1、冠词（冠词（ArticlesArticles）定义定义用法用法01.01.定义定义冠词分为定冠词（冠词分为定冠词（thethe）和不定冠词（）和不定冠词（a/ana/an），定是），定是指限定，即，冠词是用来限定名词的，使用指限定，即，冠词是用来限定名词的，使用“冠词冠词+名词名词”，符合用于指称的表达需求，指称分为泛指、，符合用于指称的表达需求，指称分为泛指、类指和特指。泛指可以用不定冠词类指和特指。泛指可以用不定冠词a/ana/an；类指可以；类指可以用用the+the+可数名词单数可数名词单数/不可数名词；特指时需要使用不可数名词；特指时需要使用定冠词定冠词thethe。a a用于辅音音
2、素前（不一定是辅音字母），而用于辅音音素前（不一定是辅音字母），而anan则用于元音音则用于元音音素前（不一定是元音字母素前（不一定是元音字母）,如如 an an hourhour。元音元音音素：音素：单元音：单元音：/i/i:/i/i:/e/e/:/:/u:/u:/:/:/双元音：双元音：/e/e/a/a/a/a/e/e/不定冠词不定冠词a a和和anan的区别的区别用用anan的常见单词：的常见单词：egg,apple,orange,English,hour,empty,idea,egg,apple,orange,English,hour,empty,idea,eraser,eraser,
3、honest,elephant,easy,old,umbrella,ancientart,Mp4,honest,elephant,easy,old,umbrella,ancientart,Mp4,E-mail,unusual,unhappyE-mail,unusual,unhappyTipsTips用用a a的常见单词的常见单词:university,useful,uniform,European,university,useful,uniform,European,usualusual在在2626个字母中，前面用个字母中，前面用anan的字母有的字母有a,e,f,h,i,l,m,n,a,e,
4、f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,x,o,r,s,x,其它用其它用a a。TipsTips1)1)在叙述时用于第一次提到的人或物前。在叙述时用于第一次提到的人或物前。This is a book.This is a book.2)2)泛指某人或某物。泛指某人或某物。A young man is waiting for you.A young man is waiting for you.3 3）a/an+a/an+单数可数名词可以表示一类事物。侧重单数可数名词可以表示一类事物。侧重于指类别中的任何一个。于指类别中的任何一个。An elephant is much stronger than
5、a man.An elephant is much stronger than a man.不定冠词不定冠词a/ana/an的用法的用法4)4)序数词前面加不定冠词序数词前面加不定冠词a/ana/an表示表示“再一，又一再一，又一”之意。之意。They have a second house in the country.They have a second house in the country.Although he has failed six times,he would Although he has failed six times,he would like to have a
6、 try a seventh time.like to have a try a seventh time.5)5)用于表示价格用于表示价格/速度速度/数量数量/比率的名词前，表示比率的名词前，表示“每每”。The little girl can type 80 words a minute.The little girl can type 80 words a minute.Most workers get paid a month.Most workers get paid a month.不定冠词不定冠词a/ana/an的用法的用法6)6)不定冠词不定冠词a/ana/an用在某些抽象名词
7、和物质名词前，表示用在某些抽象名词和物质名词前，表示“一一种，一件，一个种，一件，一个”之意；如果这些名词前有形容词修饰，之意；如果这些名词前有形容词修饰，则不定冠词通常不可少，如：则不定冠词通常不可少，如：What a lovely surprise to see you again!What a lovely surprise to see you again!Id like a coffee and two beers.Id like a coffee and two beers.7)moon,sky,world7)moon,sky,world等表示世界上独一无二的事物被形容词等表示世界
8、上独一无二的事物被形容词修饰时前面要加不定冠词，如：修饰时前面要加不定冠词，如：When can we enjoy a new moon?When can we enjoy a new moon?不定冠词不定冠词a/ana/an的用法的用法8 8）不定冠词）不定冠词a/ana/an用于用于most most 前表示程度，意为：前表示程度，意为：“非常，十分非常，十分”，如：如：Its a most boring book.Its a most boring book.9 9）用于某些不可数名词前如）用于某些不可数名词前如educationeducation，historyhistory，kno
9、wledgeknowledge，populationpopulation，timetime等，表述其一部分或某一方面内容。等，表述其一部分或某一方面内容。He has a wide knowledge of history.He has a wide knowledge of history.1010）ofofa/ana/an名词，名词，a/ana/an相当于相当于the samethe same。These umbrellas are of a colour and size.These umbrellas are of a colour and size.这些伞的颜色和大这些伞的颜色和大小
10、一样。小一样。不定冠词不定冠词a/ana/an的用法的用法1111）用于地名前表示）用于地名前表示“一个一个的地方的地方”；用于星期、月份前表示不确切的用于星期、月份前表示不确切的“某一个星期或月份某一个星期或月份”。用于姓氏前表示不认识的用于姓氏前表示不认识的“一个姓一个姓.的人的人/叫叫的人的人”、“某家庭的成员某家庭的成员”、“像像 一样的人一样的人”或是或是“某人的作某人的作品品”。I cant remember when exactly the accident happened.I cant remember when exactly the accident happened.I
11、 only remember it was a Sunday.I only remember it was a Sunday.A Mr.Wang called you.A Mr.Wang called you.I want to be a Xu Beihong when I grow up.I want to be a Xu Beihong when I grow up.不定冠词不定冠词a/ana/an的用法的用法1212）用于某些固定词组或短语中。）用于某些固定词组或短语中。as a result as a result 因此，结果因此，结果 have a rest have a rest
