1、Attributive ClauseAttributive Clause定语从句定语从句定语：修饰，限定名词或代词的成分，翻译为“的”常见作定语的词：名词，代词，形容词，数词，介词短语等。什么是定语？The woman teacher in red has two sons.His idol is Zhong Nanshang.He is a great doctor.定语从句定语从句1.1.定义：在复合句中修饰定义：在复合句中修饰 名词名词 或或 代词代词 的的从句从句2.2.先行词：被从句修饰的名词或代词先行词：被从句修饰的名词或代词3.3.关系代词的作用：关系代词的作用：（1 1）引导定
2、语从句）引导定语从句（2 2）代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语，宾语，）代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语，宾语，定语等成分定语等成分,作宾语时常被省略作宾语时常被省略Mary is a girl.Mary has long hair.合并为一个句子Mary is a girl who has long hair.先行词关系词定语从句eg:Jim is a boy who has long hair.关系代词关系副词that,who,which,whom,whose Where,when,why关系词的作用：指代先行词，又在从句中充当相应的句子成分。定语从句的结构当先行词是物时,用which 或th
3、at引导.These are the trees which/that were planted last year.当先行词是人时,用who或that(whom)引导.He was the man who/that helped me find my wallet just now.Learn to think关系代词 先行词 决定 先行词关系代词人物人和物whowhichthatthatthatwho,whom,that用法区别.who 作定语从句的主语或宾语.The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The man is a w
4、orker.The man is speaking at the meeting.分解Whom 作定语从句的宾语 The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.分解that 可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.关系代词作动词宾语时均可省略。The woman(whom/that)they wanted to visit is a teacher.Exercise 1:用关系代词填空1.The boy _ is playing ping-pong
5、 is my classmate.2.The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister.3.I hate people _ talk much but do little.4.The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhich/that先行词1.I know a girl who _(like)red.先行词2.Jim reads books which_(be)fun.先行词 3.Do you know the t
6、hings and persons that they _(be)talking about?先行词决定 关系代词从句中的谓语动词形式likes areare5.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.that当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.SusanSusan下列情况只能用that当先行词被当先行词被序数词序数词或或形容词最高级形容词最高级修饰时。修饰时。eg.Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.2.当先行词是指物的当先
7、行词是指物的不定代词不定代词时。如：时。如：all,anything,something,nothing,none,the one,everything,little,few,much,any.eg.Here is something(that)I will tell you.SusanSusan3先行词被the only，the very，the last等修饰时。eg.This is the only novel that you want to borrow 4先行词是或被all，no，some，any，little，much 等修饰时。eg.Ive written down all t
8、he things that the teacher doesnt allow us to do 下列情况只能用thatSusanSusan下列情况只能用that5 5先行词是先行词是人和物人和物的名词时的名词时,用用that,that,既不用既不用which,which,也不用也不用whowho。eg.He told us many interesting things and persons that we had never heard6.主句的主语是疑问词who/which时,为了避免重复。eg.Who is the girl that is crying？eg.Which is th
9、e bike that you lost?SusanSusan下列情况只能用which1.1.介词前置时，不用thatthat。即介词提在定语从句前。eg.This is the room in which he lives.2 2.先行词为thatthat时,避免重复，用which.which.eg.Whats that which is under the desk?Exercise 2.1.My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things _ they couldnt remember.2.Say al
10、l _ you know.3.Is there anything _ I can do for you?thatthatthat当先行词是something,anything,nothing,all 等词时，关系代词只能用that.4.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here.5.This is the best novel _ I have read.thatthat当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.6.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree?7.Wh
11、ich is the machine _ we used last Sunday.当主句是who或which 引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.thatthatLearn to make a summary定语从句1.两个句 子3.先行作出两决定4.两类只用莫相忘 关系代词 从句谓语动词形式1.只用that不用which（5）2.只用which不用that（2）主句 从句 2.两个词 先行词关系代词SusanSusan 1.This is all _ I know about the matter.A.that B.what C.who D.whether 2.Is
12、 ther anything_ that I can do for you?A.which B.that C.who D.what 3.He answered few questions_the teacher asked.A.that B./C.which D.it关系代词只用that不用which的情况1.当先行词是all,little,much,none,few,everything,nothing,something,anything等不定代词,或被它们修饰时，只能用that。SusanSusan 1.The first place _ we visited was the Great
13、 Wall.A.which B.that C.who D.what 2.Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn?A.that B.what C.who D.whether 3.That is the most intertersting book_I have ever read.A.that B.which C.where D.it2.当先行词被序数词(the first),形容词最高级(the best),the last,the very,the only，the next 等修饰时。SusanSusan2.下面情况不用下面情况不用that:Th
14、is is the book about we are talking nowWhats that is flying in the sky?which介词后面：介词后面：which当先行词本身是当先行词本身是that时时：that和和which的区别的区别2SusanSusan1.The man _ I saw told me to wait.2.The man to _ I spoke was a foreigner.3.I know a boy _ father is an acrobat.(杂技演员杂技演员)4.He saw a house _ windows were all bro
15、ken.Fill in the blanks with who,whom,whose,which and that.whowhomwhosewhoseSusanSusan 1.Im reading a book.The book is about Bill Gates._ 2.He is a teacher.The teacher teaches us Chinese._ Match the two sentencesIm reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.He is a teacher who/that teaches us Chin
16、ese.SusanSusan基础知识回顾1.His name is LiHua _ is a handsome boy.2.A plane is a machine _ can fly.3.This is the scientist _ name is known to all.4.The school _ we are studying is very famous.5.Do you remember the day _ we first met?who/thatwhich/thatwhosewhenwhereSusanSusan温馨提示：定语从句中通常爱出现的及物和不及物动词有：vt:give;visit;spend;explain;tell;take;buy;use;make;build;have;get;devote;enjoyvi:work;live;stay;study;remain;sit;lie;stand;exist;go;come定语从句做题三大步骤：1.分析句子结构，找出主句和从句；2.找出先行词（即被修饰的词）；3.分析从句，缺什么就补什么。
