1、主 题：拓 展 课状语从句词汇角词汇角 本课内容 学习目标语法专项：状语从句精讲；了解七大从句的区别，重点学习连接词；中考链接，中考卷训练；词句综合应用的技巧和步骤，尤其是词性的分析与应用。用一个句子(从句)来作另一个句子(主句)的状语，用作状语的句子就叫作状语从句。作什么样的状语就叫什么类型的状语从句。引导状语从句的连接词是从属连词，状语从句可以在句首，也可以在句尾。中考主要考查状语从句的类型有：时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、条件状语从句等。状语从句的定义 引导状语从句的从属连词：从句种类主要从属连词 时间从句 when,while,as soon a
2、s,since,before,after,until,till等 条件从句 if,unless 目的从句 in order that,so that 结果从句 sothat,suchthat,so that,so 原因从句 because,as,since 让步从句 although,though 考点一：时间状语从句时间状语从句中的连词用法when当的时候while当时 表示主从句的动作同时发生,while后引导的状语从句的动词必须是持续动词或状态，用进行时；也允许主从句都用进行时。表示对比，解释为“而”as soon as一.就（主将从现）since自以来，到现在主句动词必须是持续动词，一
3、般用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。till/untiltill在口语中用的较多，句首一般用until，而不用till。They walked till/until it was dark.(主句动词是持续动词)Xiao Ming didnt leave home till/until his father came back.(主句动词是瞬间动词)by the time/end of到.为止 (主句要用完成时)(1)when引导时间状语从句表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生，从句的谓语可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬间动词。例如：He was working when I went in.我
4、进去时他正在工作。When she heard the news,she began to cry.她听到这个消息，她哭了起来。(2)while引导的状语从句中常用延续性动词或表示状态的动词，意思是“在期间”。while还可以表示两者之间的对比关系。例如：They rushed in while we were singing.我们唱歌时，他们冲进来。I like playing football,while Tom likes listening to music.我喜欢踢足球，而汤姆喜欢听音乐。(3)as引导状语从句，强调同时发生，不分先后。可以译成“随着”或“一边一边”。例如：John
5、sings as he walks home.约翰一边往家走一边唱歌。(4)until/till 引导时间状语从句，当主句的谓语动词是瞬间动词时，主句常用否定形式，not until意思为“直到才”。例如：He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework.他直到做完作业才睡觉。考点二：地点状语从句地点状语从句在主句中表示地点。其连接词有where（哪里），wherever（无论哪里）等。例如：Put it where you find it.把它放在原来的地方。You can sit wherever you like.你喜欢坐在哪里就坐在哪里
6、。考点三：原因状语从句原因状语从句在主句中表示原因或者理由。其连接词有：because（因为），as（因为），since（既然）等。例如：I often eat carrots because they are good for my health.我经常吃胡萝卜是因为对我的身体有好处。As I dont know the way,I had to ask the policeman.由于我不知道路，所以我不得不问警察。注意：(1)because表示因果关系语气最强，常用来回答why提出的问题。I didnt tell them because they were too young.我没有告
7、诉他们，因为他们太小。(2)because和so不能同在一个句子里。Because the book was expensive,I didnt buy it.(I 前不用so)考点四：结果状语从句结果状语从句在主句中表示结果。其连接词有：sothat（如此以至于），such that（如此以至于）等。例如：Its such a good chance that you cant miss it.这次机会如此好，你不能失去它。注意：sothat 和 such that 都可以引导结果状语从句，注意so和such后面所接的词不同。(1)such.thatsucha(an)形容词单数可数名词tha
8、t从句 such形容词复数名词/不可数名词that从句例如：He was such an honest man that he was praised by the teacher.他非常诚实，因而受到了老师的表扬。They are such interesting novels that I want to read them once again.这些小说非常有趣，我想再读一遍。(2)但是如果名词前由many、much、few、little（少）等词修饰，则用so。例如：He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.他摔了
9、很多跤，以至于全身上下青一块，紫一块的。(3)so.thatso形容词副词.that从句so形容词a(an)单数可数名词that从句例如：He runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him.他跑得非常快，没人能追上他。考点五：目的状语从句目的状语从句在主句中表示目的。其连接词有：so（以便），so that（为了），in order that（为了）等，从句中多用情态动词can,will,may,should 等。例如：He got up very early so that he could catch the first train.他起床很
10、早以便于赶第一班火车。I will run slowly so that you can catch up with me.我慢慢跑以便你能赶上我。考点六：条件状语从句条件状语从句在主句中表示条件。其连接词有：if（如果），unless（如果不，除非），as long as（只要）等。例如：If it is fine tomorrow,we will go swimming.如果明天天气好的话我们去游泳。注意：在条件状语从句中，一般要用一般现在时代替一般将来时，一般过去时代替过去将来时。例如：Unless it rains,the game will be played.（=If it doe