12、休息一下休息一下in a hurry in a hurry 匆忙匆忙 in a in a way way 在某种程度上在某种程度上as a rule as a rule 通常通常 in in a word a word 总之总之a number of a number of 许多许多 as a as a whole whole 总体上说总体上说have a good time have a good time 过得开心过得开心 make a living make a living 谋谋生生不定冠词不定冠词a/ana/an的用法的用法1212）用于某些固定词组或短语中。）用于某些固定词组或短语
13、中。at a loss at a loss 不知所措不知所措 at a at a distance distance 保持一定距离保持一定距离have a talk with.have a talk with.和和谈谈谈谈 all of a sudden all of a sudden 突然突然as a matter of fact as a matter of fact 事实上事实上 have a gift for.have a gift for.对对有天赋有天赋once in a while once in a while 偶尔偶尔 once once upon a time upon a
14、 time 从前从前keep an eye on.keep an eye on.照看照看；密切注视；密切注视不定冠词不定冠词a/ana/an的用法的用法1）特指双方都明白的人或物：Take the medicine.把药吃了。2）上文提到过的人或事(即第一次提到用a/an第二次提到用the)He bought a house.Ive been to the house.3）指世上独一物二的事物：the sun，the sky，the moon，the earth 定冠词the的用法4）与可数名词单数连用表示一类事物：如：the dollar 美元;the fox 狐狸；5）与形容词或分词连用，
15、表示一类人：the rich 富人;the living 生者6）用在表示乐器的名词之前(piano,violin,drum,guitar)She plays the piano.她会弹钢琴。7)用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人：the Greens 格林一家人(或格林夫妇)定冠词the的用法8）用在序数词和形容词最高级，表方位的名词前及形容词only,very,same 等前面：Where do you live?I live on the second floor.Thats the very thing Ive been looking for.那正是我要找的东西。The sun ri
16、ses in the east.9）与复数名词连用，指整个群体：They are the teachers of this school.指全体教师)They are teachers of this school.(指部分教师)定冠词the的用法10)用在惯用语中：in the day,in the morning(afternoon，evening),the day after tomorrow,the day before yesterday,the next morning,in the sky,in the rain,in the middle(of),in the end,in t
17、he future,at the moment,on the phone,make the bed,with the help of,listen to the radio,by the way,etc.定冠词the的用法1)在专有名词和不可数名词前 China is a great country.Paper is made from wood.2)名词前已有指示代词，物主代词，或不定代词作定语 Go down this street.The letter is in her bag.Every student in my class likes English.零冠词的用法3）在季节、月份
18、、节日、假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词；We go to school from Monday to Friday.Today is Christmas Day.It is Sunday and it is May 1.It is cold in winter.零冠词的用法4）在三餐饭、球类运动、娱乐运动和学科、语言的名称前，不加冠词 He goes to school after breakfast.They play basketball on the ground.(play chess)We all like English.5）在称呼或表示官衔，职位的名词前不加冠词；
19、This is Comrade Wang.What color are Mrs Greens shoes?零冠词的用法7)在某些习惯用语中的名词前 at first,at last,at noon,at night,at home,at work,after school,by bus,in time,on time,in bed,on foot,on duty,in need,in danger,in trouble,in hospital,in front of零冠词的用法下列词组中，有无冠词意义不同下列词组中，有无冠词意义不同go to school go to school 上学上学g
20、o to the school go to the school 去学校去学校take place take place 发生发生take the place of take the place of 代替代替in front of in front of 在在的前面（范围内）的前面（范围内）in the front in the front 在在的前面（范围外）的前面（范围外）be in hospital be in hospital 在住院在住院be in the hospital be in the hospital 在医院里在医院里下列词组中，有无冠词意义不同下列词组中，有无冠词意义不
21、同go to church go to church 去做礼拜去做礼拜go to the church go to the church 到教堂去到教堂去be at school be at school 在求学在求学be at the school be at the school 在学校在学校在需要的地方填入适当的冠词，不需要的地方填在需要的地方填入适当的冠词，不需要的地方填“/”/”(1)_ friend of mine,Sandy Milton,wanted to become(1)_ friend of mine,Sandy Milton,wanted to become(2)_ d
