1、英语语法 状语从句状语从句 修饰动词、形容词或副词的从句叫状语从句修饰动词、形容词或副词的从句叫状语从句 He did not go to school yesterday because he was ill.He is older than Tom is.状语从句重要原则-主将从现主将：主句是下列三种情况之一主将：主句是下列三种情况之一 一般将来时一般将来时 谓语动词含情态动词谓语动词含情态动词 祈使句祈使句从现：从句用一般现在时从现：从句用一般现在时 The boy will be a writer when he grows up.Please dont go to bed befor
2、e you finish your homework.When the lights are red,the traffic must stop.If you study hard,you will pass the exam.时间状语从句-when和whilewhilewhile引导的从句，谓语动词只能是引导的从句，谓语动词只能是延续性延续性动词；动词；when引导的从句，谓语动词可以是引导的从句，谓语动词可以是延续延续性动词，也可以是性动词，也可以是短暂性短暂性动词；动词；主句和从句的动作同时发生，主句和从句的动作同时发生，短暂短暂性动词用一般性动词用一般时态时态，延续延续性动词用性动词用
3、进行时态进行时态；When IWhen I sawsaw him he him he was decoratingwas decorating his room.his room.When IWhen I got togot to the top of the mountain,the sunthe top of the mountain,the sun was shiningwas shining.主句和从句都是主句和从句都是延续延续性动作，并且两个动作几乎是同时开始，同时结束，那么都性动作，并且两个动作几乎是同时开始，同时结束，那么都用过去进行时用过去进行时；While heWhile h
4、e was waitingwas waiting for the bus,hefor the bus,he was readingwas reading a newspaper.a newspaper.When I When I was doing was doing my homework,my mother my homework,my mother was cookingwas cooking.主句和从句动作长短不一样，时间长的用进行主句和从句动作长短不一样，时间长的用进行时态时态，短的用一般，短的用一般时态时态；如果一个动作先发生，在此动作结束前，另一个动作发生了，那么先发生的动作如果
5、一个动作先发生，在此动作结束前，另一个动作发生了，那么先发生的动作用过去进行时，后发生的动作用一般过去式；用过去进行时，后发生的动作用一般过去式；When I saw him heWhen I saw him he was decoratingwas decorating his room.his room.It It was rainingwas raining when they left the station.when they left the station.时间状语从句-untiluntiluntil表示动作结束的时间表示动作结束的时间;在肯定句中意为在肯定句中意为“直到直到为止
6、为止”，主句用延续性动词；，主句用延续性动词；在否定句中意为在否定句中意为“直到直到才才”，主句用短暂性动词；，主句用短暂性动词；My mother My mother waitedwaited until he came back.until he came back.我妈妈一直等到他回来。我妈妈一直等到他回来。He didnt He didnt leaveleave until I get home.until I get home.他直到我到家才离开。他直到我到家才离开。条件状语从句-if,unlessIf：如果：如果 I will go with you if I have spare
7、 time.unless=if not 除非除非 unless已经包含否定意义，所以不已经包含否定意义，所以不需要需要在后面再加否定句式。在后面再加否定句式。He wont pass the exam unless he studies harder now.他不会通过考试，除非他现在更努力地学习。他不会通过考试，除非他现在更努力地学习。=He wont pass the exam if he doesnt study harder now.条件状语从句-同义句 祈使句祈使句+and/or+简单句简单句 If you work hard,you will pass the exam.If yo
8、u work hard,you will pass the exam.=Work hard,and you will pass the exam.=Work hard,and you will pass the exam.If you donIf you dont hurry up,you will be late.t hurry up,you will be late.=Hurry up,or you will be late.=Hurry up,or you will be late.=Hurry up,and you won=Hurry up,and you wont be late.t
9、 be late.用介词用介词with、without简化简化If there is no water,the fish will die.If there is no water,the fish will die.=The fish will die without water.=The fish will die without water.If you help me,I will finish my work on time.If you help me,I will finish my work on time.=I will finish my work on time with
10、 your help.=I will finish my work on time with your help.原因状语从句-because,as,since becausebecause：语气很强，语气很强，强调强调原因，用于回答原因，用于回答why；becausebecause后面跟句子，后面跟句子，because of后面跟名词短语；后面跟名词短语；He is absent today,because he is ill.He is absent today because of illness.becausebecause和和so不能同时出现在一个句子里面。不能同时出现在一个句子里面
11、。since：可译为“既然”，不强调原因；语气弱；放在句首，比as正式；Since you have read the story,I wonSince you have read the story,I wont tell you again.t tell you again.Since everyone is here,letSince everyone is here,lets begin our meeting.s begin our meeting.as：表示显而易见的原因，语气弱，不强调原因；放在句首As I was in a hurry,I left my book at hom