11、snt rain,the game will be played.）如果不下雨，比赛就将进行。As long as you tell truth,Ill try to help you.只要你说出真相，我就尽力帮助你。考点七：让步状语从句常由though/although(虽然)，even if/though(即使)等引导，但though/although不能和but同时出现在一个句子里。例如：Though its hard work,I enjoy it.（=Its hard work,but I enjoy it.）尽管这是一件艰苦的工作，但我乐意做。Though/Although it
12、was raining，we went there.虽然下着雨，但我们还是去了那儿。She wont leave the TV set even though/even if suppers on the table.即使晚饭已摆在桌上，她也不愿意离开电视机。真题再现一.单项选择。1.Well go for a picnic if it _this Sunday.Wish you a lovely weekend.A.rain B.doesnt rain C.wont rain答案：考查if引导的条件状语从句。当主句是一般将来时，if引导的条件状语从句应该用一般现在时。句意为“如果这个星期天不
13、下雨的话，我们就去野餐”。故选B。2.Teresa is _ nervous _ she cant talk in front of the class.A.such,that B.too,to C.so,that答案：考查状语从句引导词的用法。suchthat,sothat引导结果状语从句，such后接名词，so后接形容词或副词。tooto意为“太不能”,too后接形容词或副词,to后接动词原形。句意为“Teresa很紧张以至于不敢在同学面前说话”。故选C3.Whats your plan for the summer holidays?Ill go to Beijing_ the scho
14、ol term ends.A.in order that B.so that C.as soon as D.even though答案：考查“as soon as”引导的状语从句，如果主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来的意义。故选C4.Why is Harveys mother so happy?Because only three students _,_ her son Harvey.A.failed the exam;besides B.made progress;exceptC.made progress;including D.passed the exam;without【
15、解析】句意为“仅有三个学生取得了进步，包括她的儿子Harvey”，所以选C。5.I want to know when Mr.Brown will arrive.【2012 四川成都】When he _,I will tell you.A.will arrive B.arrived C.arrives【解析】考查when引导的时间状语从句，如果主句用一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来的意义。所以选C。6.I like drinking wine.But people who drink wine arent allowed to drive.If I _ you,I would give
16、up_wine.A.were,drinking B.am,drinking C.were,drink D.was,to drink【解析】考查if引导的状语从句，表示假设，句意为“如果我是你，我就放弃喝酒”。这里用虚拟语气，所以把am改为were。give up后接名词或动词-ing形式。故选A7._ I was in he US,I made a lot of American friends.A.While B.Although C.Unless D.Until【解析】考查while引导的时间状语从句。句意为“当我在美国的期间，我交了很多美国朋友”。故选A8._ he has little
17、 knowledge,the old worker has a lot of experience.A.Although B.Because C.If【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意为“尽管老工人知识少，但他经验丰富”。although意为“尽管，虽然”。所以选A。巩固练习一.单项选择。1Tom will call me as soon as he _ home.Agets Bhas got Cgot Dwill get2We wont start the meeting _ our teacher arrives.Athough Buntil Cwhile Dor 3We will have
18、no water to drink _ we dont protect the earth Auntil Bbefore C though Dif4Jane,please turn off the lights _ you leave the classroom.Aafter Bbefore Cuntil Dbut5.While she_TV in the sitting room,the bell _.A.watches,rings B.is watching,rang C.was watching,rang D.watched,was ringing6.She was busy,_ she
19、 couldnt go to your birthday party last night.A.so B.and C.or D.but7.Dont cross the road_the light turns green.A.when B.while C.until D.as8.She will find him a kind man when she _more about him.A.knows B.know C.will know D.is going to know9.It is ten years _ I left my hometown.A.since B.if C.whether
20、 D.until10.I was cooking _ he was reading a book.A.after B.while C.because D.but11.She worked_quietly that _ no one knew she was there.A.so,as B.so,that C.too,to D.very,that12.I _ to bed last night until my father came back.A.went B.didnt go C.had gone D.would go13.I _ him since we met last in 1981.
