1、陈昱萌陈昱萌倒倒 装装 句句语法讲解语法讲解语序语序1.句子的主语在前，谓语在后，称为自然语序。句子的主语在前，谓语在后，称为自然语序。(Natural Order)e.g.We must prevent this from happening.The task seems impossible.What caused his illness?You work here?How beautiful the dress is!2.谓语提到主语前面的句子，称为倒装语序。谓语提到主语前面的句子，称为倒装语序。(Inverted Order)Exercise:判断下列句子的语序：判断下列句子的语序：(
2、1)Down fell a dozen apples.(2)Could you swim when you were little?(3)How many students will leave school this year?(4)You dont smoke,do you?倒装语序倒装语序自然语序自然语序倒装语序倒装语序倒装语序倒装语序3.倒装语序倒装语序分分两种：两种：(1)全部倒装：整个全部倒装：整个谓语谓语提前的倒装。提前的倒装。(full inversion)e.g.Down fell a dozen apples.谓语谓语主语主语Here comes the bus!谓语谓语主
3、语主语(2)部分倒装：只有部分谓语提前的倒装。部分倒装：只有部分谓语提前的倒装。(partial inversion)e.g.Could you swim when you were little?谓语谓语主语主语谓语谓语(助动词助动词)(实意动词实意动词)How are you doing?谓语谓语主语主语谓语谓语(助动词助动词)(实意动词实意动词)常见倒装句型常见倒装句型NAOSHIN代表否定。当否定词置于句子开头代表否定。当否定词置于句子开头时，句子要用部分倒装。这些否定时，句子要用部分倒装。这些否定词有词有no,little,seldom,never,not until,hardly,
4、no sooner等词等词。e.g.He knows little about it.Little does he know about it.部分部分倒装倒装I have never done such thing.Never have I done such a thing.补充：补充：某些某些其他副词放在句首时句子边用倒装语序，其他副词放在句首时句子边用倒装语序，用法与否定词提前用法与否定词提前类似类似。e.g.She would often weep（哭泣）（哭泣）when alone.Often would she weep when alone.I remember my old
5、days well.Well do I remember my old days.注：书面用语，口语中较少使用。注：书面用语，口语中较少使用。补充补充 No soonerthan和和hardlywhen两个结构，两个结构，都表示都表示“还还没没就就”（注意时态（注意时态）当当no sooner 或或hardly 放在句首时，要引导倒装放在句首时，要引导倒装结构。结构。e.g.I had no sooner got off the ship than I was followed by a man.No sooner had I got off the ship than I was follo
6、wed by a man.部分倒装部分倒装He had hardly said the the word“no”when he was driven out.Hardly had he said the word no when he was driven out.补充补充 Neithernor和和Not onlybut also两个结构两个结构中，中，Neither或或not only分别提到句首时，要引起倒装分别提到句首时，要引起倒装结构。结构。注：注：neithernor结构中，前后两个句子均要倒装；结构中，前后两个句子均要倒装；而而Not onlybut also只有前半句倒装。只有前
7、半句倒装。e.g.Neither has he called on her,nor will he do so.Not only shall we learn from books,but also we should learn from practice.部分部分倒装倒装部分部分倒装倒装A代表代表as/though。As/though(尽管尽管)引导让步状语从句时引导让步状语从句时,从句要用倒从句要用倒装语序装语序。可以提前的内容：作表语可以提前的内容：作表语的形容词、名词和某些动词。的形容词、名词和某些动词。e.g.Although he failed,he didnt lose hea
8、rt.Fail as he did,he didnt lose heart.部分部分倒装倒装Although my younger brother is young/a child,he knows a lot.Child/Young as my younger brother is,he knows a lot.O代表代表only。only 修饰状语于句首时，修饰状语于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。句子要用部分倒装。e.g.He only realized how good his home is in a strange place.Only in a strange place did he
9、 realize how good his home is.部分部分倒装倒装Youll only understand me when you grow up.Only when you grow up will you understand me.S代表代表so和和such。当当“so.that.”和和“such.that.”结构中的结构中的so和和such位于句首或位于句首或so表示表示“也也”的时候，的时候，句子用倒装语序。句子用倒装语序。e.g.He is so clever a boy that he can work out such a problem in a short ti
10、me.So clever a boy is he that he can work out such a problem in a short time.部分部分倒装倒装It is such a lovely day that we want to go out for a picnic.Such a lovely day is it that we want to go out for a picnic.补充：补充：由由so,neither（nor）引导的句子（尤其是作简）引导的句子（尤其是作简略回答的句子）用倒装，结构为略回答的句子）用倒装，结构为“So Neither/Nor+助动词助动
