHave been tohave been tohave beenhave been tohas gone tohas gone toTom 在哪儿？他去书店买书了。我在北京待了5年了。Jack 去过上海两次了-Where is Tom?-He has gone to the bookshop to buy some books.I have been in Beijing for 5 years.Jack has been to Shanghai twice.1.1.WhenWhen （特殊疑问词（特殊疑问词
33、“什么时候什么时候”）不用于现在完成时不用于现在完成时。因为它是对动作所发生的时间提问的，而现在完成时的动作因为它是对动作所发生的时间提问的，而现在完成时的动作却是却是过去所发生的过去所发生的。e.g-Where is Tom?e.g-Where is Tom?-He has gone to the zoo?-He has gone to the zoo?-WhenWhen did he go?did he go?-He -He wentwent there this morning.there this morning.2.被形容词最高级所修饰的名词后的被形容词最高级所修饰的名词后的定语从句
34、定语从句(that 引导引导)中，一般用现在完中，一般用现在完成时态。成时态。This is the most delicious food(that)Ive ever eaten.这是我所吃过的最美味的食物。这是我所吃过的最美味的食物。She is the most beautiful girl(that)Ive ever seen.她是我见过的最美丽的姑娘她是我见过的最美丽的姑娘 3.It is the first/second time+现在完成时现在完成时This is+the最高级最高级+名词名词+that+现在完成时现在完成时This is the first time(that)
35、Ive heard him sing.这是我第一次听他唱歌。这是我第一次听他唱歌。It is the first time that I have seen such a beautiful girlIt was the third time that the boy has been late.This is the best film that Ive(ever)seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。这是我看过的最好的电影。当堂检测当堂检测一、句式变换：（一、句式变换：（5分分,每空每空1分）分）1.Jack has visited China before.(改为否定句）改为否定句）Jack
36、 visited China before.2.They have come into the classroom.(改为一般疑问句）改为一般疑问句）come into the classroom?3.He has been here for 12 years.(划线提问）划线提问）has he been here?hasnt Have they How long1、He has never surfed,?（改成反意疑问句）（改成反意疑问句）2、They have been here since 2000.(对划线部分提问对划线部分提问)have they been here?3、T h e
37、 o l d m a n _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ l a s t y e a r.H e _for a year.(die)（动词填空）（动词填空）has heHow long died has been dead4.This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换同义句转换)This factory _ for twenty years.5、Miss Gao left an hour ago.(同义句转换同义句转换)Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour ago.6、Her mother has been a Party membe
38、r for three years.（同义句）（同义句）Her mother _ the Party three years_.7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago.(同义句转换同义句转换)_ two years _ the Green family moved to France.8、The bus has arrived here.It arrived ten minutes ago.(把两个句子合并成一个句子把两个句子合并成一个句子)_ has been openhas been away sincejoinedagoIt is
39、sinceThe bus has been here for ten minutesCorrecting 1.I have borrowed the book for 3 months.2.My bother has joined the army since he was 18.3.Jack and Tom have lived here since 5years.4.The film has been on since I have come to the cinema.5.When has Mr.Li caught a bad cold?have kepthas been in/been
40、 a member of the armysince 5 years ago/for 5 yearscame didcatch6.Ten years have passed since they got married.7.Jim has gone to Beijing for 2 years.8.What time have the factory opened?9.I have gone to Chunhua Middle School twice.hashas been indidopenbeen to写出下列动词的过去式及过去分词写出下列动词的过去式及过去分词1 become_-_2
41、break_-_3 bring _-_4 build_-_5 bite_-_6 catch_-_7 choose_-_8 cut_-_9 fall_-_10 fly_-_11 forget_-_12 grow_-_13 hit_-_14 hurt_-_15 keep_-_16 lend_-_17 lose_-_18 meet_-_19 put_-_20read_-_21 ring_-_became becomebroke brokenbrought broughtbuilt builtbit bitcaught caughtchose chosencut cutfell fallenflew
42、flownforgot forgottengrew grownhit hithurt hurtkept keptlent lentlost lostmet metput putread readrang rungA）用have(has)been 或have(has)gone 填空。A:Where _ Li Fei _?B:He _ to Hainan Island.A:How long _ he _ there?B:He _ there for three days.A:When will he come back,do you know?B:Im afraid he wont come ba
43、ck recently.A:Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?B:Sorry,I _ never _ there.A:How many times _Li Fei _to that place?B:He _ there only once.hasgonehas beenhasbeenhas beenhavebeenhasbeenhas beenB)用have/has been to/in,have gone to的各种形式填空。1）-Where is Jack?-He _ his country.2）How long _ you _ this
44、 village?3）The Smiths _ Beijing for years.4）-_ you ever _ America?-Yes,I _ there many times.5）I _ this school since three years ago.has been tohavebeen inhave been inHavebeen tohave been have been in汉译英汉译英 1、吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。2、他昨天收到一封信。他昨天收到一封信。3、我父亲以前到过长城。我父亲以前到过长城。Jim has finished doing his homework already.He is free nowHe received a letter yesterdayMy father has been to the Great Wall before 4、她还没有看过那部新电影。她还没有看过那部新电影。5、她去过上海。她去过上海。6、他这些天上哪儿去了？他这些天上哪儿去了？She hasnt seen the new film yet.She has been to Shanghai.Where has he been these days？