21、A.dont see B.didnt see C.wont see D.havent seen14.We wont give up _we should fail ten times.A.even if B.since C.whether D.until15.The volleyball match will be put off if it _.A.will rain B.rains C.rained D.is raining二.根据汉语提示，完成下列句子。1.虽然他贫穷，但至少他诚实。_he is poor,he is _honest.2.即使明天天气不好，约翰还想去。_ the weat
22、her is bad tomorrow,John _ go.3.不要要我解释，除非你真得不懂。Dont ask me _ you really dont understand.4.快点！否则你就错过火车了。Hurry up,_ you _the train.Although/Thoughat leastEven though/Even ifwill want toto explain unlessorwill miss5.自从我1990年搬家到这，就住在这个城市里。We _in this city _ I moved here in 1990.6.你决定当你长大时想干什么了吗？Have you
23、 decided _you want to be _ you grow up?7.不要着急，我得到信息就给你打电话。_,Ill phone you_ I get the news.8.昨天直到警察来，那个醉汉才离开车站。The drunk man _the station _ the police came yesterday.have livedsincewhatwhenDont worryas soon asdidnt leaveuntil真题再现一.单项选择。26.Mike is from America.He _ English.A.spoke B.will speak C.speak
24、s D.had spoken 27.-When _ you _ to learn to skate?-Five years ago.A.do;start B.will;start C.had;start D.did;start28.Where are you going for your holiday?-Well,we _ yet.A.havent decided B.hadnt decided C.dont decide D.didnt decide 29.Thanks for your help.-_.A.No,thanks B.Let me see C.It doesnt matter
25、 D.Thats OK 30.Would you mind my using your dictionary?-_.A.Yes,please B.Of course not C.You are welcome D.My pleasure 31.Look at that girl!Is it Susan?-No,it _ be her.She has gone back to her hometown.A.mustnt B.cant C.neednt D.wouldnt 32.Are you scared of the flight?-No,just a little _.A.angry B.s
26、erious C.anxious D.calm33.Why dont you choose the red tie?-For me,it doesnt _ my shirt very well.A.fix B.accept C.compare D.match34.Youve given me so much help.I really _ it.A.appreciate B.receive C.suppose D.regard35.Why are you still waiting in line?-Ive missed my _.A.place B.order C.turn D.time36
27、.How many students are there in the classroom?-_.They are all in the lab.A.Some B.None C.All D.Neither37.Waiter,$20 for dinner,right?-Im afraid$25,sir,for drinks are _.A.extra B.free C.high D.spare38.Do you know the man under the tree?-Sorry,I dont know _.A.how is he B.what is he C.who he is D.where
28、 he is39.How about the exhibition that day?-It was very noisy,but that didnt _ me.A.hurt B.impress C.change D.bother40.It was a difficult time,but we never _ hope.A.put up B.gave up C.picked up D.used up真题再现二.词与短语选择填空。（提示：选项中有一个是多余的）habit result talk to get over sorry madId like to tell you a story
29、about my best friend Jane.Last week in school we had a big fight,and she didnt(71)_me.It all started when she asked me if she could copy my homework.I asked her why she wanted to do that,and she said that she had forgotten to do hers.I said I didnt think it was a good idea.talk to 真题再现I said it woul
30、d start a bad(72)_ and she should do her own work.She got really(73)_ at me and said she didnt want to be my best friend anymore.I said that was OK and that I was sure she would(74)_ it.And she did.Yesterday she told me she was(75)_.She said it was much better if she did her own work.habitMad get ov
31、er sorryhabit result talk to get over sorry mad1.考试题型：（1）根据句意及首字母提示填空：（2）根据括号内所给的汉语提示填空：（3）用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空：2.解题步骤：（1）通读全句，细心分析。（2）抓住关键，确定形式。（3）仔细复查，验证答案。3.解题技巧：（1）从句意找单词。（2）根据句子成分判断所填词的词性。(3)观察句子的类型，判断动词的时态和语态。(4)从所给的句子主语和谓语关系来判断语态 (5)从句子成分判断动词的非谓语形式。(6)掌握一定的构词法知识有助于填入正确单词。(7)注意同义词和近义词的辨析。（1）从句意找单词特
32、别是首字母填空题，认真阅读和分析所给的句子是准确判断所填词汇的关键。例如：How h_ it is raining outside.We had better stay at home.解析认真阅读所给的句子，理解句子的意思，考虑用副词来修饰动词raining，在感叹句中how的后面可以用副词，所以填heavily，表示（雨下得）很大。（2）根据句子成分判断所填词的词性名词，要注意其单复数、可数还是不可数、是否用所有格形式；动词，应注意人称、数、时态、语态及是否是非谓语形式；如果修饰名词或代词，应用形容词；如果修饰动词或形容词、副词等，应该用副词；还要注意形容词、副词的级别；如果是代词，要注意