11、词+主语主语”e.g.Hes a teacher and so is his wife.I havent seen the film.Neither have I.Exercise:用这类句子填空用这类句子填空(1)I dont eat meat and _ Tom.(2)He fell ill and _ she.H代表代表here/there。当。当here/there置于置于句子开头时，句子要句子开头时，句子要用用全部全部倒装。倒装。e.g.The bus is coming here.Here comes the bus.全部全部倒装倒装The teacher is there.The
12、res the teacher.注意：注意：此用法不用进行时此用法不用进行时！补充：补充：由由now,then等等副词引导的句子，有时也可倒装。副词引导的句子，有时也可倒装。用法与用法与here,there 表地点时引导的倒装相似。表地点时引导的倒装相似。e.g.Your turn is coming now.Now comes your turn（与上页类似，不用进行时态）（与上页类似，不用进行时态）An epoch（时代）（时代）of social revolution began then.Then began an epoch of social revolution.I代表代表if。
13、if引导虚拟引导虚拟条件句，且句中条件句，且句中有有had/were/should时时，如把，如把if省略，省略，要用部分倒装。要用部分倒装。e.g.If were you,I would go there with him.Were I you,I would go there with him.部分部分倒装倒装If you should be in trouble.we would help you.Should you be in trouble,we would help you.此外此外，一些副词短语（尤其是表时间和地点的），一些副词短语（尤其是表时间和地点的）放在句首，也可引导倒装
14、语序。放在句首，也可引导倒装语序。e.g.Two glasses stood on the table.On the table stood too glasses.全全部部倒装倒装Some lakes are around the farm.Around the farm are some lakes.Purple mountains could be seen in the distance.In the distance could be seen the purple mountains.Exercise:(1)Miles of undulating（高低起伏的）（高低起伏的）moor
15、land（荒原）（荒原）lay before him._ miles of undulating moorland.(2)Fields of luxuriant（葱茏的）（葱茏的）wheat stretched on every side._ fields of luxuriant wheat.(3)The following names may be added to the list._the following names.注意区分：注意区分：一些介词短语放在句首，也可引导倒装语序。一些介词短语放在句首，也可引导倒装语序。e.g.He tried to open the locked d
16、oor in vain.In vain did he try to open the locked door.部分倒装部分倒装We must relax our vigilance（警惕）（警惕）under no circumstances（情况）（情况）.Under no circumstances must we relax our vigilance.补充：补充：有时有时，为了使描绘更生动，有些与介词同形的副，为了使描绘更生动，有些与介词同形的副词可以移到句首，构成倒装：词可以移到句首，构成倒装：e.g.The arrow went up into the air.Up went the
17、 arrow into the air.全倒装全倒装A girl came in.In came a girl.注：若主语为人称代词，则不倒。注：若主语为人称代词，则不倒。e.g.In came a girl.In she came.提前的内容提前的内容使用倒装使用倒装介词（短语）介词（短语）部分倒装部分倒装副词副词地点地点/时间状语等时间状语等 全部倒装全部倒装与介词同形的副词与介词同形的副词为了解决这几板大家的为了解决这几板大家的困扰困扰，列表列表供大家参考供大家参考补充：补充：在在直接引语全部或部分位于句首时，引用动词直接引语全部或部分位于句首时，引用动词和主语往往要和主语往往要倒装倒装
18、。e.g.“I do hope”,said Nancy,“that they”全部倒装全部倒装“Youre late”,whispered Jack.补充：补充：有一些有一些表祝愿的句子，尤其是使用表祝愿的句子，尤其是使用may开头开头的，可以使用的，可以使用倒装倒装。e.g.Long live world peace！May you have a long and happy life.部分倒装部分倒装May your lives always live up to your Instagram posts!补充：补充：谓语是谓语是be，表语提前时，句子用倒装语序。，表语提前时，句子用倒装语
19、序。e.g.He who devoted himself to the cause of communism（共（共产主义）产主义）is happy.Happy is he who devoted himself to全部倒装全部倒装Albert Einstein,a single man of great achievements,was such.Such was Albert Einstein,a single man of great achievements.最后，我们按语序做一个总结最后，我们按语序做一个总结A.全部倒装全部倒装1.There be句型句型2.H Here,Ther
20、e,Now,Then等副词引导的句子等副词引导的句子3.地点地点/时间状语提前的句子时间状语提前的句子4.与介词同形的一些副词引导的句子与介词同形的一些副词引导的句子5.在在直接引语全部或部分位于句首时，引用动词和主直接引语全部或部分位于句首时，引用动词和主语往往要倒装语往往要倒装6.谓语是谓语是be，表语提前的句子，表语提前的句子B.部部分分倒装倒装1.在在so,neither,nor开头开头的句子中。的句子中。2.在不对主语或其修饰提问的句子中。在不对主语或其修饰提问的句子中。3.I在不使用在不使用if，讲，讲had,were,should提前的虚拟条件提前的虚拟条件句中。句中。4.N在否定词放句首的句中（包括几个结构）在否定词放句首的句中（包括几个结构）5.S在在sothat或或suchthat位于句首的句子中位于句首的句子中6.O在在only位于句首修饰状语的句子中位于句首修饰状语的句子中