12、e.As I was in a hurry,I left my book at home.As I knew he was ill,I didn As I knew he was ill,I didnt call him.t call him.结果状语从句-so that,such that结果状语从句翻译成结果状语从句翻译成“太太以致于以致于”，表示主句谓语动作引起的，表示主句谓语动作引起的结果；结果；He spoke so fast that I couldnHe spoke so fast that I couldnt follow him.t follow him.他说得太快了，以致于
13、我们跟不上。他说得太快了，以致于我们跟不上。He told us such funny stories that we all laughed.He told us such funny stories that we all laughed.他给我们讲了很有趣的故事，我们都大笑起来。他给我们讲了很有趣的故事，我们都大笑起来。He is such a good boy that everyone likes him.He is such a good boy that everyone likes him.=He is so good a boy that everyone likes him
14、.=He is so good a boy that everyone likes him.他是一个非常好的男孩，以致于所有人都喜欢他。他是一个非常好的男孩，以致于所有人都喜欢他。My pencil fell under the desk,so that I couldnMy pencil fell under the desk,so that I couldnt see it.t see it.It is such good weather that we can go for a picnic.It is such good weather that we can go for a pic
15、nic.=The weather is so good that we can go for a picnic.=The weather is so good that we can go for a picnic.结果状语从句-so that,such that用法so+adj./adv.+that从句从句He spoke so fast that I couldnt follow him.so+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数可数名词单数+that从句从句He is so good a boy that everyone likes him.such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数可数名
16、词单数+that从句从句He is such a good boy that everyone likes him.such+adj.+可数名词复数可数名词复数/不可数名词不可数名词+that从句从句It is such good weather that we can go for a picnic.如果名词前有如果名词前有many,much,little(表示表示”小小”的时候例外的时候例外),few等词修饰等词修饰，只能用，只能用so，不能用，不能用such;There are so many deer that they eat up all the roses.He has so l
17、ittle time that he cant go to the cinema with you.结果状语从句-同义句 sothat句型中的句型中的that从句是肯定句时，可以和从句是肯定句时，可以和enoughto do句型互换句型互换 Peter is so tall that he can reach the apples on the big tree.=Peter is tall enough to reach the apples on the big tree.sothat句型中的句型中的that从句是否定句时，可以和从句是否定句时，可以和tooto 句型互换句型互换 The
18、boy is so young that he cant dress himself.=The boy is too young to dress himself.目的状语从句-so that,in order that 目的状语从句表示动作的目的目的状语从句表示动作的目的，翻译成，翻译成“为了为了”，“以便以便”从句中通常会有从句中通常会有can、could、may、might、should等情态动词；等情态动词；so that不可分开，必须连在一起使用不可分开，必须连在一起使用Say it louder so that everyone can hear you.=Say it loude
19、r in order that everyone can hear you.He left early so that he could catch the train.We use computers in order that we may save time.So that和和in order that可以互换可以互换 同义句：同义句：in order to do We use computers in order to save time.让步状语从句 though,although：虽然；不能和：虽然；不能和but一起使用一起使用 Though he is old,he is ver
20、y happy.=He is old,but he is very happy.even if,even though：即使：即使Even if/though he is poor,she lovesd him.=He is poor,yet(然而然而)she loves him.让步状语从句 no matter+疑问词，疑问词疑问词，疑问词-ever：无论：无论都都,不管不管都都No matter what happened,he would not mind.=Whatever happened,he would not mind.No matter who you are,you mus
21、t keep the law.=Whoever you are,you must keep the law.注意：这两种句型只有在让步状语从句中可以替换。注意：这两种句型只有在让步状语从句中可以替换。whethernot：不管是：不管是还是还是，正反两个方面都不影响主句的意，正反两个方面都不影响主句的意向或结果；向或结果；You will have to attend the meeting whether you are free or busy.Whether you believe it or not,its true.PPT模板下载：/moban/行业PPT模板：/hangye/节日PPT模板：/jieri/PPT素材下载：/sucai/PPT背景图片：/beijing/PPT图表下载：/tubiao/优秀PPT下载：/xiazai/PPT教程：/powerpoint/Word教程：/word/Excel教程：/excel/资料下载：/ziliao/PPT课件下载：/kejian/范文下载：/fanwen/试卷下载：/shiti/教案下载：/jiaoan/谢谢！