33、是人称代词、物主代词还是不定代词等，是形容词性物主代词还是名词性物主代词等。例如：At the _(开始),we couldnt understand what he said.解析括号所给的汉语是“开始”，直接翻译的单词是begin，如果直接翻译后填空是错误的，从介词和冠词the的后判断，应该用名词；从句意可以分析这个空是需要用“开始”这个单词的动名词形式即beginning，构成at the beginning短语，表示“在开始时”，所以一定要结合句子来考虑单词的正确形式，不能直接翻译汉语就填空。(3)观察句子的类型，判断动词的时态和语态。1)如果所给的句子是祈使句，就可以用括号所给动词的
34、原形。例如：_(speak)Chinese in the meeting,please.解析这是一个祈使句，表示一种请求，祈使句是以动词原形开头的句子，所以可以直接填写括号内的动词。答案是Speak。2)如果句子中有情态动词can/may/must等，情态动词后面要填入动词原形。例如：You must _(go)there at once.解析在情态动词must的后面用动词原形go，所以可以直接填写go。3)如果句子有比较明显的时间状语，可以根据不同的时间来判断动词的不同时态。(4)从所给的句子主语和谓语关系来判断语态如果句子的主语是后面动词所表示动作的执行者，用主动语态；如果句子的主语不能执
35、行后面动词所表示的动作，而是动作的承受者，用被动语态。例如：When we got there,all students _(do)their homework.句子的主语students能够执行后面的动作do homework，所以是主动语态即were doing。(5)从句子成分判断动词的非谓语形式如果所给的句子是简单句，并且已经有了主语和谓语，那么括号所给的动词不能再作谓语，这时可能要用动词的非谓语形式。动词的非谓语形式有：动词不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。注意：有一些动词的后面只能用动名词形式作宾语。例如：enjoy，finish，practice，mind，keep，keep
36、on，go on等；(6)掌握一定的构词法知识有助于填入正确单词在词汇部分学过一些常用的构词法，掌握这些构词法，会更容易掌握单词，也对词汇运用试题有所帮助，如：动词变名词，形容词变副词等。例如：decide decision agree agreement spell spelling succeed success这些词汇都是由一个动词变成了名词。easyeasilyheavyheavily carefulcarefully这些词汇是由形容词变成了副词。(7)注意同义词和近义词的辨析同样意思的词有时会有几个，而到底哪一个更适合句意要求就需要依靠平时对同义词和近义词的区别、句意和语法的要求认真
37、判断了。例如：The girl _(花费)a lot of time collecting toys last year.解析我们学过的表示“花费”的词有“spend、cost、take”等，根据句子中用的句型和时间状语last year，此处应该用spent。课堂小结练习：完型填空Denny Crook was a famous photographer.He traveled all over the world,taking pictures for magazines and newspapers,and won many prizes.“Ill do anything to get
38、a good photo,”he often said.“Ill go anywhere at any time,even if it is(41)_.”And he told the(42)_.He had photos of earthquakes,forest fires,floods and even wars.If something interesting happened,Denny went to photo it.He was a married man and his wife often asked him to take her with him,but he alwa
39、ys(43)_.”Ill travel for my work,not for(44)_,”he told her.“You wont enjoy yourself,and I wont have(45)_to look after you.Sometimes theres not even anywhere to(46)_,and I have to sleep outside.I often dont have a good(47)_ or a bath for days.You wont like it.”“Denny,Im not a child,”his wife didnt(48)
40、_.“I can look after myself.Please take me with you the next time you go overseas.”.Denny did not say anything,but he(49)_ about it,and when he was asked to go to Africa he said to his wife,“You can come to Africa with me if you want to.Ive got to take photos of wild(50)_there.It should be interestin
41、g and not too uncomfortable.”His wife was very(51)_,and at first she had a very enjoyable time.Then Denny went to off to(52)_some lions to photo.His wife went with him,but before long they became separated.She walked down one path while he walked down the other.Suddenly,Denny heard her(53)_.He ran b
42、ack and saw her running toward him.A huge lion was chasing her.Quickly Denny took his camera out of its case and(54)_ it at his wife and the lion.Then he shouted,“(55)_,woman!I cant get you both in the picture!”41.A.dangerous B.natural C.convenient D.impossible42.A.lie B.reason C.news D.truth43.A.al
43、lowed B.refused C.failed D.joked44.A.wealth B.prize C.pleasure D.luck45.A.money B.time C.interest D.ability46.A.meet B.work C.shop D.stay47.A.meal B.picnic C.room D.party48.A.agree B.understand C.reply D.complain49.A.worried B.forgot C.asked D.thought50.A.land B.flowers C.animals D.people51.A.confused B.excited C.surprised D.disappointed52.A.find B.feed C.drive D.shoot53.A.singing B.crying C.laughing D.cheering55.A.Hurry up B.Look out C.Slow down D.Go ahead完型填空41-45ADBCB46-50DAADC51-55BABDC