22、ancer when she was(3)_ little girl.Every morning(2)_ dancer when she was(3)_ little girl.Every morning before(4)_ school she used to practice in(5)_ living before(4)_ school she used to practice in(5)_ living room at(6)_ home.Dancers need(7)_ lot of(8)_ room at(6)_ home.Dancers need(7)_ lot of(8)_ e
23、xercise,so Sandy used to go to(9)_ gym two or three times exercise,so Sandy used to go to(9)_ gym two or three times(10)_ week.In(11)_ end she got(12)_ job in(13)_(10)_ week.In(11)_ end she got(12)_ job in(13)_ theater company and because(14)_ actress.In(15)_ fact,theater company and because(14)_ ac
24、tress.In(15)_ fact,(16)_ last week I saw her in(17)_ program on(18)_(16)_ last week I saw her in(17)_ program on(18)_ TV.TV.Answers:Answers:1.1.A 2.a 3.a 4./5.the A 2.a 3.a 4./5.the 6./7.a 8./9.the 10.a 6./7.a 8./9.the 10.a 11.the 12.a 13.a 14.an 11.the 12.a 13.a 14.an 15./16./17.a 18./15./16./17.a
25、18./1 1_ M(m)oney plays an important role in_ material world.But you _ M(m)oney plays an important role in_ material world.But you cant expect it to give you real happiness.cant expect it to give you real happiness.A AA A；the the B B/；a aC C/；the the D DTheThe；thethe2 2Youd better go abroad by_plane
26、 so as to get_comfortable Youd better go abroad by_plane so as to get_comfortable journey.journey.A A/；a a B Ba a；/C Ca a；the the D Dthethe；thethe3 3In ChinaIn China，_pressure to find_ jobs causes some students in the _pressure to find_ jobs causes some students in the countryside to drop their drea
27、ms of going to college.countryside to drop their dreams of going to college.A A/；the the B Ba a；thetheC Cthethe；/D D/；/4 4If you are hunting_chance to improve yourself in EnglishIf you are hunting_chance to improve yourself in English，I think the I think the English corner will be_smart choice.Engli
28、sh corner will be_smart choice.A Aa a；a a B Ba a；thetheC Cthethe；a a D Dthethe；thethe5 5Did Susan visit you again_following year?Did Susan visit you again_following year?NoNo，it was almost ten years before she came to see me_second time.it was almost ten years before she came to see me_second time.A
29、 Athethe；a a B Bthethe；/C C/；the the D D/；a a6.6.Do you have any idea of_exact date when he cycled to the Taibai Do you have any idea of_exact date when he cycled to the Taibai Mountain?Mountain?No.I only remember it was_Saturday.No.I only remember it was_Saturday.A Aanan；an an B Bthethe；the the C C
30、anan；the the D Dthethe；a a7 7Dont worry too much about making_mistakes.They are_natural Dont worry too much about making_mistakes.They are_natural part of learning.part of learning.A A/；a a B Bthethe；/C C/；the the D Dthethe；a a8 8I dont know who invented_iPhoneI dont know who invented_iPhone，but I t
31、hink it is_useful but I think it is_useful invention.invention.A Athethe；a a B Bthethe；thetheC Canan；the the D Danan；a a9 9Tom works in a company and gets paid by_hourTom works in a company and gets paid by_hour，totally 5,000 totally 5,000 yuan_month.yuan_month.A Athethe；the the B Ba a；thetheC Cthet
32、he；a a D Da a；a a1010Of the two bagsOf the two bags，which one do you prefer?which one do you prefer?_bigger one.Its_most beautiful one_bigger one.Its_most beautiful one，I think.I think.A ATheThe；a a B BTheThe；thetheC CA A；/D DA A；thethe Answers:Answers:1.C 2.1.C 2.A A3.C 4.3.C 4.A A5.A 6.5.A 6.D D7.A 8.7.A 8.A A9.C 10.9.C 10.A A
